257 Final Exam Quizzes

Synthesis of research findings is accomplished through: (Choose all that apply.)

Meta-Analysis; Systematic Reviews; Integrative Reviews

A model of research utilization such as the Rogers model has been designed to:

help nurses and organizations to implement research evidence into practice.

Cronbach's alpha is used in tool development to determine:

internal consistency.

The items in nominal-level instruments should be...

mutually exclusive and exhaustive.

The best measure of successful evidence-based practice is:

patient satisfaction and patient-focused clinical improvements.

Rogers indicates that the process by which adopters of research modify innovations to best meet their own needs is:

reinvention.

The semantic differential scale consists of:

sets of bipolar adjectives measuring degree of feeling about a concept.

One limitation of observation as a data collection technique is that observation is:

subjective.

An organization that facilitates research utilization would be characterized by:

support for new ideas and innovations.

Research utilization is characterized by:

using research knowledge in practice to achieve the desired outcomes.

As a nurse who identifies a need for improvement in patient care, what would you do first?

Conduct a thorough literature review

Which of the following is the last stage in Rogers' research utilization process?

Confirmation

You are a nurse on a medical/surgical unit. You want to convince your peers that oral temperatures should not be taken within 30 minutes of eating or drinking. Who should you include when designing a plan to implement this practice change? (Choose all that apply.)

B. Nursing assistants C. The nurse manager D. Staff nurses

The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) is noted for development of which of the following?

Clinical practice guidelines to direct health care practices

Which of the following is one of the characteristics of an innovation that determines the probability and speed at which an idea will be adopted?

Compatibility

Based on new evidence reported at a recent nursing conference, the nurse manager of an intensive care unit wants to implement a new pain assessment policy. She holds several staff meetings and tells all nurses and nurse's aides about the new policy. Over the next month, she notices that most staff are not abiding by the new policy. What are some possible reasons for why the change has not been adopted? (Choose all that apply.)

Compatibility - the nurses believe that pain assessment is less important than other nursing-care functions.; Lack of observability - the nurses do not see that the new policy is making a difference.

Which of the following can be measured using direct measures?

Concrete factors, such as age, gender, height, and weight

Which of the following is true of interrater reliability?

It is the relationship between two or more data collectors' ratings of the same event.

During which stage of Rogers' Theory of Diffusion of Innovations is the use of mass media most effective?

Knowledge

The lowest level of measurement is...

Nominal

Utilization of research findings in clinical areas is slow because:

Nurses are not usually rewarded for using research findings in practice.

Which of the following are barriers to evidence-based practice (EBP)?

Nurses' beliefs that there is no reason to change current practice patterns; Lack of administrative support for nurses taking time in the day to find and read research evidence; Lack of knowledge regarding how to find and evaluate research evidence

Which of the following can lead to random error in measurement?

Occasional discussion of questions with some subjects during completion of the measurement tool

A researcher records the weight of study participants using the following categories: (1) normal for height. (2) overweight for height. (3) underweight for height. What level of measurement has been used?

Ordinal

In developing an evidence-based practice, who should the nurse include in any plans to implement a new guideline? (Choose all that apply.)

Physicians who may admit patients to the unit where the new practice will be instituted.; Nurses who will implement the new practice.; Any other department that will be influenced by the change.; The nurse manager because support from the top is always needed for change to be successful.

Which of the following strategies for utilization is most amenable to adoption by baccalaureate nursing students and new graduates?

Reading professional journals critically and reporting the findings at staff meetings

What is/are the main difference(s) between evidence-based pracitce (EBP) and research utilization?

Research utlization involves synthesizing, dissemination, and using research-generated information, but there is less emphasis on clinician and patient factors when compared to EBP.; Evidence-based practice has a broader focus than research utilization because it integrates best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values.

Which of the following is true about Likert scales?

Scores from individual items can be summed for a total score.

An indirect measure would be used to measure which of the following?

Spiritual Perspective

Which of the following is true about the relationship between reliability and validity?

Unless a measure is reliable, it cannot be valid.