105E.1 Building Blocks of the Human Body

The process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones is:

Anabolism

example of metabolism?

Building up larger molecules from smaller ones, releasing energy to perform specific body functions and breaking down of larger molecules or substances into smaller ones are examples of metabolism.

The release of energy within a cell necessary for the performance of specific body functions is caused by:

Catabolism

T/F The process of cell growth and division is called the growth cycle.

False

What is another name for histology?

Microscopic anatomy

Organelles in the cytoplasm that take in nutrients, break them down and create ATP energy molecules for the cells is called:

Mitochondria

The tissue that contracts, when stimulated, to produce motion is known as:

Muscular tissue

Which type of tissue coordinates body functions in addition to carrying messages to and from the brain and spinal cord?

Nerve tissue

All of the following statements about mitochondria are correct except

Protein builder of the cell

The colorless, gel-like substance containing water, salt and nutrients that cells are composed of is referred to as:

Protoplasm

T/F Carbohydrates are converted to glucose for energy in the body, and excess carbohydrates can result in excess body fat.

True

Which area of science involves the study of the organs and systems of the body?

anatomy

A group of body structures which perform one or more vital functions for the body is called a:

body system

The organ that controls all body functions is the:

brain

The outer surface of the cell is known as the:

cell membrane

What are the basic units of living matter?

cells

Cell structures found in pairs near the nucleus are defined as:

centrioles

Which body system circulates blood through the body?

circulatory system

Which type of tissue supports, protects and holds the body together?

connective tissue

What is the function of the endocrine system?

controls release of hormones that affect hair growth, skin conditions and energy levels

What is the function of the digestive system?

converts nutrients to energy for the body.

What is the structure and function of epithelial tissue?

covers and protects the body surfaces and internal organs.

Most of the activities of the cell take place in the:

cytoplasm

The primary function of the excretory system is to:

eliminate waste/toxins from the body.

The study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye is called:

gross anatomy

What is the study of structures too small to be seen except through a microscope called?

histology

The body system that controls the sebaceous (oil) and sudoriferous (sweat) glands is referred to as the:

integumentary system

The chemical process in which cells receive nutrients for cell growth and reproduction is known as:

metabolism

The activity in which each cell absorbs food, grows in size and divides into two new cells is referred to as:

mitosis

What is the function of the muscular system?

move the body.

The body system that sends and receives body messages is called the:

nervous system.

The control center of cell activities is called the:

nucleus

What three basic parts are found in most human cells?

nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane

A separate body structure made up of tissue that performs a specific function as part of a system is a(n):

organ

The study of normal organ function and systems of the body is known as:

physiology

Which of the following systems provides the framework of the body?

skeletal system

Which of the organs of the body is the largest?

skin

Which primary organ of the lymphatic system filters old/non-functional red blood cells from the body?

spleen

The stomach and which other organ are responsible for digesting food?

stomach and intestines

Cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs and organs make up:

systems

Groups of cells of the same kind make up:

tissues