1,001 CCNA Questions Chapter 8: Static Routing

What is the administrative distance of a static route? (A) 1 (B) 100 (C) 120 (D) 0

A. 1 A static route has an administrative distance of 1, the second-lowest administrative distance next to a connected route, which has an administrative distance of 0.

Using the following output, how will data be sent to 25.33.200.2? ROUTER87#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, ... (Additional codes omitted for briefness) Gateway of last resort is not set S 29.0.0.0 [1/0] via 26.0.0.2 C 26.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0 C 25.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 (A) Data will be sent out FastEthernet0/1 (B) Data will be sent out Serial0/0/0 (C) Data will be sent out Serial0/0/1 (D) Data will be sent to 26.0.0.2

A. Data will be sent out FastEthernet0/1 When looking at the routing table, you can see that there is a connected route for the 25.0.0.0 network (shows with a C on the left side). Looking at that entry, you can see that data destined for the 25.0.0.0 network will be sent out the FastEthernet0/1 port.

Which of the following two actions must a router do with an incoming packet in order to send it to its destination? (Choose two.) (A) Determine if a route exists in the routing table (B) Look at the source IP address of the packet (C) Determine if an entry exists in the MAC address table (D) Look at the destination IP address of the packet

A. Determine if a route exists in the routing table D. look at the destination IP address of the packet When a router receives a packet, it will first look at the destination IP address in the packet to determine where the packet is headed. Then the router will look to its routing table to determine if it has a route to that network.

When a router receives a packet what does it do? (Select two.) (A) Determines if a destination route exists in the routing table and what the next hop is (B) Determines if a destination MAC address appears in the routing table (C) Looks at the destination IP address in the packet (D) Filters traffic based on destination MAC address

A. Determines if a destination route exists in the routing table and what the next hop is C. Looks at the destination IP address in the packet When a router receives a packet, it will first look at the destination IP address in the packet to determine where the packet is headed. Then the router will look to its routing table to determine if it has a route to that network.

Your routers are running the RIP routing protocol and you type the following command. What is the outcome of typing this command? Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 55.12.4.38 (A) If there is no matching destination network in the routing table, the router will send the packet to 55.12.4.38. (B) You have configured RIP to broadcast knowledge of the 55.12.4.38 network. (C) You have configured a connected route to forward traffic to 55.12.4.38. (D) You have configured Gateway of Last Resort so that if there is a packet destined for the 55.0.0.0 network, then the router will forward it on to 0.0.0.0.

A. If there is no matching destination network in the routing table, the router will send the packet to 55.12.4.38. This command will configure the Gateway of Last Resort (GWLR), also known as a default route, so that if there is no entry in the routing table for the destination network, the router will send the traffic to 55.12.4.38.

Your router receives knowledge of a network via RIPv2 that it already has a static route to. Which pathway will be used? (A) The static route entry (B) The RIPv2 entry (C) The default route entry (D) The packet will be denied

A. The static route entry The static route would take preference over the RIPv2 entry because it has a lower administrative distance value.

You are considering configuring default routes on your routers. Which of the following are benefits of default routes? (Select two.) (A) They allow communication to networks not appearing in the routing table. (B) The routes never go down. (C) The routes will take first priority. (D) The routing table size is kept to a minimum. (E) They are used to forward traffic from the Internet to your internal network.

A. They allow communication to networks not appearing in the routing table D. the routing table size is kept to a minimum. When you configure a default route, you are essentially telling the router where to send the data if the router does not know how to reach a certain network. For example, you could configure a default route on ROUTERA that says "if you do not know of a pathway for a particular network, send the data to ROUTERB and let him figure it out!"

Your manager has disabled routing on the router by mistake. What command could you use to enable routing again? (A) ip routing (B) no ip routing (C) enable routing (D) no disable routing

A. ip routing If you want to enable routing on your router, you can use the ip routing command. In order to disable routing, you use the no ip routing command.

What is the command to delete a static route? (A) no ip route (B) route delete (C) delete route (D) ip route delete

A. no ip route You delete a static route using the no ip route command. Most Cisco commands can be negated by placing the word no in front of the command.

Using the output shown below, which resulted from the show ip route command, what is the hop count to reach the 29.0.0.0 network? S 29.0.0.0 [1/5] via 26.0.0.2 (A) 1 (B) 5 (C) 26 (D) 29

B. 5 The hop count is shown after the administrative distance within the [1/5]. In this case, the hop count is 5.

What is the process called that the IP protocol uses to determine if the system it is trying to communicate with is on a different network? (A) Routing (B) ANDing (C) NATing (D) Switching

B. ANDing ANDing is the mathematical process the IP protocol uses to determine if two systems are on the same network.

What is the result of the following commands being entered on the route? RouterA>enable RouterA#config term RouterA(config)#ip route 217.56.33.48 255.255.255.240 26.10.20.2 (A) Any data destined for the 26.10.20.2/28 network is forwarded to the IP address of 217.46.33.48. (B) Any data destined for the 217.46.33.48/28 network is forwarded to the IP address of 26.10.20.2. (C) Any data destined for the 217.46.33.0/28 network is forwarded to the IP address of 26.10.20.2. (D) Any data destined for the 26.10.20.0/28 network is forwarded to the IP address of 217.46.33.48.

B. Any data destined for the 217.46.33.48/28 network is forwarded to the IP address of 26.10.20.2. This command adds a static route for a subnetted network of 217.56.33.48/28 and specifies that traffic destined for that network should be sent to 26.10.20.2.

You are the administrator for a small network made up of two routers. What is a quick method you can use to configure routing between all networks? (A) Build static routes to all unknown routes on each router. (B) Configure the GWLR on both routers to point to one another. (C) Configure NAT overload on the first router and Static NAT on the second router. (D) Configure access lists to allow traffic to route between the networks.

B. Configure the GWLR on both routers to point to one another. In order to have each router send data to networks it is unaware of, you can configure the GWLR for each router to reference one another. For example, when RouterA does not know what to do with a packet it could forward to RouterB, and when RouterB does not know what to do with a packet it could be sending to RouterA.

What does the following entry in the routing table signify? S* 0.0.0.0 [1/0] via 56.0.0.1 (A) DNS server (B) Gateway of last resort (C) NAT-enabled router (D) Address of the DHCP enabled router

B. Gateway of last resort The gateway of last resort shows as an entry in the routing table with the destination network ID of 0.0.0.0.

Which of the following represents an advantage of static routing? (A) Less administrative burden over dynamic routing (B) No network bandwidth is being used by protocols sharing routing tables (C) Easier to configure on the network than dynamic routing (D) Uses a higher administrative distance than dynamic routing protocols

B. No network bandwidth is being used by protocols sharing routing tables One of the major benefits of static routing is that the administrator configures the routing tables, which means that the routers do not need to generate network traffic and share routing table information in order to build up each other's routing tables.

Which of the following describes the gateway of last resort? (A) It is the address of the device on the network that converts FQDNs to IP addresses. (B) The address that your router will forward a packet to when it does not have a route for that packet. (C) It is the address of the device that translates private addresses to public addresses. (D) It is the address of the router that shares routing table information on the network.

B. The address that your router will forward a packet to when it does not have a route for that packet. The gateway of last resort is a default route that you can add to the router so that it forwards all packets for unknown destinations to a particular router that will then forward the packets on, using its routing table.

You are the administrator for router R1 and have configured a static route to the 216.83.11.0 network. Your company has loaded RIPv1 on all the routers on the network, and router R2 shares knowledge of a route to the 216.83.11.0 network with a RIP update. Which route will your router use? (A) The default route (B) The static route (C) The RIPv1 route (D) The GWLR

B. The static route Because a static route has a lower administrative distance than a dynamic route, the router will trust and use the static route over the dynamically learned route.

The router will use the route that has the ______ administrative distance. (A) highest (B) lowest

B. lowest The route with the lowest administrative distance is always used. If there are two routes with the same administrative distance that could be used, the metric value is used.

What command is used to view your routing table? (A) ip route show (B) show ip route (C) show route table (D) table route show

B. show ip route The command to view your routing table is the show ip route command.

What is the administrative distance of RIPv1? (A) 1 (B) 100 (C) 120 (D) 0

C. 120 The administrative distance, which is trustworthiness value of the route, is 120 for RIPv1 and RIPv2. The lower the administrative distance, the more preference the router puts on that route when there are two routes to the same destination.

What routes exist by default on your router? (A) Static routes (B) Dynamic routes (C) Connected routes (D) Gateway of last resort route

C. Connected routes Connected routes exist by default in your routing table and are routes that are there because the router is connected to those networks.

Using the following output, how will data be sent to 26.13.45.222? ROUTER87#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, ... (Additional codes omitted for briefness) Gateway of last resort is not set S 29.0.0.0 [1/0] via 26.0.0.2 C 26.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0 C 25.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 (A) It will be sent out Fast Ethernet0/1 (B) It will be sent to 26.0.0.2 (C) It will be sent out Serial 0/0/0 (D) It will be sent out Serial 0/0/1

C. It will be sent out Serial 0/0/0 In this example, the packet is headed to the 26.0.0.0 network, so when the router consults the routing table it will see the 26.0.0.0 network as a destination route and that it can reach that network by sending the data out the serial 0/0/0 interface.

Tom, one of the network administrators in your office, types the following command into the router. Which of the following statements is true as a result of the command? Ip route 200.45.7.64 255.255.255.224 22.202.33.10 10 (A) Packets destined for 200.45.7.98 will be forwarded to 22.202.33.10. (B) The command configures a GWLR of 22.202.33.10. (C) Packets destined for 200.45.7.89 will be forwarded to 22.202.33.10. (D) The hop count to the destination network is 10.

C. Packets destined for 200.45.7.89 will be forwarded to 22.202.33.10. In this question, you are adding a static route for a subnetted network. The first step is to determine the range of the subnet. The subnet range is from 200.45.7.64 to 200.45.7.95 (increment of 32). This makes C a correct answer because the explanation falls into that range.

Which routing feature has an administrative distance of 120? (A) Static (B) Connected (C) RIP (D) OSPF

C. RIP The RIP routing protocol has an administrative distance of 120.

Your manager asks you what the purpose of a default route is on the router. What would you say? (A) The default route takes precedence over the static route. (B) The default route takes precedence over the RIPv2 routes. (C) The default route is used when there is no other route to the destination. (D) The default route takes precedence over the RIPv1 route.

C. The default route is used when there is no other route to the destination. You can configure a default route, also known as the gateway of last resort (GWLR), on the router so that when the router receives a packet to a destination network it has no route for, the router will use the default route as a way to deliver the packet.

Which of the following represents one of the downfalls of static routes? (A) They are shared automatically with neighboring routers. (B) They are shared automatically with the entire network. (C) They are manually configured by the router administrator. (D) They generate network traffic to broadcast knowledge of the route.

C. They are manually configured by the router administrator. When working with static routing as the network administrator, you are responsible for configuring each individual route on each router. If you work for a company with a large number of subnets/networks, then this could be a huge administrative burden.

You are configuring router on the stick so the router will route traffic between VLAN 10 and VLAN 20. You configure the sub-interfaces with the following commands. During testing, you notice that the router is not routing between the VLANs. What is missing? interface fa0/0.20 ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 interface fa0/0.10 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 (A) You need to configure each sub-interface as a trunk port. (B) You need to configure a different subnet mask on each interface. (C) You need to enable dot1q and specify the VLAN on each interface. (D) You need to configure both interfaces for the same network ID.

C. You need to enable dot1q and specify the VLAN on each interface. When setting up each of the sub-interfaces, you need to specify the encapsulation protocol to use for VLAN tagging and the VLAN ID that the interface is part of. The commands should look like this: interface fa0/0.20 encapsulation dot1q 20 #interface responds for VLAN 20 ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 interface fa0/0.10 encapsulation dot1q 10 #interface responds to packets for VLAN 20 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0

You are configuring router on a stick. Which of the following commands would create a subinterface on the router? (A) create sub-interface 20 (B) sub-interface fa0/0.20 (C) interface fa0/0.20 (D) config sub-interface 20

C. interface fa0/0.20 In order to create a sub-interface, you would use the interface command and reference the physical interface followed by a. (dot) and then a unique number to represent the interface. For example: Interface fa0/0.20

You have configured static routing on your router and would like to remove an entry from the routing table. What command would you use? (A) delete 27.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 (B) disable 27.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 (C) no ip route 27.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 26.0.0.2 (D) undo route 27.0.0.0 255.0.0.0

C. no ip route 27.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 26.0.0.2 In order to remove a route, you would use the no ip route command and then specify the routing information.

What is the administrative distance of a connected route? (A) 1 (B) 100 (C) 120 (D) 0

D. 0 The administrative distance of a connected route is the lowest (0) because it is the most trustworthy type of route.

Using the following output, how will data be sent to 29.66.84.2? ROUTER87#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, ... (Additional codes omitted for briefness) Gateway of last resort is not set S 29.0.0.0 [1/0] via 26.0.0.2 C 26.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0 C 25.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 (A) Data will be sent out Serial0/0/0. (B) Data will be sent out FastEthernet0/1. (C) Data will be sent out Serial0/0/1. (D) Data will be sent to 26.0.0.2.

D. Data will be sent to 26.0.0.2. Looking at the results of the show ip route command on the router, you can see the routing table. In the routing table, it is showing that there is a static route for the 29.0.0.0 network and traffic is to be sent to 26.0.0.2 to reach that network.

What type of memory stores the routing table on Cisco routers? (A) ROM (B) NVRAM (C) Flash (D) RAM

D. RAM The routing table is stored in volatile memory ( VRAM, also known as RAM) and is retained through reboots only because it is rebuilt from the startup-config.

You type the following command into the router. Which of the following statements is true as a result of the command? Ip route 200.45.7.0 255.255.255.224 22.202.33.10 10 (A) Packets destined for 200.45.7.98 will be forwarded to 22.202.33.10. (B) The command configures a GWLR of 22.202.33.10. (C) Packets destined for 200.45.7.45 will be forwarded to 22.202.33.10. (D) The administrative distance to the destination network is 10.

D. The administrative distance to the destination network is 10. The IP route command is used to add a route to the routing table. The syntax is: Ip route <dest_net> <dest_mask> <next_hop> <admin_distance> Therefore, the command shown is setting up a route for the 200.45.7.0 network with an administrative distance of 10. Also note that this question is working with a subnetted scenario, which means that the only addresses that would be routed due to this route are 200.45.7.0 - 200.45.7.31.

You would like to configure the GWLR to forward traffic to your ISP_s router, which uses the IP address of 145.66.77.99. What command would you use? (A) ip route 145.66.77.99 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 (B) ip route 145.66.77.99 255.255.0.0 0.0.0.0 (C) ip route 145.66.77.99 255.255.0.0 145.66.77.99 (D) ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 145.66.77.99

D. ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 145.66.77.99 When you configure the Gateway of Last Resort (GWLR), you configure a static route to the 0.0.0.0 network with a subnet mask of 0.0.0.0 and then specify where to send the traffic for unknown destinations.

What command adds a static route? (A) ip route 35.0.0.0 22.0.0.1 (B) route add 35.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 22.0.0.1 (C) route add 35.0.0.0 22.0.0.1 (D) ip route 35.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 22.0.0.1

D. ip route 35.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 22.0.0.1 In order to add a static route to the routing table, you use the ip route command and then specify the destination network ID, destination subnet mask, and the next hop where the router is to forward information for that network.

The Problems You'll Work On In this chapter, you'll review questions concerning the following topics: ✓ Understanding routing concepts ✓ Configuring static routing ✓ Configuring the gateway of last resort ✓ Configuring router on a stick

What to Watch Out For Don't let common mistakes trip you up; watch for the following when working with these questions: ✓ A static route is one that is manually added to the router's routing table. You can use the ip route command to add a static route to the routing table. You can delete a route from the routing table using the no ip route command. When troubleshooting routing issues, use the show ip route command to view the routing table. ✓ Routes have an administrative distance associated with them which indicates the trustworthiness of the knowledge of the route. The lower the administrative distance, the more trustworthy the knowledge is. ✓ The gateway of last resort (GWLR) feature can be configured on your router so that your router will forward all packets that it has no destination route for to a different router. To configure the GWLR, you use the ip route command to add a route to the 0.0.0.0 network. ✓ You can connect a switch to a router and have the router route traffic through the VLANs using the router on a stick feature. In order to configure router on a stick, you would create sub-interfaces on the router and enable dot1q as the tagging protocol, along with the VLAN ID, for each sub-interface. You would then configure the switch to use the port with the connection to the router as a trunk port so that it can carry all the VLAN traffic across the port.