1.6

The Parliament is made up of two parts or houses ( bicameral ;) what were these houses called?

- House of Lords - House of Commons

This British legislature is made up of two houses called the _____________________________ and the _____________________________________.

- House of Lords - House of Commons

Why is the Magna Carta an important document? ( Trial by jury)

- It states that the government was based on a contract between the ruler and the people. If either side breaks the contract, the contract is null and void..

Why was the formation of Parliament so important?

- It was so important because it led to the separation of powers and representative of government.

The ________________________ was the first document to limit the power of the English Kings. It also gave all Englishmen the right to trial by jury.

- Magna Carta

This document, also known as the Great Charter, was agreed to by King John of England in 1215 at the demand of his barons. The Magna Carta granted certain civil rights and liberties to English nobles, such as the right to a jury of one's peers and the guarantee against loss of life, liberty, or property, except in accordance with law. In doing so, it also limited the power of the monarch. The document is a landmark in the history of limited constitutional government.

- Magna Carta

Trial by jury (limit power of the king)

- Magna Carta

This was too much land for one person to care for, so he gave land to the _____________________ who in turn divided it again and gave land to the ___________________.

- Nobility - vassals

- England's legislative body is called __________________ and it makes the laws for England.

- Parliament

The British legislature, which consists of two houses: the House of Lords, representing the nobility, most of whose appointments are no longer hereditary, and the House of Commons, representing the people.

- Parliament

England's legislative body is called __________________.

- Parliment

A 1628 statute that limited the English monarch's power to tax people without the consent of Parliament and guaranteed certain rights to English subjects.

- Petition of Right

King couldn't tax without permission of parliament and stopped the king from quartering troops in houses (limit power of the king)

- Petition of Right

The ________________________ said that the king could not tax without the consent of Parliament.

- Petition of Right

Which of the following are characteristics of the feudal system in England? Select all that apply: 1) The feudal system in England provided the nobility the opportunity to control some parts of the land owned by the monarch and the common people living on it in return to loyalty to the monarch and a willingness to help the monarch in wars. 2) It enabled the nobility to give control of some of the land they controlled to people called vassals who then owed loyalty and military service to the nobles. 3) The feudal system included serfs who farmed the land of the monarch and nobility and were not free to leave the area in which they worked. 4) The feudal system provided equal rights for members of all three social groups. 5) The feudal system in England included the idea that government was based on a contract between those who governed and those subject to their control.

- 1) - 2) - 3) - 5)

What was the English Bill of Rights?

- 1. It listed the rights of all Englishmen. - An act passed by Parliament in 1689 that limited the power of the monarch. This document established Parliament as the most powerful branch of the English government.

What is Parliament?

- A 1628 statute that limited the English monarch's power to tax people without the consent of Parliament and guaranteed certain rights to English subjects. (England's legislative body)

What was the feudal system?

- A system of social, economic, and political organizations in which a politically weak king or queen shared power with the nobility. The nobility required work and services from the common people in return for allowing them to live on and make use of the noble's land and benefit from the noble's protection.

A law that is not written down but has been followed by custom and decisions of law courts is called ______________________.

- Common Law

The body of unwritten law developed in England from judicial decisions based on custom and earlier judicial decisions, which constitutes the basis of the English legal system and became part of American law.

- Common Law

______________________ is law that is not written down but has been established over a long period of time by custom and lower courts.

- Common law

The _____________________ amendment to the U.S. Constitution prevents excessive bail, fines and punishments.

- Eighth

An act passed by Parliament in 1689 that limited the power of the monarch. This document established Parliament as the most powerful branch of the English government (listed all the rights that Englishmen had.)

- English Bill of Rights

Listed the rights that Englishmen had (limit power of the king)

- English Bill of Rights

The _____________________ further limited the power of the English kings and actually listed the rights that Parliament and people had,

- English Bill of Rights

True or False: The English Bill of Rights only protected the rights of Parliament.

- False

True or False: When King John decided to take back some of their rights, the nobility agreed to give them up.

- False

A system of social, economic, and political organizations in which a politically weak king or queen shared power with the nobility. The nobility required work and services from the common people in return for allowing them to live on and make use of the noble's land and benefit from the noble's protection.

- Feudalism

William the Conqueror brought in a system of government to England called ______________________. This system was based on the control of land and was organized along economic, social and political lines.

- Feudalism

- Basic legal claims established over time, that all subjects of the English monarch were understood to have. They included the right not to be kept in prison without a trial and the right to trial by jury.

- Rights of Englishmen

What were the Rights of Englishmen?

- Rights that all subjects of the king or queen were believed to have. - The right to trial by jury (Magna Carta) - Security from unlawful entry into one's home - No taxation without consent (Petition Of Right)

The highest class of people in old, medieval England were the _________________________ .

- Royalty

The three classes were the ___________, the ___________________, and the ___________________.

- Royalty - Nobility - Common People

What were the classes or groups in the English feudal system?

- Royalty - Nobility - Common People

Both the governed and the government must obey the law. This is called ___________________________ .

- Rule of Law

Rule of Law

- Rule of Law is that both sides of the contract must obey the law. The king's power is now limited. It was originally between the king and the nobles but the idea filtered down to all people eventually.

__________________ were on the bottom of the class system; were tied to the land; and did what they were told.

- Serfs

One who lives under the rule of a king or queen is called a __________________________ .

- Subject

During the early time of British history the country lived under a system called _____________________________ which was based on the control of __________________.

- The Feudal System - land

Explain the importance of each of these documents: (1) the Magna Carta, (2) the Petition of Right, and (3) the English Bill of Rights.

- The Magna Carta was a very important document. The Magna Carta was a contract between the king and the nobility; the nobles made King John sign it when he tried to take back some of his rights (The royalty had to share power with the nobles, thus, taking away some of the royalty's rights.) Most of the people of England were not a part of this agreement. The reason why the Magna Carta is so important is because it states that the idea that government should be based on a contract that includes all the people. It also limited the power of a monarch. - The Petition of Right was a very important document. In 1628, the king tried to pressure the people for money without the consent of Parliament. He also required the people to house soldiers in their homes. As a result, Parliament forced him to agree to the Petition of Right of 1628. The Petition stated that the king could only raise taxes with the consent of Parliament. It also no longer allowed the king to house soldiers in the homes of the people. The reason why the Petition of Right is so important is because it strengthened the idea that English subjects had certain rights that the government could not violate. The Petition of Right limited the power of the king and made Parliament's power stronger. - The English Bill of Rights was a very important document. It was an act passed by Parliament in 1689 that limited the power of the monarch or in other words, it made the British government much more limited in what it could do. This document established Parliament as the most powerful branch of the English government.

What is common law?

- The body of unwritten law developed in England from judicial decisions based on custom and earlier judicial decisions, which constitutes the basis of the English legal system and became part of American law.

The Petition of Right - why was it so important?

- The king could only raise taxes with the consent of parliament. - It no longer allowed the king to house or quarter soldiers in the homes of the people.

How did the feudal system work?

- The system worked due to a number of agreements or contracts between the king/queen, the nobles and vassals. All land was owned by the king But he could not care for all of it, as it was too big. So the king gave control of land to nobles. The nobles in turn pledged loyalty to the king and went to war for him. The nobles divided the land again and gave it to the vassals. The vassals gave loyalty and service and went to war for the nobles. Serfs were tied to the land and did what they were told. - It was during this period of time that the nobles and vassals forced the king to share power. The king needed the nobles and vassals so he was forced to negotiate.

True or False: In 1688 the balance of power in the British government shifted from the king to Parliament.

- True

True or False: The American colonists were called subjects because they were under the rule of the British monarchy.

- True

True or False: The Magna Carta limited the powers of the monarch.

- True

True or False: The idea that English subjects had certain rights that the government cannot violate was contained in the Petition of Right.

- True

True or False: The rights of Englishmen included the rights to a jury trial and privacy in one's home.

- True

True or False: When the colonists were British subjects, they had the same rights of Englishmen that were held by people living in Great Britain.

- True

True or false: In 1628, Parliament forced the king to agree to the Petition of Right, which strengthened the powers of Parliament.

- True

True or false: The royalty, nobility, and commons struggled to dominate Parliament for hundreds of years after it was established.

- True

True or false: Under the feudal system in England the nobility became used to having certain rights and powers.

- True

True or false: What was at first an advisory council to the king eventually became Parliament, which is the legislative branch of the British government.

- True

Everyone must obey the law, even people in the government. This is called the _______________________.

- rule of law

The principle that both those who govern and those who are governed must obey the law and are subject to the same laws. This principle is contrasted to the "rule of men," in which those in power make up the rules as they please.

- rule of law

A _________________ is a person who lives under the rule of a king or queen.

- subject

Someone who owes allegiance to a government or ruler.

- subject

In this system, all land was owned by the ___________________.

Monarch