🧚‍♂️💗🧚‍♂️ 22 Chapter 16 test quest🧚🏼‍♀️💗🧚🏼‍♀️

105) The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar to enter its target cells is A) somatotropin. B) cortisol. C) insulin. D) glucagon. E) erythropoietin.

C

113) Inability of the pancreas to produce insulin results in A) acromegaly. B) goiter. C) diabetes mellitus. D) diabetes insipidus. E) Addison's disease.

C

120) Two hormones that have additive effects are called A) agonists. B) antagonists. C) synergists. D) co-factors. E) permissive.

C

122) Hormones that produce different but complementary results are called A) agonistic. B) antagonistic. C) integrative. D) additive. E) permissive.

C

132) If stress lasts longer than a few hours, an individual will enter the ________ phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS). A) alarm B) resistance C) exhaustion D) extension E) prolonged

B

131) During the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), there is A) decreased blood flow to skeletal muscles and skin. B) decreased mental alertness. C) mobilization of energy reserves. D) increased urine release. E) decreased rate of respiration.

C

133) Hormones that dominate during the resistance phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) are the A) mineralocorticoids. B) androgens. C) glucocorticoids. D) catecholamines. E) gonadotropins.

C

137) The consistent pattern of hormonal and physiological responses to stresses of different kinds called general adaptation syndrome has all the following phases except A) exhaustion. B) resistance. C) restorative. D) alarm.

C

139) Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause A) dwarfism. B) rickets. C) gigantism. D) acromegaly. E) diabetes insipidus.

C

128) Decreased blood flow to the kidneys would not lead to which of the following? A) increased blood levels of renin B) elevated blood levels of angiotensin C) increased blood levels of erythropoietin D) increased release of ADH E) increased release of natriuretic peptide

E

129) Proper growth does not require which of the following hormones? A) thyroid hormone B) calcitriol C) insulin D) estrogen E) MSH

E

101) The beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce ________ which ________ blood sugar. A) insulin; lowers B) glucagon; lowers C) insulin; raises D) glucagon; raises E) insulin; has no effect on

A

107) Alpha cells are to ________ as beta cells are to ________. A) glucagon; insulin B) somatostatin; insulin C) insulin; glucagon D) glucagon; somatostatin E) pancreatic polypeptide; insulin

A

108) When blood glucose levels rise, A) insulin is released. B) glucagon is released. C) peripheral cells take up less glucose. D) protein synthesis decreases. E) peripheral cells break down glycogen.

A

114) The term used to describe excess production of urine is A) polyuria. B) polydipsia. C) hematuria. D) glycosuria. E) None of the answers is correct.

A

Figure 16-1 138) An excess of which hormone can lead to acromegaly? A) 3 B) 4 C) 6 D) 7 E) 14

C

100) When blood glucose levels fall, A) insulin is released. B) glucagon is released. C) peripheral cells take up more glucose. D) protein synthesis increases. E) glucagon is released and protein synthesis increases.

B

109) Each of the following is true of the pineal gland except that it A) is a component of the epithalamus. B) is a component of the hypothalamus. C) secretes melatonin. D) contains pinealocytes. E) responds to light and darkness.

B

111) Melatonin is produced by the A) thymus. B) pineal gland. C) kidneys. D) skin. E) heart.

B

112) Which of these statements about melatonin is false? A) Exposure to light inhibits production. B) Exposure to light stimulates production. C) It inhibits releases of GnRH. D) It is produced by pinealocytes. E) It is made from serotonin.

B

119) Two hormones that have opposing effects are called A) agonists. B) antagonists. C) synergists. D) additive. E) permissive.

B

123) Which of the following hormones increases production of red blood cells? A) cortisol B) erythropoietin C) thymosin D) aldosterone E) atrial natriuretic peptide

B

126) In general, the effects of natriuretic peptides are ________ to those of the renin-angiotensin system. A) synergistic B) antagonistic C) permissive D) additive E) integrative

B

102) The Pancreatic polypeptide cells (PP cells) of the pancreatic islets produce A) insulin. B) glucagon. C) pancreatic polypeptide. D) cortisol. E) GH-IH.

C

103) The exocrine portion of the pancreas produces A) insulin. B) glucagon. C) somatotropin. D) digestive enzymes. E) bile.

D

104) All of the following are true regarding the pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans), except that they A) contain four types of endocrine cells. B) account for only a small percent of all pancreatic cells. C) produce enzymes that assist in digestion. D) release their products directly into the intestines. E) are vital for survival.

D

115) Which of the following might occur in an overdose of insulin? A) glycosuria B) ketoacidosis C) high blood glucose D) low blood glucose E) polyuria

D

106) All of the following are targets for insulin except A) skeletal muscle. B) adipocytes. C) liver cells. D) cardiac and smooth muscle. E) blood cells.

E

110) Pinealocytes produce A) MSH. B) FSH. C) LH. D) melanin. E) melatonin.

E

116) A person with untreated diabetes mellitus may exhibit all of the following symptoms except A) hyperglycemia. B) excessive thirst. C) glucosuria. D) polyuria. E) hypoglycemia.

E

118) When hormones interact they can produce any of the following kinds of effects except A) antagonistic. B) synergistic. C) permissive. D) integrative. E) apoptosis.

E

121) When one hormone is needed for a second hormone to produce an effect, it is called A) agonistic. B) antagonistic. C) synergistic. D) additive. E) permissive.

E

130) The hormone that dominates during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is A) testosterone. B) aldosterone. C) cortisol. D) thyroid hormone. E) epinephrine.

E

117) If a diabetic patient received too much insulin, the low blood sugar could be corrected by injecting A) glucagon. B) GHIH. C) thyroid hormone. D) aldosterone. E) antidiuretic hormone.

A

124) The enzyme renin is responsible for the activation of A) angiotensin I. B) cortisol. C) erythropoietin. D) atrial natriuretic peptide. E) adrenaline.

A

125) The endocrine system works most closely with the ________ system to maintain homeostasis. A) cardiovascular B) lymphatic C) muscular D) reproductive E) skeletal

A

134) During the resistance phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), A) lipid reserves are mobilized. B) proteins are conserved. C) blood glucose levels fall drastically. D) levels of growth hormone decrease. E) levels of insulin decrease.

A

145) What is the common goal of the nervous and endocrine systems? (Module 16.1A) A) To send electrical impulses throughout the body. B) To send chemical messengers though the bloodstream to the cells of the body. C) To coordinate and regulate the activities of other cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. D) To increase cellular reactions in all the cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems of the body. E) To transport gases, regulate pH, and control fluid volumes in the body.

C

127) Activation of the renin-angiotensin system would result in all of the following except A) elevated blood pressure. B) increased retention of sodium ions at the kidney. C) increased water retention. D) increased urine production. E) increased blood volume.

D

140) Too little secretion of cortisol causes A) goiter. B) diabetes mellitus. C) diabetes insipidus. D) Addison's disease. E) Cushing's disease.

D

141) The condition known as goiter can result from too A) much insulin. B) little TSH. C) much ACTH. D) little iodine in the diet. E) little glucagon.

D

143) Cushing's disease results from an excess of A) growth hormone. B) parathyroid hormone. C) ADH. D) glucocorticoids. E) epinephrine.

D

144) Which of the following hormones may lead to acromegaly if hypersecreted after closure of the epiphyseal plates? A) cortisol B) parathyroid hormone C) insulin D) growth hormone E) epinephrine

D

135) The exhaustion phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is characterized by all of the following except A) decreased resistance to disease and infection. B) increased ability to produce glucose from glycogen. C) increased pumping effectiveness of the heart. D) inability to maintain adequate fluid and electrolyte balance. E) increase sweat gland secretions.

E

136) If a patient is administered a powerful glucocorticoid (such as prednisone) to suppress the immune system, what unintended effects might this have on blood chemistry? A) increase of insulin B) decrease of insulin C) increase of blood glucose D) decrease of blood glucose E) both an increase of insulin and an increase of blood glucose

E

142) Inadequate iodine in the diet would not lead to A) hypothyroidism. B) cretinism. C) goiter. D) high blood levels of TSH. E) Grave's disease.

E