20 most missed questions on final

Mendel crossed pea plants dominant for two different traits (tall and green pods) with pea plants recessive for those same two traits (short and yellow pods). This cross resulted in pea plants that had combinations of all four traits (tall with green pods, tall with yellow pods, short with green pods, and short with yellow pods). Which law of inheritance best describes why this happens?

The law of independent assortment

In the process of feedback inhibition the end product binds to the ______ to block the biochemical pathway.

allosteric site of the first enzyme

f a gene mutation occurs that results in a premature stop codon in the mRNA sequence, the protein will __________

be incomplete

Which process is responsible for moving bulk cellular wastes across the cell membrane?

Exocytosis

______ contain similar genes but often different alleles. After DNA replication, ______ contain identical alleles combinations.

Homologous chromosomes; sister chromatids

Each enzyme has a particular substrate because enzymes __________

have active sites complementary in shape to their substrates

At the end of gene expression, the amino acids are in a ______ structure. This is also the ______ structure of a protein.

linear; primary

At the cellular level, enzymes work by

owering the activation energy of the Rx

Ribosomes are located on the __________.

rough endoplasmic reticulum

The purpose of translation is to

use mRNA codons to link together amino acids to form a polypeptide chain.

Which of the following vitamins is categorized as water-soluble

B and C

If the codon is CCA, what is the anticodon and what amino acid will be inserted?

D) GGU, proline

The plasma membrane regulates the transport of materials in and out of the cell. What process would be used to move a noncharged molecule across the membrane?

Diffusion

Which of the following is a passive mechanism used to move materials into and out of the cell?

Facilitated diffusion

Energy nutrients can be found in a variety of foods. From the list below, select the foods that would provide the body with the most protein.

beans and meat

Radiation is targeted cancer therapy that works by

breaking the DNA and introducing mutations.

At the cellular level, solar energy is harvested in the __________.

chloroplast

The role of NAD+ in cellular respiration is to move high-energy neutrons during the breakdown of glucose.

false

DNA strands are complementary of each other. This means if one strand has an adenine the other has a __________, and if one strand has a guanine the other has a/an __________.

hymine; cytosine

Which of the following statements about mitochondria and chloroplasts provides support for the endosymbiotic theory?

they have their own genomes.