112-6 PEDIATRIC SKIN CONDITIONS & COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Which nursing action is appropriate when providing care to a pediatric patient who is on expanded contact precautions? 1) Using soap and water for hand hygiene 2) Wearing a mask when within 3 feet of the patient 3) Wearing shoe protection 4) Using alcohol-based sanitizer for hand hygiene

1) Using soap and water for hand hygiene Soap and water are the only means of implementing hand hygiene for this patient.

The pediatric nurse concludes parent teaching about children and influenza by asking: "How long does the incubation period for influenza last?" Which response by the parent indicates appropriate understanding? 1) 3 to 6 days 2) 1 to 2 days 3) 1 to 3 days 4) 4 to 6 days

3) 1 to 3 days Influenza is transmitted via droplets from person to person. The incubation period is typically 1 to 3 days, but young children may be infectious for up to 10 days prior to the onset of symptoms.

A mother brings in her 4-month-old infant for a routine checkup and vaccinations. The mother reports that her child was exposed to the flu. Which nursing action is accurate on the basis of the current data? 1) Withholding the DTaP vaccination but giving the others as scheduled 2) Giving the infant the flu vaccination but withholding the others 3) Giving the vaccinations as scheduled 4) Withholding the vaccinations

3) Giving the vaccinations as scheduled Giving the vaccine as scheduled will keep the infant properly immunized.

Papules, pustules that drain a honey colored drainage is typical of

Impetigo

A tender swelling of glands in front of and behind the ears

Mumps

Common name is mumps

Parotitis

Sterility in the male may occur if this disease is contracted in adulthood

Parotitis

Preventing infection is an important nursing intervention for patients with burns or any skin lesion.

True

Which parental statement regarding preventive strategies for insect bites and stings indicates the need for further education? 1) "If my child wears bright colors and floral prints when outdoors, she will blend in with the surroundings, and the stinging insects will not sting her." 2) "We should remove any items with standing water from our yard and surrounding area to prevent mosquito reproduction." 3) "My child can use insect repellent containing DEET of 10% or less." 4) "My child should avoid heavy colognes, perfumes, and soaps so that insects are not attracted to them."

1) "If my child wears bright colors and floral prints when outdoors, she will blend in with the surroundings, and the stinging insects will not sting her." Bright-colored clothing and floral prints attract insects. White and light-colored clothing should be worn. This statement requires clarification.

Which parental statement indicates to the nurse an accurate understanding regarding the care of a child with tinea capitis (ringworm of the scalp)? 1) "We will give the griseofulvin with milk or peanut butter." 2) "We're glad ringworm isn't transmitted from person to person." 3) "Once the lesion is gone, we can stop the griseofulvin." 4) "Well, at least we don't have to worry about the family cat getting ringworm."

1) "We will give the griseofulvin with milk or peanut butter." Parents are advised to give oral griseofulvin with fatty foods such as milk or peanut butter to enhance absorption.

Which is the priority nursing intervention for a 4-year-old patient brought to the emergency department (ED) for treatment of frostbite? 1) Administering analgesics 2) Immersing the hands in extremely warm water (48.9°C [120°F]) 3) Not removing clothing 4) Placing the extremity in a dependent position

1) Administering analgesics Administering analgesics to decrease the pain of the rewarming process is the priority nursing action in this situation.

Which nursing action is accurate when applying a 5% permethrin lotion to a toddler with scabies? 1) Applying the lotion to the scalp, the forehead, and everywhere below the chin 2) Applying the lotion only to areas with evidence of activity 3) Applying the lotion only to the hands 4) Applying the lotion only to the scalp

1) Applying the lotion to the scalp, the forehead, and everywhere below the chin Treatment of scabies involves application of a scabicide, such as 5% permethrin lotion, over the entire body from the chin down. The scabicide is also applied to the scalp and forehead of younger children, avoiding the rest of the face.

Which skin conditions should the nurse identify as having a genetic or inherited component during a presentation to the staff nurses who work in the integument clinic? (Select all that apply.) 1) Atopic dermatitis 2) Seborrheic dermatitis 3) Epidermolysis bullosa 4) Molluscum contagiosum 5) Psoriasis

1) Atopic dermatitis: Atopic dermatitis is an allergic skin disorder. Allergies have an inherited component. 3) Epidermolysis bullosa: Epidermolysis bullosa is inherited either as autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive, depending on type. 5) Psoriasis: Psoriasis is usually seen in clients with a family history. A multifactorial inheritance is suspected.

Which is the most likely cause for a bright red perianal inflammation with scaly plaques and small papules noted by the nurse during the assessment of a 12-month-old infant? 1) Candida albicans (yeast) 2) Impetigo (Staphylococcus) 3) Infrequent diapering 4) Urine and feces

1) Candida albicans (yeast) C albicans is frequently the underlying cause of severe diaper rash. When a primary or secondary infection with C albicans occurs, the rash has bright red, scaly plaques with sharp margins. Small papules and pustules might be seen along with satellite lesions.

Which topics should be included in a teaching session with parents of school-aged children to prevent sunburn? (Select all that apply.) 1) Playing in the shade 2) Wearing a hat while outdoors 3) Restricting outside activities between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. 4) Using sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher 5) Avoiding sunglasses

1) Playing in the shade: The nurse should recommend that school-aged children play in the shade while outdoors to decrease the risk for sunburn. 2) Wearing a hat while outdoors: The nurse should recommend that school-aged children wear a hat while outdoors to decrease the risk for sunburn. 4) Using sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher: The nurse should recommend that school-aged children use sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher to decrease the risk for sunburn.

The pediatric nurse is assessing a wound on a preschool-aged child's leg and notes that the site is pink with the formation of new epithelial cells. Based on these data, which term does the nurse use to describe the current stage of healing? 1) Proliferation 2) Inflammation 3) Restoration 4) Remodeling

1) Proliferation Proliferation is the second phase of healing, in which blood flow is reestablished to the site and natural debridement occurs. This phase, lasting 2 days to 3 weeks, occurs when the wound contracts and a fine layer of epithelial cells cover the site of new collagen.

Which should the nurse include in the plan of care for a child with a minor burn to enhance nutrition and healing? 1) Protein 2) Minerals 3) Carbohydrates 4) Fats

1) Protein Parents should be taught that management of a minor burn requires a high-calorie, high-protein diet. This is necessary to meet the increased nutritional requirements of healing.

The nurse is providing care to a child diagnosed with impetigo. The child's parents ask what caused this to occur. Which organism does the nurse include when educating the parents about impetigo? 1) Staphylococcus aureus 2) Human papillomavirus (HPV) 3) Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4) Escherichia coli

1) Staphylococcus aureus Impetigo may be caused by S aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes (S pyogenes) or both. On rare occasions, another bacterium may be responsible for the skin infection.

A child who has not had a tetanus immunization steps on a rusty nail. Which term should the nurse use to identify the tetanus immunization when teaching the parents about the vaccine? 1) Toxoid 2) Live virus 3) Killed virus 4) Recombinant

1) Toxoid Toxoids are chemicals normally associated with a disease that stimulate the production of immunity. A tetanus immunization is an example of a toxoid vaccine.

A 4-month-old infant is brought to the clinic to have a second diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine. The infant's mother states that the infant has had a runny nose for the last 2 days but no fever. Prior to administering the infant's immunization, which question from the nurse to the mother is the most appropriate? 1) "Weren't you aware that your baby can't get immunizations when experiencing a runny nose?" 2) "Did your baby have any reaction following the first DTaP?" 3) "Did you bring your baby's immunization record with you today?" 4) "Did you remember to premedicate your infant with steroids?"

2) "Did your baby have any reaction following the first DTaP?" Safe administration of vaccines requires the nurse to screen for contraindications and precautions prior to administration. There are very few real contraindications to vaccinations. Only one universal contraindication exists to all vaccines, that is, previous severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to the vaccine or its component of vaccine. This can be assessed by asking the mother if her son had any reaction to the first immunization.

A 10-year-old child is admitted to the hospital following an accident at school that resulted in a puncture wound of the abdomen. Two days after the injury, the child continues in the inflammation phase of healing. What does the nurse expect to see while changing the child's dressing and assessing the wound? 1) The wound is contracting, and the edges are growing together. 2) A blood clot has formed, sealing the wound. 3) Epithelial cells are growing into the wound. 4) The wound is pale and weepy.

2) A blood clot has formed, sealing the wound. Clot formation to seal the wound with fibrin and trapped cells and platelets occurs during the inflammation phase of wound healing, in the first 3 to 5 days.

When conducting a child's physical assessment, the pediatric nurse recognizes that the child's "slapped cheek" facial rash is associated with which virus? 1) Epstein-Barr 2) Fifth disease 3) Varicella-zoster 4) Hepatitis A

2) Fifth disease Fifth disease (caused by parvovirus B19) presents with three distinct stages. In the first stage, lasting 2 to 3 days, the child has mild systemic symptoms that mimic the flu. During the second stage, a deep red rash appears on the cheeks, giving the classic "slapped face" appearance.

The nurse explains to the parents of a child with a severe burn that wearing an elastic pressure garment (Jobst stocking) during the rehabilitative stage can help prevent which complication? 1) Pain 2) Hypertrophic scarring 3) Poor circulation 4) Formation of a thrombus in the burn area

2) Hypertrophic scarring During the rehabilitation stage, Jobst stockings, or pressure garments, are used to reduce development of hypertrophic scarring and contractures.

The nurse is teaching the parents of an infant diagnosed with candidiasis in the diaper area how to treat this occurrence and decrease the risk for future occurrences. Which teaching point does the nurse include in the teaching session? 1) Finishing all of the antiviral medication as prescribed 2) Keeping the diaper area as dry as possible 3) Changing to a lactose-free formula 4) Administering an oral antifungal liquid for prevention of future occurrences

2) Keeping the diaper area as dry as possible An infant diagnosed with a candidiasis skin infection in the diaper area is prescribed an antifungal cream to treat the current infection. The nurse educates the parents to keep the diaper area as dry and clean as possible and to use a moisture barrier cream.

The nurse is teaching parents how to prevent the spread of infectious disease. Which priority health promotion strategy should the nurse recommend for all age groups of children? 1) Decreasing environmental exposure to pathogens 2) Performing hand hygiene 3) Ensuring all toys are clean and free from germs 4) Keeping children away from sick adults

2) Performing hand hygiene Proper hand hygiene is one of the most important health promotion strategies for all age groups of children as well as child-care providers.

During the assessment of a child, the nurse notices the presence of vesicles that are oozing yellow fluid. Which term does the nurse use when documenting this finding in the medical record? 1) Bulla 2) Pustule 3) Wheal 4) Nodule

2) Pustule A pustule is a raised, superficial-like vesicle, but the fluid is purulent.

When evaluating a pediatric patient's laboratory data, the nurse knows that which blood cell component seeks out and destroys organisms that might cause disease? 1) Antibodies 2) T lymphocytes 3) Antigens 4) Neutrophils

2) T lymphocytes The white blood cells (leukocytes) are part of the defense system. There are two basic types: phagocytes (neutrophils are the most common and fight bacteria) and lymphocytes (B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes) seek out and destroy organisms that might cause disease.

Which adolescent statements indicate the need for further education related to the prevention and treatment of acne? (Select all that apply.) 1) "I should wash my face each day with an approved cleanser." 2) "I should wash my hands frequently and avoid touching my face." 3) "I should stay away from greasy foods such as pizza." 4) "I should shampoo my hair only once per week." 5) "I should use my topical medication only when acne is present."

3) "I should stay away from greasy foods such as pizza.": There is no evidence to suggest that greasy foods such as pizza cause acne. This statement indicates the need for further education. 4) "I should shampoo my hair only once per week.": Hair should be shampooed frequently because the oil in hair can cause acne. This statement indicates the need for further education. 5) "I should use my topical medication only when acne is present.": Prescribed topical medication should be used daily and spread over the entire face. This statement indicates the need for further education.

A new mother brings her infant to the clinic for a 1-month checkup. The mother confides that she has heard many concerns expressed by other parents about immunizations and is not sure that she wants her baby to receive any immunizations. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? 1) "Please write down all of your questions for the doctor." 2) "I can provide you with Web sites where you can get further information." 3) "Receiving advice from others can be challenging. Can you tell me your concerns?" 4) "We can talk about this further at your next appointment."

3) "Receiving advice from others can be challenging. Can you tell me your concerns?" Addressing family concerns regarding immunizations is an important role of the nurse. The nurse must recognize that the explosion of information about immunizations available via the Web has both benefits and disadvantages. Through the Web, parents are bombarded with information regarding the types and safety of immunizations. The nurse should therefore address any immediate concerns of parents as they are presented.

The pediatric nurse is providing a preschool-aged child's mother with information regarding impetigo. The mother is concerned about the possibility of passing the infection on to her other toddler-aged child. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate in this situation? 1) "I know that you are concerned about the health of both of your children. Your child has been prescribed 7 days of antibiotic therapy. After 24 hours of antibiotic therapy, you will not need to worry about any transmission of bacteria to your other child." 2) "Caring for both of your children right now will take more time than usual. Do you have anyone who can come and help you with their care?" 3) "To decrease the chance of exposing your younger child, both children must have all of their linens, towels, and toys washed to prevent the spread of disease. In addition, it is best to wash everyone's hands well." 4) "You need to concern yourself only with the child who has impetigo. It is important to ensure that all of the medication is taken and that all toys and linens are washed in the next 24 hours."

3) "To decrease the chance of exposing your younger child, both children must have all of their linens, towels, and toys washed to prevent the spread of disease. In addition, it is best to wash everyone's hands well." Keeping the child's skin clean as well as keeping the child well hydrated will decrease cracks and lesions in the skin that open the area to bacterial invasion. Good hand-washing and rigorous cleansing of shared toys in the family will decrease the spread of the bacteria. It is important to teach family members that they must not share personal items including bathroom towels, clothing, and bedding in order to prevent the spread of the bacteria within the family.

An adolescent patient has blood drawn by the clinic nurse for laboratory studies confirming an infection with the Epstein-Barr virus. The clinic nurse is teaching the adolescent and parents about the appropriate treatment. Along with rest and acetaminophen (Tylenol) for pharyngitis, which other point does the nurse include in the educational session? 1) Tepid baths three times a day 2) Oral care and the use of mouthwash 3) An extended absence from contact sports 4) Frequent follow-up clinic appointments

3) An extended absence from contact sports The Epstein-Barr virus is responsible for infectious mononucleosis, which is communicable during the actual phase of the illness (7 to 10 days). During the initial disease phase, the spleen may become enlarged. Because rupture is possible, the nurse must not palpate the spleen or place any pressure over the area. Contact sports are contraindicated because of the possibility of a ruptured spleen.

Which personal protective equipment (PPE) should the nurse don when providing care within 3 feet of a pediatric patient who is on droplet precautions? 1) Gown 2) Gloves 3) Mask 4) Eye shield

3) Mask A face mask must be worn when providing care within 3 feet of a child who is on droplet precautions.

A mother refuses to have her child immunized with the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine because she believes that letting her infant get these diseases will help him fight off other diseases later in life. Which is an appropriate response by the nurse? 1) Telling the mother that by not immunizing the child, she may be exposing pregnant women to the virus, which could cause fetal harm 2) Honoring the mother's request because she is the parent 3) Telling the mother that she is wrong and should have her child immunized 4) Explaining the potential complications of measles, mumps, and rubella infections

4) Explaining the potential complications of measles, mumps, and rubella infections Explaining that if her child contracts measles, mumps, or rubella, he or she could have very serious and permanent complications from these diseases is correct; measles, mumps, and rubella all have potentially serious sequelae, such as encephalitis, brain damage, and deafness.

A parent reports that her 5-year-old child, who has had all the recommended immunizations, had a mild fever 1 week ago and now has bright red cheeks and a lacy red maculopapular rash on the trunk and arms. Which diagnosis does the nurse anticipate on the basis of the current data? 1) Rubeola (measles) 2) German measles (rubella) 3) Chickenpox (varicella) 4) Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum)

4) Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum) Fifth disease manifests first with a flu-like illness, followed by a red slapped cheek sign. Then a lacy maculopapular erythematous rash spreads symmetrically from the trunk to the extremities, sparing the soles and palms.

Which is the priority intervention when planning care for an infant who is diagnosed with eczema? 1) Applying antibiotics to lesions 2) Keeping the baby content 3) Maintaining adequate nutrition 4) Preventing infection of lesions

4) Preventing infection of lesions Nursing care should focus on preventing infection of lesions. Because of impaired skin barrier function and cutaneous immunity, an infant with eczema is at greater risk for the development of skin infections by organisms.

Which finding noted by the school nurse while conducting pediculosis capitis (head lice) checks indicates the need for treatment? 1) White, flaky particles throughout the scalp region 2) Lesions on the scalp that extend to the hairline or neck 3) Maculopapular lesions behind the ears 4) Silver/white sacs attached to the hair shafts in the occipital area

4) Silver/white sacs attached to the hair shafts in the occipital area Evidence of pediculosis capitis includes silver/white sacs (nits) that are attached to the hair shafts, frequently in the occiput area.

A toddler pulled a pot of boiling water off the stove and suffered partial and full-thickness burns to the chest. The child is now in the recovery-management phase of burn treatment. Which common complication should the nurse assess this client for on the basis of the current data? 1) Asphyxia 2) Metabolic acidosis 3) Shock 4) Wound infection

4) Wound infection Infection of the burned area is a frequent complication in the recovery-management phase. A goal of burn-wound care is protection from infection.

In this disease Kolpik's spots appear in the oral mucosa

Rubeola

Crust:

Scab.

Tinea Capitus:

Scalp

The serious disorder in which the lesions are all in the same stage in 24 hours

Small pox (variola)

The mother of a 13-year-old is upset because the child had a tattoo placed on the upper arm. What should the nurse instruct this mother? a. Apply sunblock over the tattoo b. Cleanse the area with rubbing alcohol c. Wash the area with hot water and soap d. Dab the area with hydrogen peroxide daily

a. Apply sunblock over the tattoo Sunblock lotion or cream should always be applied to a tattoo. Solutions with hydrogen peroxide or alcohol should not be used as they may cause an interference with healing. The tattoo site should be cleansed with mild soap and water daily. A child with a new tattoo should not swim, soak in baths, or use a hot tub until the skin on the tattoo is completely healed.

Eczema is actually a symptom of what rather than a disorder. a. allergies b. infection c. irritation d. edema

a. allergies

A 4-month-old infant is brought to the clinic to have a second diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine. The infant's mother states that the infant has had a runny nose for the last 2 days but no fever. Prior to administering the infant's immunization, which question from the nurse to the mother is the most appropriate? a. "Weren't you aware that your baby can't get immunizations when experiencing a runny nose?" b. "Did your baby have any reaction following the first DTaP?" c. "Did you bring your baby's immunization record with you today?" d. "Did you remember to premedicate your infant with steroids?"

b. "Did your baby have any reaction following the first DTaP?"

The nurse is teaching first aid measures to a group of adolescents about appropriate treatment for burns. The nurse should anticipate the need for further teaching when one of the adolescents makes which statement? a. "It is appropriate to keep the victim warm." b. "It is appropriate to place butter on the burn." c. "It is appropriate to remove burned clothing and any jewelry." d. "It is appropriate to place the victim in the horizontal position."

b. "It is appropriate to place butter on the burn."

The nurse is teaching the parents of an infant diagnosed with candidiasis in the in the diaper area and how to treat this occurrence and decrease the risk for future occurrences. Which teaching point does the nurse include in the teaching session? a. Finishing all of the antiviral medication as prescribed b. Keeping the diaper area as dry as possible c. Changing to a lactose-free formula d. Administering an oral antifungal liquid for prevention of future occurrences

b. Keeping the diaper area as dry as possible

The nurse is teaching parents how to prevent the spread of infectious disease. Which priority health promotion strategy should the nurse recommend for all age groups of children? a. Decreasing environmental exposure to pathogens b. Performing hand hygiene c. Ensuring all toys are clean and free from germs d. Keeping children away from sick adults

b. Performing hand hygiene

The 16-year-old client presents to the dermatology clinic with a diagnosis of acne vulgaris. The client says to the nurse, "I don't know what else to do! I wash my face twice a day. I wear noncomedogenic makeup. I shower after I work out. I guess I'm just going to have acne on my face forever." Which responses by the nurse would be most appropriate? Select all that apply. [mark all correct answers] a. "You need to try witch hazel." b. "I understand. When I was your age, I had acne problems, too." c. "You feel like there's nothing else you can do to cure your acne." d. "Your acne really isn't that bad! Our last client's acne was much worse." e. "You seem frustrated by your acne. Please tell me what it is about your acne that is frustrating."

c. "You feel like there's nothing else you can do to cure your acne." e. "You seem frustrated by your acne. Please tell me what it is about your acne that is frustrating."

Which personal protective equipment (PPE) should the nurse don when providing care within 3 feet of a pediatric patient who is on droplet precautions? a. Gown b. Gloves c. Mask d. Eye shield

c. Mask

A 2- month-old baby has been given the rotavirus vaccine. What should the nurse emphasize to the parents? a. Isolate the child for 2 months b. Wash hands with antibacterial soap c. Special precautions are not required d. Live virus can be expelled through the stool

c. Special precautions are not required

Diaper dermatitis can be prevented by all of the following except: a. changing diapers frequently b. wash the perineal area w/ warm water w/ each diaper change c. heavily coating the perineal area w/ baby powder d. drying gently following washing

c. heavily coating the perineal area w/ baby powder

A nursing student is assigned to help administer immunizations to children in a clinic. The nursing instructor asks the student about the contraindications to receiving an immunization. Immunization is contraindicated in the presence of which condition? a. A cold b. Otitis media c. Mild diarrhea d. A severe febrile illness

d. A severe febrile illness

The mother of a toddler is upset because the child experiences rashes in the winter. What should the nurse suggest to help with this skin condition? a. Apply rubbing alcohol over the rash b. Use a poly vinyl snow suit when out of doors c. Wash with hot water and antimicrobial soap d. Ensure clothing fits loosely and is made of cotton

d. Ensure clothing fits loosely and is made of cotton Clothing should be loose fitting and made of cotton. Rubbing alcohol, hot water, and soap will aggravate the rash. Synthetic material should be avoided since this will trap moisture.

The nurse provides instructions to the mother of a child with impetigo regarding the application of antibiotic ointment. The mother asks the nurse when the child can return to school. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? a. Ten days after using the antibiotic ointment b. One week after using the antibiotic ointment c. As soon as the antibiotic ointment is started d. Forty-eight hours after using the antibiotic ointment

d. Forty-eight hours after using the antibiotic ointment

While providing anticipatory guidance to family of a 9-month-old, the immunization record should demonstrate that the child has received which of the following: a. Hepatitis B series only b. Measles, mumps, & rubella (MMR), diptheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP) and PCV c. Measles, mumps, & rubella (MMR), hepatitis B, and Hib d. Hepatitis B, diptheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP), Hib, IPV, and PCV

d. Hepatitis B, diptheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP), Hib, IPV, and PCV

Stye:

Inflammation of the sebaceous gland of the eyelid.

Did you know that the skin is the body's first line of defense against disease?

It prevents the passage of harmful agents into the body, prevents the loss of water & electrolytes, and can also regenerate itself.

In most children this vaccine is given at age 15 months and again before kindergarten

MMR

Blistered, red, painful describes which stage of burn

Partial thickness 2nd degree

This combination vaccine eliminates 6 injections over 2 years

Pediarix (DTaP, Hep B, Polio)

The medical term for head lice

Pediculosis capitus

A noisy gaspy cough that typically ends w/ a whoop

Pertussis

Common name is whooping cough

Pertussis

Serious disease that can result in Paralysis

Polio

Wheal:

Raised red, irregular (mosquito bite, allergic reaction).

A common contagious disease of the infant causing high fever and a rash

Roseola (baby measles)

Common name is German measles

Rubella

Fetal deformities occur if contracted early in pregnancy

Rubella

A serious complication such as Encephalitis may follow

Rubeola

Did you know that the most important intervention after coming into contact with poison ivy/oak/sumac is washing the site?

The plant oils cause irritation and rash. It can spread from area to area on the body if the plant oil is not washed away. Poison ivy/oak/sumac can also be spread through pets who have the plant oils on their fur.

A sunburn can be a minor epidural burn or a partial thickness burn w/ blisters.

True

The severity of the burn depends on the area, extent, and depth of involvement.

True

Commonly called chicken pox

Varicella

Common name is small pox

Variola

Superficial:

- 1st degree - Epidermis only - Skin red but blanches easily

Full thickness:

- 3rd degree - Involves entire skin - Painless to touch - Tough leathery, dry

Fourth Degree:

- All skin and nerve endings - Muscles & bone destruction - Blood vessels & bone visible - Necrosis occurs

Interventions for infection of piercing:

- Culture drainage - Apply antibiotic ointment - Remove piercing - Clean w/ peroxide

Deep dermal:

- Deep partial thickness - Extends deep into dermis - Mottled - Red, tan, or dull white

Infectious diseases linked w/ tattoos & piercing:

- Mycobacterium haemophilum - Hepatitis B & C - Mycobacterium tuberculosis - HIV - Impetigo

Skin Diagnostics:

- Observation - History - CBC - Electrolytes - Skin tests- Allergies - CRP - Sed. Rate - Skin Scraping - Wood's light - Culture & Sensitivity

Partial Thickness:

- Second degree - Epidermis & much of dermis - Blistered - Moist, pink or red

Which preventive strategies for tinea pedis, a fungal infection also known as athlete's foot, should the nurse include in a teaching session for an adolescent client? (Select all that apply.) 1) Wear white, 100%-cotton socks, changed twice a day. 2) Use talc on the feet daily. 3) Use an over-the-counter corticosteroid cream to treat the area. 4) Wear foot covers such as flip-flops in the locker room and shower. 5) Apply heat to the area twice a day.

1) Wear white, 100%-cotton socks, changed twice a day: The socks will wick moisture away from the feet to promote healing. 2) Use talc on the feet daily: This process will help keep the feet dry. 4) Wear foot covers such as flip-flops in the locker room and shower: This will reduce the spread of the organism among team members.

The age an infant receives his first immunization outside of the hospital

2 months

Ecchymosis:

Black and blue-purple mark (bruise).

Tinea Corporis:

Body

A grey, white membrane forms in the throat

Diphtheria

This disease produces a toxin that can weaken the heart muscle

Diphtheria

The abbreviations DTaP represents this vaccine

Diphtheria, Tetanus, & Pertussis

Integumentary System:

- The thin epidermis in infants blisters easily, absorption is dramatically greater, and infections occur more readily. - Sebaceous glands do not begin producing sebum until about 8 to 10 years. Without lubrication, the skin is more dry and chaps more easily. - Skin infections are more apt to produce systemic symptoms. - Preterm and term newborns have less subcutaneous fat; therefore they are more sensitive to heat and cold. - At birth, the skin is alkaline, increasing susceptibility to infection. - The ability to perspire through the skin matures by 3 years of age, and axillary perspiration begins near puberty. Therefore, thermoregulation may be a problem in children.

The common name for Atopic dermatitis

Eczema

Papule:

Elevated area (pimple).

Vesicle:

Elevated, fluid-filled blister (cold sore, chicken pox).

Pustule:

Elevated, pus filled (impetigo, acne).

Macule:

Flat rash (freckle).

Tinea Pedis:

Foot

Tinea Cruris:

Groin

An example of active acquired immunity

Immunizations

A child is seen in the health care clinic and received an immunization of DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus vaccine). One hour later, the mother calls the clinic and tells the nurse that the injection site is painful and red. Which instructions should the nurse reinforce to the mother? a. To call the health care provider b. To apply warm compresses on the site c. To return to the health care clinic immediately d. To apply cold compresses for 24 hours following the injection

d. To apply cold compresses for 24 hours following the injection

The school nurse prepares a list of home care instructions for the parents of school children who have been diagnosed with pediculosis capitis (head lice). Which should be included in the list? a. Use anti-lice sprays on all bedding and furniture. b. Use a pediculicide shampoo and repeat treatment in 14 days. c. Launder all the bedding and clothing in cold water and dry on low heat. d. Vacuum floors, play areas, and furniture to remove any hairs that may carry live nits.

d. Vacuum floors, play areas, and furniture to remove any hairs that may carry live nits.