20.3 Diseases caused by Bacteria and Viruses

A person has a low helper-T cell count. What viral disease do they most likely have?

AIDS

What are some human diseases caused by viruses

AIDS, Colds, Influenza

How do antiviral medications work? Why don't they also kill host cells?

Attack specific viral enzymes, host cells don't have these

How are the causes of tuberculosis and diphtheria similar? How are they different?

Both are caused by bacteria, bacteria that causes tuberculosis break down tissue while diphtheria release toxins

Describe the similarities and differences or antibiotics and disinfectants

Both kill bacteria, Antibiotics kill bacteria in organisms, disinfectants kill bacteria on surfaces

Why should meat be cooked until it is well-done?

To kill bacteria

Scrapie is most likely cause by pathogens known as ________

Viroids

RNA viruses have the ability to evade antiviral drugs. Why is this?

Viruses reproduce quickly so their genetic makeup can also change quickly.

The widespread use of _____ has led to the emergence of resistant strains of bacteria

antibiotics

One way bacteria can cause disease is by breaking down and damaging ______ of the infected organisms

cells

A person has blister-like lesions on the skin. What viral disease does he or she most likely have?

chicken pox

What are antibiotics?

compounds that block the growth and reproduction of bacteria

what is a pathogen

disease causing agent

An _____ disease is an unknown disease that appears in a population for the first time

emerging

Pathogens are able to _____ over time

evolve

Slight genetic changes would be needed for the bird flu virus to become infectious to _______

humans

what organs do the bacteria that cause tuberculosis typically damage?

lungs

What is a vaccine?

preparation of weakened or killed pathogens or inactivated toxins that can prompt the body to produce immunity to a disease

What is sterilization?

subjecting bacteria to high temperatures to control bacterial growth

Bacteria can also cause disease by releasing ______ that harm the body

toxins