2018, Ch. 12, Age of Jackson

A

Two months after President Martin Van Buren took office, the United States entered A. a severe depression. B. a light recession. C. an international profit trade era. D. a prosperity era.

1. Tariff of Abominations 2. nullify 3. "Worcester v. Georgia" 4. Kitchen cabinet 5. Osceola 6. Whigs

1. Highest tax on imported goods in US history; led to the nullification crisis 6. political party that formed in opposition to Jackson 4. friends of the president who advised him on political policy 3. John Marshall ruled that the states had no authority over Native Americans; Cherokee were to keep their land 2. to void, ignore

DIRECTIONS: Short Answer Answer each of the following questions. "And is it supposed that the wandering savage has a stronger attachment to his home than the settled, civilized Christian? Is it more afflicting to him to leave the graves of his fathers than it is to our brothers and children? Rightly considered, the policy of the general government toward the red man is not only liberal but generous. He is unwilling to submit to the laws of the states and mingle with their population. To save him from this alternative, or perhaps utter annihilation, the general government kindly offers him a new home, and proposes to pay the whole expense of his removal and settlement." —President Andrew Jackson, to Congress, December 1830 1. Which proposed piece of legislation is Jackson most likely supporting in the above quote? _ 2. Which single word from the quote best summarizes Jackson's opinion of Native Americans? 3. How does Jackson describe white settlers? 4. What does Jackson feel Native Americans have done to create the need for the government to relocate them? 5. What does Jackson claim will likely happen to Native Americans if they are not relocated? 6. How does Jackson characterize the government's forced relocation of Native Americans?

1. Indian Removal Act 1830 2 The single word used by Jackson to summarize his opinion of the Native Americans is savage. 3. Jackson describes white settlers as "settled, civilized, Christian." 4. The Native Americans have been unwilling to follow state laws and live peacefully among the people of the state. 5. If the Native Americans do not accept removal they are likely to face annihilation, total destruction. 6. Jackson characterizes the government's forced relocation as benevolent, an opportunity for a peaceful existence, and generous that the expense of the removal and settlement will be paid for by the US government..

B

1. Which group decided the 1824 United States presidential election? A. the Electoral College B. the House of Representatives C. the popular vote D. the vice president

B,C,D,E

Andrew Jackson's opponents accused him of acting like a tyrant—a king who abused his power. Which of Jackson's actions seemed to support their accusation? Select all that apply. A. He served two consecutive terms as president. B. He "killed" the Second Bank of the United States. C. He used the spoils system to hire federal employees. D. He violated the Supreme Court ruling protecting the Cherokee. E. He asked Congress for the right to use the military to enforce federal law against American citizens.

B

Andrew Jackson's supporters replaced caucuses with A. delegate conventions. C. selection meetings. B. nominating conventions. D. state conventions.

On September 10, 1833, Jackson removed all federal funds from the Second Bank of the U.S., redistributing them to various state banks, which were popularly known as "pet banks." In addition, he announced that deposits to the bank would not be accepted after October 1. Finally, Jackson had succeeded in destroying the bank; its charter officially expired in 1836.

How did Jackson kill the Bank of the US?

Jackson is riding a pig which may represent his favored state banks holding federal money after the defeat of the 2nd Bank of the US; bones represent killing of bank/Native American removal, crown on his head represents him acting on his own without following the constitutution

Interpret the cartoon. We will do this in class Tuesday.

a. "common man" b. bureaucracy c. Republicans d. mudslinging e. "corrupt bargain"

Match each item with its description. "corrupt bargain" common man bureaucracy Republicans mudslinging a. new voters from the west, laborers, b. a system where appointed officials, not elected ones, carry out laws c. political party that wanted a strong central government in 1828 d. an attempt to ruin a candidate's personal reputation e. name given to an alleged deal between Clay and Adams in the 1824 election

a. Democrats b. bureaucracy c. Republicans d. mudslinging e. corrupt bargain

Match each item with its description. the "corrupt bargain" Democrats bureaucracy Republicans mudslinging A. favored states' rights in the 1828 election B. a system where appointed officials, not elected ones, carry out laws C. political party that wanted a strong central government in 1828 D. an attempt to ruin a candidate's personal reputation E. name given to an alleged deal between Clay and Adams in the 1824 election

A, C, B, E, D

Place the events of the election of 1824 in chronological order, beginning with the earliest event. A. Andrew Jackson receives a plurality of the popular vote, but no candidate receives a majority of electoral votes. B. One of the candidates [Clay] uses influence with the House to help Adams win. C. The vote has to go to the House of Representatives. D. Jackson's supporters accuse Clay and Adams of making a 'corrupt bargain.' E. The House of Representatives selects Adams to be president.

C

President Jackson believed the Bank of the United States A. should be supported at all costs. B. unfairly favored poor people. C. unfairly favored wealthy people. D. was corrupt.

B

The Seminole people successfully resisted their removal from which state? A. Alabama C. Georgia B. Florida D. South Carolina

A

Presidential candidates who receive the backing of their home states rather than that of the national party are called A. "favorite son" candidates. B. "home state" candidates. C. "national party" candidates. D. "state party" candidates.

b,c,e

Select all that apply. a. Crawford and Clay presented stiff competition to Jackson and Adams. b. The House of Representatives selected the president because Adams and Jackson tied. c. The House of Representatives' vote did not reflect either the popular or the electoral vote. d. Jackson received more votes than Adams in the electoral but not in the popular vote or the House vote. e. Adams won fewer votes in both the electoral and popular election than Jackson but won more in the House vote.

Vetoing the Bank of US Not carrying out the Supreme Court decision in Worcester v. Georgia

The message of this cartoon is that Jackson often acted more like a king than a president in a democracy. Identify two issues that would support this view.

C

What did the U.S. government use as a justification for relocating the Cherokee people? A. the Treaty of Georgia B. the Treaty of Moultrie Creek C. the Treaty of New Echota D. the Treaty of Worcester

Appointing political supporters to government jobs, whether they were fit for the position or not.

What issue does the political cartoon portray?

A

Which issue did Henry Clay and Daniel Webster use to try to defeat Andrew Jackson in the 1832 presidential election? A. Bank of the United States B. Congressional annual salaries C. Jackson's place of birth D. veto power for the president

B

Which law was intended to allow the president to use the United States military to enforce federal law? A. Congressional Act C. Military Bill B. Force Bill D. Presidential Act

Osceola

Who was born as Billy Powell, he became an influential leader of the Seminole in Florida. Of mixed parentage, Creek, Scots-Irish, Black, and English, he was raised as a Creek by his mother. He refused to accept the terms of the Indian Removal Act.

Seminole

Who were the only Native Americans who successfully resisted their removal? Cherokee Fox Sauk Seminole

Tool of the wealthy, didn't aid western farmers, he believed it was unconstitutional, board of directors had ties to industry and manufacturing, there was no oversight (control) of bank by Congress. He called it a monster.

Why did Andrew Jackson despise the Second Bank of the United States?

Jackson had a plurality of the electoral vote. He expected the House of Representatives to honor this and vote that he be the next president, 6th. He did not win due to the "Corrupt Bargain."

Why did Andrew Jackson expect to win the election of 1824? Why did he not win the election of 1824?

"western settlers depended on being able to borrow money to run their farms. The Bank's strict policies made such loans difficult to obtain. Like many other westerners, Jackson viewed the Bank as a monopoly that favored wealthy Easterners and limited western growth." McGraw-Hill

Why was Jackson so opposed to the Bank of the United States?

D

Winning candidates who give government jobs to their supporters are making use of which of the following? A. laissez-faire B. Executive Privilege C. the Electoral College D. the spoils system

B

______________ showed that the United States was becoming more democratic during the Jackson era. A. Use of the spoils system B. Changes in state requirements to vote C. An increase in political parties D. Use of tariffs to protect American goods