2.00

From our nation's early beginnings the united states strictly regulated alcohol, opium, morphine, cannabis, and other psychoactive medications

False

Psychoactive drugs promote homeostatic conditions in the CNS

False

When someone uses an addictive drug the new brain usually dominates its influence over ones behavior

False

When someone uses an addictive drug, the new brain usually dominates its influence over one's behaviors

False

When someone uses and addictive drug, the new brain usually dominates its influence over ones behavior

False

Which of the following factors have contributed to the spread of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C? #1 sharing of contaminated needles #2 drug induced high-risk sexual practices #3 poor hygiene among restaurant workers #4 consistent and regular use of condoms during sex

Statements 1 and 2 only

Which of the following are signs of addicition?

There is continued use despite experiencing physical or psychological problems and consequences.

A person's level of emotional and physical stress can increase the ability of psychoactive drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier.

True

Addictive substances affect how neurons can down-regulate their brain receptors

True

The central nervous system is composed of the spinal cord and the brain

True

Alcohol and other psychoactive drugs affect which parts of the brain? #1. primitive brain #2. reasoning center of the new brain #3. neocortex #4. old brain A. options 1 and 2 only B. options 2 and 3 only C. options 1, 2, and 3 only D. options 1, 2, 3, and 4

d. options 1,2,3, and 4

pharmacodynamic tolerance includes which of the following? #1 nerve cell become less sensitive to the effects of the drugs #2 nerve cells produce an antidote or antagonist to the drug #3 Nerve cells become more sensitive to the effects of the drug #4 Less of the drug is needed because the body increases the number of receptor sites in the brain

effects 1 and 2 only

Inhalants are categorized as stimulants or uppers

false

Which of the following are examples of environmental factors that can make a person more liable to abuse a psychoactive substance? #1. Drinking and/or other drug use is common in the home and family environment.#2. Healthy ways of dealing with stress and anger are modeled and learned.#3. Physical and emotional stress are the norm in the home, work, or school environment.#4. An environment in which physical, emotional, or sexual abuse occurs.

statement 1,3, and 4

Which of the following statements are true regarding Alcoholic Anonymous? #1 It is a spiritually based program #2 It is based on 12 steps toward recovery #3 There is no evidence that it works. Research has documented its effectiveness in helping people achieve long term sobriety

statements 1,2, and 4 only

Synaptic plasticity in response to psychoactive drugs can result in which of the following? #1. increase in the number of available neurotransmitters#2. decrease in the number of available neurotransmitters#3. increase in the number of receptors and receptor sites#4. The ability of the synapse to change in strength and function when the pathway is overused or underused

statements 1,2,3, and 4

There are several routes of administering drugs, and some reach the brain faster than others. Which of the following sequences correctly lists the routes of administration from fastest to slowest for getting drugs to the brain?

statements 1,2,3, and 4

Which of the following describes changes in the brain of a person who is addicted to alcohol or other drugs? #1 the reward/control circuits of the addiction pathway are hijacked by changes in brain chemistry altered by substance abuse #2 the circuit becomes overactive and rives compulsive substance use #3 The circuit does not function properly and is overridden by the switch #4 Drug cravings hijack survival mechanisms in the old brain and override rational actions of the new brain

statements 1,2,3, and 4

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of alcohol and other drugs by a woman who is pregnant

the placenta is not an effective barrier so if the mother uses, the baby uses.

Regardless of which method a person uses to consume a psychoactive drug, the drug reaches the brain through the bloodstream

true

Which of the following statements is true?

Humankind has always had a desire to alter individual states of consciousness regardless of the potential for damage

A practical way to classify psychoactive substances is the following:

stimulants, deliriants, and depressants

Which of the following statements is true regarding addiction, including compulsive behaviors such as gambling?

Addiction is a disease analogous to diabetes

Which of the following is currently the most popular psychoactive substance worldwide?

Alcohol

The name of the primary evaluation document used in the United States to assess whether a person has a substance-related disorder is called the:

Diagnostic Statistical Manual.

Active transport occurs when fat-soluble drugs pass from an area where there is a higher concentration of a drug to an area of lower concentration

False

Which of the following are functions of the old brain?#1. basic emotions (anger, fear, hunger, lust)#2. imprinting of survival memories#3. regulating respiration, heartbeat, and body temperature#4. planning and mapping

Statements 1,2, and 3 only

Synaptic plasticity in response to psychoactive drugs can result in which of the following?#1. increase in the number of available neurotransmitters#2. decrease in the number of available neurotransmitters#3. increase in the number of receptors and receptor sites#4. the ability of the synapse to change in strength and function when the pathway is overused or underused

Statements 1,2,3, and 4

Which of the following statements most accurately represents the use of plant-based psychoactive substances?

about 4,000 plants yield psychoactive substances and the vast majority are not illegal

There are several routes of administration drugs, and some reach the brain faster than others. Which of the following sequences correctly lists the routes of administration from fastest to slowest for getting drugs to the brain?

inhaling (smoke), injecting (intravenous), mucous membrane absorption (nasal passage), oral ingestion

Which of the following are factual statements about the Opium Wars? #1 britain wanted to force the sale and trade of opium to China so that they could acquire silver to buy tea from China #2 Britain and other European countries fought the Opium Wars to prevent China from trafficking opium to the west #3 China banned the use and the import of opium in the early 1800s so the British went to war with China over Britain's "right" of free trade-namely the sale of opium to China #4 For China the Opium Wars resulted in addiction, the indignity of defeat and unequal trade treaties that continue to complicate China's relations within the West even today

statements 1,3, and 4