2020 US History Regents
Which two speakers would most likely have supported the Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)? (1) A and B (3) C and D (2) B and C (4) A and D
(1) A and B
During the 1930s, the major foreign policy goal of the United States Congress was to (1) avoid the mistakes that led the country into World War I (2) end the Good Neighbor policy (3) increase the size of the armed forces (4) strengthen support for Japan's New Order in Asia
(1) avoid the mistakes that led the country into World War I
In this passage, James Madison argues for the governing principle known as (1) checks and balances (2) representative government (3) executive privilege (4) popular sovereignty
(1) checks and balances
What was a major success of the national government under the Articles of Confederation (1781 1788)? (1) developing a plan for the admission of new states (2) establishing the first national export tax (3) paying off all government debts (4) gaining the respect of foreign nations
(1) developing a plan for the admission of new states
What was the major goal of the political reforms enacted during the Progressive Era (1900-1920)? (1) expanding citizen participation in government (2) lowering the legal voting age (3) discouraging the formation of new political parties (4) providing public funding of campaigns
(1) expanding citizen participation in government
In the late 19th century, what was the major goal in developing the "New South?" (1) expanding the industrial base (2) reducing tobacco production (3) strengthening labor unions (4) restricting government support for railroad construction
(1) expanding the industrial base
Federal economic policies during the 1920s contributed to the start of the Great Depression by (1) failing to adequately regulate stock market transactions (2) adopting federal budgets with large deficits (3) lowering protective tariffs (4) abolishing corporate income taxes
(1) failing to adequately regulate
The Meat Inspection Act (1906), the Pure Food and Drug Act (1906), and the Clayton Antitrust Act (1914) were similar in that each (1) increased government regulation of business (2) resulted from a pro-business government policy (3) lowered tariffs on imported goods (4) decreased federal taxes on personal income
(1) increased government regulation of business
The Supreme Court decisions in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) and Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) were important because they (1) increased the power of the federal government (2) expanded the powers of the president (3) encouraged westward expansion (4) placed limits on the spread of slavery
(1) increased the power of the federal government
Mapp v. Ohio (1961), Gideon v. Wainwright (1963), and Miranda v. Arizona (1966) are all Supreme Court decisions that strengthened individual rights by (1) increasing protections for persons accused of crimes (2) eliminating restrictions on gun ownership (3) overturning racial segregation laws (4) encouraging greater voter participation in government
(1) increasing protections for persons accused of crimes
One way in which the Truman Doctrine and the Eisenhower Doctrine are similar is that both (1) offered aid to countries threatened by communism (2) attempted to create a friendlier relationship with China (3) tried to improve relations with the Soviet Union (4) returned the United States to an isolationist foreign policy
(1) offered aid to countries threatened by communism
The gains and losses shown on the map were primarily the result of (1) population changes among the states (2) migration of African Americans to the North (3) vacancies in the House of Representatives caused by resignations (4) increasing the total number of members in the House of Representatives
(1) population changes among the states
The primary reason President Harry Truman made the decision to use atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was to (1) save American lives by avoiding the invasion of Japan (2) destroy the entire Japanese military in Southeast Asia (3) allow the United States to defeat Germany (4) halt the Japanese invasion of the Soviet Union
(1) save American lives by avoiding the invasion of Japan
What was the main reason for the migration described in this poem? (1) Farmers were given inexpensive, fertile land in the West. (2) An extended drought on the plains forced farmers to seek better conditions in the West. (3) Manufacturing jobs in California paid high wages. (4) African Americans left the South to avoid discrimination
(2) An extended drought on the plains forced farmers to seek better conditions in the West.
Most of the northern boundary of the United States was created by treaties between the United States and (1) France (3) Spain (2) Great Britain 4) Mexico
(2) Great Britain
Which statement best illustrates the meaning of federalism? (1) All citizens enjoy the basic rights of freedom of speech, press, religion, and assembly. (2) The Constitution delegates certain powers to the national government but reserves other powers for the states. (3) The Constitution can be changed by amendments ratified by Congress. (4) The House of Representatives has the power to impeach the president, and the Senate has the power to conduct an impeachment trial.
(2) The Constitution delegates certain powers to the national government but reserves other powers for the states.
Organizing the Berlin airlift, implementing the Marshall Plan, and fi ghting the Korean War were early events in the United States policy of (1) imperialism (3) isolationism (2) containment (4) neutrality
(2) containment
Which pair of economic situations faced both President Franklin D. Roosevelt and President Barack Obama during the first 100 days of their administrations? (1) legalization of the sale of alcoholic beverages and suspension of antitrust laws (2) high unemployment and failures in the banking system (3) funding overseas wars and bailing out the automobile industry (4) modifying the gold standard and increasing federal aid to education
(2) high unemployment and failures in the banking system
Which action is most closely associated with the foreign policy concern expressed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in this passage? (1) authorizing U-2 fl ights over the Soviet Union (2) increasing United States involvement in Vietnam (3) overthrowing military dictatorships in Central America (4) defending oil producing countries in the Middle East
(2) increasing United States involvement in Vietnam
A conclusion that can be drawn directly from these headlines is that (1) more people are delaying marriage to a later age (2) legal and societal changes have affected the family unit (3) the role of women has changed little in the past decade (4) most married couples do not have children
(2) legal and societal changes have affected the family unit
These headlines reflect the transformation of United States foreign policy into one that (1) respected the sovereign rights of all countries (2) practiced imperialism (3) pursued isolationist policies (4) opposed free-trade agreements
(2) practiced imperialism
The authors of the United States Constitution established a bicameral legislature primarily because they (1) wished states to retain their absolute sovereignty (2) reached a compromise between the large states and the small states over representation (3) hoped to weaken the power of Congress (4) wanted to create an independent judiciary elected by the people
(2) reached a compromise between the large states and the small states over representation
The Federal Reserve System, created in 1913, extended government control over the banking system by (1) issuing housing and consumer loans (2) regulating interest rates and the money supply (3) ending private ownership of banks (4) banning loans for stock market purchases
(2) regulating interest rates and the money supply
Results of the Bush-Gore presidential election of 2000 renewed the debate over (1) term limits for elected officials (2) the electoral college system (3) presidential use of the veto power (4) loose versus strict interpretation of the Constitution
(2) the electoral college system
According to the passage, President Abraham Lincoln's primary goal in fi ghting the Civil War was to (1) advance the cause of Northern abolitionists (2) use any means necessary to save the Union (3) extend the franchise to African Americans in the army (4) free only those African Americans who were enslaved in Confederate territory
(2) use any means necessary to save the Union
Which speaker would most likely agree with the economic point of view of big business owners in the late 1800s? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D
(3) C
The programs of President Lyndon B. Johnson's War on Poverty had goals which were most similar to the programs of (1) Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal (2) Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom (3) Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal (4) Ronald Reagan's New Federalism
(3) Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal
Which statement best describes an outcome of the 1962 Cuban missile crisis? (1) Communist leaders of Cuba were removed from office. (2) The United States strengthened its ties with Cuba. (3) Nuclear war with the Soviet Union was avoided. (4) United States military defenses were significantly reduced.
(3) Nuclear war with the Soviet Union was avoided.
Which statement reflects a major transportation trend of the post-World War II period? (1) Transcontinental railroads were developed. (2) The use of canals to move freight increased. (3) The use of the automobile increased dramatically. (4) Air travel decreased significantly
(3) The use of the automobile increased dramatically.
President Richard Nixon chose to resign the presidency mainly because of his involvement in the (1) secret bombing of Cambodia (2) escalation of the Vietnam War (3) Watergate scandal (4) implementation of wage-price controls
(3) Watergate scandal
In the 1840s and 1850s, immigration to the United States was characterized by (1) large numbers of immigrants from Latin America (2) significant job opportunities for immigrants in southern states (3) a large influx of Irish and German immigrants (4) widespread acceptance of immigrants by native-born Americans
(3) a large influx of Irish and German immigrants
This cartoon suggests that Congress believed President Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposals concerning the Supreme Court threatened the United States Constitution by (1) weakening the system of federalism (2) ignoring the amendment process (3) endangering the principle of separation of powers (4) violating the elastic clause
(3) endangering the principle of separation of powers
The Korean War (1950-1953) was the first war in which the United States (1) sent troops to fight on foreign soil (2) responded to an attack on its homeland (3) fought as a member of United Nations forces (4) formed an alliance with mainland China
(3) fought as a member of United Nations forces
Madison was one of the statesmen who wrote articles for The Federalist primarily to (1) encourage rebellion against the British (2) find a permanent solution to the issue of slavery (3) gain support for ratifying the United States Constitution (4) oppose protection of property rights in the United States Constitution
(3) gain support for ratifying the United States Constitution
President Franklin D. Roosevelt dealt with the emergency referred to in this speech primarily by (1) submitting problems to the Supreme Court (2) relying on state and local governments to handle the situation (3) gaining congressional support for his programs (4) requesting
(3) gaining congressional support for his programs
Which geographic factor most directly influenced the rapid settlement of the Great Plains after the Civil War? (1) immense forests for lumber (2) access to abundant quantities of oil (3) huge amounts of fertile farmland (4) long ocean coastline with deep ports
(3) huge amounts of fertile farmland
Which term from the 1920s is most closely associated with Duke Ellington and Langston Hughes? (1) Lost Generation (2) Red Scare (3) Teapot Dome scandal (4) Harlem Renaissance
(4) Harlem Renaissance
Whose work most influenced state and local governments to address the conditions shown in this photograph? (1) John Muir (3) Frank Norris (2) Ida Tarbell (4) Jacob Riis
(4) Jacob Riis
Which government programs will be most directly affected by the trend shown on this chart? (1) defense spending (2) immigration reform (3) Head Start and school construction (4) Medicare and Social Security
(4) Medicare and Social Security
What was one reason the 14th and 15th amendments failed to prevent future racial segregation? (1) Most Northern abolitionists opposed the extension of these rights. (2) The Supreme Court refused to accept cases to interpret these amendments. (3) Radical Republicans in Congress stopped African Americans from voting. (4) The South was allowed to pass Jim Crow laws and restrict voting rights.
(4) The South was allowed to pass Jim Crow laws and restrict voting rights.
Actions such as the one shown in the photograph helped lead to the (1) defeat of Germany in World War I (2) failure of President Woodrow Wilson to win reelection (3) rejection of United States membership in the League of Nations (4) addition of a woman's suffrage amendment to the United States Constitution
(4) addition of a woman's suffrage amendment to the United States Constitution
The actions of Jackie Robinson, Rosa Parks, and Malcolm X helped focus national attention on the need for reform in the area of (1) environmental protection (2) crime prevention (3) public education (4) civil rights
(4) civil rights
President George Washington made this statement in response to concerns over United States involvement in the (1) effort to end the slave trade in West Africa (2) struggle to open Asian ports to foreign trade (3) independence movements of the new Latin American nations (4) continuing conflict between England and France
(4) continuing conflict between England and France
The establishment of judicial review in Marbury v. Madison (1803) gave the Supreme Court the authority to (1) impeach members of Congress (2) create state courts (3) approve foreign treaties (4) decide the constitutionality of a law
(4) decide the constitutionality of a law
In Tinker v. Des Moines School District (1969) and in New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985), the United States Supreme Court addressed the (1) issue of gender equality in school athletics (2) recitation of prayers in public schools (3) power of school authorities to determine curriculum (4) free speech and privacy rights of students in schools
(4) free speech and privacy rights of students in schools
European Enlightenment writers of the 17th and 18th centuries such as John Locke influenced America's colonial development by providing (1) justification for state supported churches (2) a defense of the slave trade (3) arguments for monarchy and rule by divine right (4) ideas about self-government and political rights
(4) ideas about self-government and political rights
In the late 1940s, hearings by the House Committee on Un-American Activities and the use of loyalty oaths illustrate concerns over the (1) impact of union strikes on the economy (2) United States participation in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (3) desegregation of the military (4) influence of communists within the federal government
(4) influence of communists within the federal government
The main goal of the first Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) was to (1) end wasteful funding of irrigation projects (2) increase efforts to export grain (3) encourage more farm mechanization (4) stabilize farm prices by reducing the amount of surplus crops
(4) stabilize farm prices by reducing the amount of surplus crops
Which document encouraged public support for declaring independence from Great Britain? (1) Albany Plan of Union (2) Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions (3) Alien and Sedition Acts (4)Common Sense
(4)Common Sense
In colonial America, geography most directly influenced (1) religious practices 3) economic activities (2) voter eligibility (4) family structure
3) economic activities
