1.02 - Inorganic Chemistry
Which term is used to describe a molecule that acts as an electron acceptor during an oxidation-reduction reaction? Multiple choice question. Reducing agent Isomer Oxidizing agent Ionizing agent
Oxidizing agent
What term refers to a covalent bond in which the electrons are not equally shared? Multiple choice question. Ionic Nonpolar Polar Anionic
Polar
Name the type of chemical reaction in which one or more electrons are added to a molecule. Multiple choice question. Reduction Oxidation
Reduction
Which term refers specifically to a type of reaction in which a molecule gains one or more electrons? Multiple choice question. Reduction Catabolic Oxidation Exergonic
Reduction
Which type of bond listed below is the weakest? Multiple choice question. Van der Waals forces Hydrogen bonds Ionic bonds Covalent bonds
Van der Waals forces
A compound that dissociates in water, producing a solution that conducts electricity, is known as a(n) _____.
electrolyte
A(n) _____ dissociates in water and produces a solution that can conduct electricity.
electrolyte
An oxidation-reduction reaction is defined as a chemical reaction that involves the transfer of ______ between molecules. Your answer should be one word.
electrons
Water molecules are weakly attracted to each other through ______ bonds. Multiple choice question. ionic polar covalent nonpolar covalent hydrogen
hydrogen
To a certain point, increasing the concentration of reactants in a solution will ______ the rate of the reaction. Multiple choice question. decrease increase
increase
Up to a point, increasing the temperature of a solution will ______ the rate of reactions. Multiple choice question. increase decrease
increase
When a sodium atom loses an electron, it becomes a sodium ______. Multiple choice question. molecule ion compound isomer
ion
A chemical bond that involves the attraction of a cation to an anion is called a(n) _____ bond.
ionic
Molecules with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of their atoms are known as _____.
isomers
Molecules with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of their atoms are known as ______.
isomers
The measure of chemical concentration, expressed as moles of solute per liter of solution, is known as ______.
molarity
The number of molecules of a chemical that is equal to its molecular weight in grams, is a(n) .
mole
The number of molecules of a chemical that is equal to its molecular weight in grams, is a(n) ______.
mole
A(n) _____ is composed of two or more atoms that are held together by chemical bonds.
molecule
In a(n) ______ reaction a molecule loses one or more electrons.
oxidation
Solvency, cohesion, adhesion, hydrogen bonding, chemical reactivity, and thermal stability are all important properties of ______ and account for its ability to support life.
water
The abbreviation ______ is a measurement of acidity derived from the concentration of H+.
pH
A hydrogen bond is a weak attraction between a slightly ______ hydrogen atom of one molecule and a slightly ______ oxygen or nitrogen atom of another.
positive; negative
Van der Waals forces are important in ______. Multiple select question. protein folding the solvent properties of water the association of lipid molecules within cell membranes binding proteins to each other
protein folding the association of lipid molecules within cell membranes binding proteins to each other
In general, a process that involves the formation or breakdown of molecules is called a chemical ______.
reaction
_____ is the study of the molecules and chemical reactions that occur in living cells.
Biochemistry
Substances that resist changes in pH are known as ______.
buffers
A cation has a net _____ charge.
positive
Hydrophobic means that a substance is insoluble in ______.
water
Hydrogen has an atomic weight of 1amu and oxygen has an atomic weight of 16amu. What is the molecular weight of water (H2O)? Multiple choice question. 12amu 32amu 2amu 18amu
18amu
A double covalent bond involves how many pair(s) of shared electrons? Multiple choice question. 3 1 4 2
2
If an atom has 2 electrons in its innermost shell and 3 electrons in its outmost shell, how many valence electrons does it have? Multiple choice question. 5 3 1 2
3
Which of the following best describes what occurs in a decomposition reaction? Multiple choice question. Water forms from hydrogen and oxygen. Atoms are traded between molecules. A molecule is broken down into smaller parts. Two or more atoms bond together to form a molecule.
A molecule is broken down into smaller parts.
What is an ion? Multiple choice question. An atom with too many or too few neutrons An atom with an unstable nucleus An atom that emits radiation An atom that has gained or lost electrons
An atom that has gained or lost electrons
Metabolic reactions that use energy and build more complex molecules from less complex molecules are considered which type of reaction? Multiple choice question. Oxidation Decomposition Catabolic Anabolic
Anabolic
Which type of reaction is endergonic? Multiple choice question. Catabolic Anabolic
Anabolic
What is the term for an ion with a net negative charge (more electrons than protons)? Multiple choice question. Cation Isotope Anion Electron
Anion
Which term refers to a negatively charged ion? Multiple choice question. Electron Cation Anion Proton
Anion
Which are examples of electrolytes? Multiple select question. Glucose Bases Salts Acids
Bases Salts Acids
A pH of 7.5 is considered to be which of the following? Multiple choice question. Basic Neutral Acidic
Basic
A pH of 7.5 is considered to be which of the following? Multiple choice question. Neutral Basic Acidic
Basic
Solution A prevents solution C from changing its pH. Solution A is therefore a what? Multiple choice question. Suspension Buffer Colloid Base
Buffer
The term anabolism specifically applies to metabolic reactions that do which of the following? Multiple choice question. Transfer electrons between molecules Release energy Break large molecules down into smaller ones Build large molecules from small molecules
Build large molecules from small molecules
Which type of reaction is always exergonic? Multiple choice question. Catabolic Synthesis Redox Anabolic
Catabolic
Which term applies to metabolic decomposition reactions that release energy? Multiple choice question. Anabolism Synthesis Catabolism Oxidation
Catabolism
What type of ion has lost an electron and, consequently, has a net positive charge? Multiple choice question. Isotope Cation Isomer Anion
Cation
______ energy is the potential energy stored in bonds of molecules.
Chemical
Which term refers to an attractive force caused by the sharing or transfer of electrons? Multiple choice question. Adhesion Radiation Hydrolysis Chemical bond
Chemical bond
Which term can apply to a molecule composed of two or more different elements? Multiple choice question. Mixture Compound Atom Isomer
Compound
Which of the terms below can be applied to glucose (C6H12O6)? Multiple select question. Compound Atom Element Molecule
Compound Molecule
Which type of bond is formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms? Multiple choice question. Covalent Ionic Hydrogen
Covalent
A chemical reaction in which a larger molecule is broken down into smaller ones is which type of reaction? Multiple choice question. Exchange Decomposition Synthesis Anabolic
Decomposition
Which of the following is most likely to decrease the rate of a chemical reaction? Multiple select question. Increase concentration of reactants Decrease concentration of reactants Increase temperature Decrease temperature
Decrease concentration of reactants Decrease temperature
Which of the following is most likely to decrease the rate of a chemical reaction? Multiple select question. Increase temperature Increase concentration of reactants Decrease temperature Decrease concentration of reactants
Decrease temperature Decrease concentration of reactants
Which subatomic particle does not contribute significantly to the mass of an atom? Multiple choice question. Proton Electron Neutron
Electron
Which of the following best describes a polar covalent bond? Multiple choice question. Brief fluctuations in electron density create oppositely charged regions in two atoms that then attract one another. Electrons are shared equally between two atoms. Electrons are transferred from one atom to another to generate oppositely charged ions that are attracted to one another. Electrons are shared unequally between two atoms.
Electrons are shared unequally between two atoms.
Which of the following best describes a polar covalent bond? Multiple choice question. Brief fluctuations in electron density create oppositely charged regions in two atoms that then attract one another. Electrons are transferred from one atom to another to generate oppositely charged ions that are attracted to one another. Electrons are shared unequally between two atoms. Electrons are shared equally between two atoms.
Electrons are shared unequally between two atoms.
Which term defines the simplest form of matter to have unique chemical properties? Multiple choice question. Proton Element Molecule Neutron
Element
Which term applies to anabolic reactions? Multiple choice question. Endergonic Oxidation Decomposition Exergonic
Endergonic
Catabolic reactions release energy. Because of this, they can be classified as which of the following? Multiple choice question. Exergonic Endergonic Metabolic Anabolic
Exergonic
True or false: Consider this scenario: A reversible reaction is in equilibrium. This means that the amount of product will be equal to the amount of reactant.
False
True or false: Some catalysts speed up reactions, while other catalysts slow down reactions.
False
What term can be used to describe any molecule that is non-polar and does not dissolve in water? Multiple choice question. Hydrophilic Isotonic Hydrophobic
Hydrophobic
Which term can be used to describe any potential energy available in a system to do work? Multiple choice question. Thermal energy Kinetic energy Free energy Chemical energy
Free energy
pH is a measurement of the concentration of what? Multiple choice question. Anions Cations Hydroxyl ions Hydrogen ions
Hydrogen ions
Which term refers to polar molecules that dissolve in water? Multiple choice question. Amphipathic Acidic Hydrophilic Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic
Which of the following will, in general, increase the rate of a reaction? Multiple select question. Decreasing temperature Increasing temperature Increasing concentration of reactants Decreasing concentration of reactants
Increasing temperature Increasing concentration of reactants
Which type of chemical bond involves the exchange of electrons? Multiple choice question. Covalent Ionic Hydrogen Nonpolar
Ionic
Glucose and fructose both have the chemical formula C6H12O6. Which term below describes the relationship between glucose and fructose? Multiple choice question. Catalysts Free radicals Isotopes Isomers
Isomers
Which are true regarding metabolism? Multiple select question. It includes reactions where new molecules are synthesized. It can be defined as the sum of all of the chemical reactions in the body. It only takes place in muscle cells. It consists entirely of endergonic reactions that require an input of energy. It includes reactions where molecules are broken down.
It includes reactions where new molecules are synthesized. It can be defined as the sum of all of the chemical reactions in the body. It includes reactions where molecules are broken down.
Which of the following statements about the molecular weight of a molecule are true? Multiple select question. It is useful for calculating concentrations. It is measured in atomic mass units. It is equal to the number of atoms in the molecule. It is equal to the number of covalent bonds in the molecule. It is equal to the sum of the atomic weights.
It is useful for calculating concentrations. It is measured in atomic mass units. It is equal to the sum of the atomic weights.
The energy of motion is what type of energy? Multiple choice question. Free Kinetic Potential Chemical
Kinetic
______ energy is energy that is actively doing work.
Kinetic
Which of the following describes a catabolic reaction? Multiple choice question. Large protein molecules are broken down into smaller amino acids during digestion. Molecules of iron combine with oxygen, giving up electrons and forming iron oxide (rust). Small glucose molecules are linked together to form a larger molecule like starch.
Large protein molecules are broken down into smaller amino acids during digestion.
Which law specifically states that reactions proceed from the side of the reaction with the greater quantity to the side with the lesser quantity? Multiple choice question. Law of fluid dynamics Law of mass action Law of thermodynamics Law of mass conservation
Law of mass action
The term ______ refers to the sum of all the chemical reactions in the body.
Metabolism
Name the measure of concentration that takes into consideration the number of solute molecules. Multiple choice question. Weight per volume Molarity pH Percentages
Molarity
Which of the following would give you the molarity of a solution? Multiple choice question. Liters/gram Moles/liter Grams/mole Grams/liter
Moles/liter
Which term is used to describe a molecule that acts as an electron acceptor during an oxidation-reduction reaction? Multiple choice question. Oxidizing agent Isomer Ionizing agent Reducing agent
Oxidizing agent
What percentage of the body weight is made of oxygen? Multiple choice question. Less than 50% More than 50%
More than 50%
Choose the six most abundant (by weight) elements that account for 98.5% of the body weight. Multiple select question. Sulfur Magnesium Nitrogen Phosphorus Sodium Oxygen Calcium Carbon Potassium Hydrogen
Nitrogen Phosphorus Oxygen Calcium Carbon Hydrogen
In a carbon dioxide molecule, electrons are shared equally among the atoms. What type of bond do they form? Multiple choice question. Nonpolar covalent Polar covalent
Nonpolar covalent
Which term specifically applies to a reaction that involves the removal of electrons from a molecule? Multiple choice question. Anabolism Oxidation Catabolism Reduction
Oxidation
Which term specifically applies to a reaction that involves the removal of electrons from a molecule? Multiple choice question. Oxidation Catabolism Anabolism Reduction
Oxidation
Which term means a chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred between molecules? Multiple choice question. Metabolic reaction Catabolic reaction Equilibrium reaction Oxidation-reduction reaction
Oxidation-reduction reaction
Which molecule is reduced in an oxidation-reduction reaction? Multiple choice question. Oxidizing agent Reducing agent Solvent Catalyst
Oxidizing agent
Which molecule is reduced in an oxidation-reduction reaction? Multiple choice question. Solvent Catalyst Oxidizing agent Reducing agent
Oxidizing agent
Which term is used to describe a molecule that acts as an electron acceptor during an oxidation-reduction reaction? Multiple choice question. Oxidizing agent Ionizing agent Isomer Reducing agent
Oxidizing agent
Energy contained in an object due to its position or state is referred to as what type of energy? Multiple choice question. Electromagnetic Kinetic Thermal Potential
Potential
Which term refers to energy in a system that is not being used to do work? Multiple choice question. Activation Kinetic Potential Thermal
Potential
How is chemical energy defined? Multiple choice question. Kinetic energy due to the movement of molecules Energy required for a chemical reaction to occur Potential energy stored in the bonds of molecules Energy released by the decay of atomic nuclei
Potential energy stored in the bonds of molecules
Which term defines a substance that consists of a solute dissolved in a more abundant substance called the solvent? Multiple choice question. Suspension Solution Mixture Emulsion
Solution
In a solution, the more abundant substance that dissolves another substance is known as what? Multiple choice question. Oxidizing agent Solvent Colloid Electrolyte
Solvent
A chemical reaction in which two or more smaller molecules combine to form a larger molecule is what type of reaction? Multiple choice question. Synthesis Reversible Decomposition Exchange
Synthesis
Two amino acids are brought together to form a dipeptide. Which type of reaction is this? Multiple choice question. Exchange Decomposition Synthesis Hydrolysis
Synthesis
Which of the following is a definition of energy? Multiple choice question. The rate at which molecules are moving The capacity to do work The tendency of one substance to cling to another The formation of a chemical bond
The capacity to do work
Deuterium and tritium are isotopes of hydrogen. What is different about them? Multiple choice question. They have different numbers of neutrons. They have different numbers of protons. They have different atomic numbers. They have different numbers of electrons.
They have different numbers of neutrons.
How do catalysts affect reaction rates? Multiple choice question. They increase reaction rates. They have no effect on reaction rates. They decrease reaction rates.
They increase reaction rates.
To move something, one is required to do work. True false question. True False
True
True or false: A chemical reaction is a process in which a covalent or ionic bond is broken or formed.
True
True or false: A molecule may be composed of one element or more than one element.
True
A proton (H+) donor, or a chemical that releases protons into solution, is a(n) ______.
acid
HCl is a compound that releases hydrogen ions when put into water. Therefore, it is a(n) ______. Multiple choice question. base acid
acid
Solution B has a pH of 10. It is ______. Multiple choice question. acidic basic neutral
basic
Solution B has a pH of 10. It is ______. Multiple choice question. neutral acidic basic
basic
Covalent, ionic, and hydrogen are examples of ______ bonds
chemical
An input of ______ is required for a system to perform work.
energy
Reversible reactions exist in a state of chemical ______, in which the ratio of products to reactants is stable.
equilibrium
A reversible reaction continues as long as its products do not accumulate in the system. This is an example of the law of ______ action.
mass
The ability of water to dissolve other chemicals is ______. Multiple choice question. cohesion solvency adhesion surface tension
solvency
Saltwater is a solution of NaCl dissolved in water. In this example, NaCl is the solute and water is the ______.
solvent
Hydrophilic substances are soluble in ______.
water
In a solution, the solute ______, when the solution is allowed to stand. Multiple choice question. will separate from the solvent will not separate from the solvent
will not separate from the solvent
Energy is the capacity to do ______.
work