2.6.5 Quiz Two: Module Two Study Sheet

How much force is needed to accelerate a 50 g object at 3 m/s2?

.15 N

An object at rest has a velocity of ___.

0

If an astronaut knocks a wrench off the outside of the space shuttle (while in space) while she is doing a repair job, which of Newton's laws of motion will the wrench demonstrate?

1st law of motion

What surprised Newton when he started studying at the university?

2,000 year old ideas had never been examined in a scientific way.

A baseball hit with a wooden bat travels further than a it does when hit with a plastic bat.

2nd law

A golfer hits a ping pong ball and a golf ball. The ping pong ball flies 10 feet and the golf ball flies 50 yards.

2nd law

You hit a ping pong ball and a tennis ball with a tennis racket. The ping pong ball will travel farther.

2nd law

A space shuttle propels gas particles out of the back of the space shuttle and is able to travel forward through space.

3rd law

Newton's Cradle is a tool that is used to demonstrate Newton's ___ law.

3rd law of motion

When you blow up a balloon and let it go it flies across the room. This is due to Newton's ____________ law.

3rd law of motion

While sitting on the couch, I am pushing down on it and it is pushing up on me. Which of Newton's laws of motion is this demonstrating?

3rd law of motion

How much force is needed to accelerate a 38 kg block at 1.2 m/s2?

45.6 N

It takes 34.1 newtons of force to accelerate an object at 6.53 m/s2, what would be the mass of the object?

5.22 kg

How much force is needed to accelerate a 23 kg block at 4.2 m/s2?

96.6 N

What is friction?

A force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact with each other.

At Oxford, which scientist influenced Newton the most?

Dr. Robert Hooke

What is the formula to calculate force?

F=ma

If you throw your clothes on the floor before going to bed and they are still there in the morning; that is an example of which of Newton's laws?

Newton's 1st law

Write a paragraph of no less than five sentences explaining how Newton's First Law of Motion supports people's need to wear seat belts when riding in a moving car. Remember to use proper grammar and mechanics when writing your paragraph.

Newton's 1st law states that An object in motion will remain in motion and an object at rest will remain at rest unless they are acted upon by an unbalanced force. Once the car stops your body still wants to move forward. If you don't have your belt on then you will most likely just go through the wind shield. Also if you are not wearing your belt the air bag would most likely deploy and hurt you very bad. Your seatbelt keeps this from happening, it keeps your body in a position so that the bag will not hurt you very bad.

In a paragraph of five to eight sentences explain Newton's first Law of Inertia and why the egg in the egg drop experiment lands in the glass of water. Remember to use proper grammar and mechanics when writing your paragraph.

Newton's 1st law states that An object in motion will remain in motion and an object at rest will remain at rest unless they are acted upon by an unbalanced force. When you nock the pan and roll out of the way this doesn't apply any force to the egg. Once they are out of the way Gravity then causes the egg to fall into the glass cup.

The formula Force = mass x acceleration comes from which of Newton's laws?

Newton's 2nd law of motion

The _______________ is the point in an object where there is as much weight on one side as on the other side. This is also called the center of balance.

center of gravity

The point in an object where the mass is concentrated is called the ____________ .

center of gravity

Without the force of gravity, an object pushed into space would ______ .

continue to move forward

The first area of science that fascinated (interested) Newton was the study of ____ .

light

A substance that can be applied to a surface that reduces the friction is called a ___.

lubricant

Astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) float because they are weightless even though their _______ is the same as when they are on earth.

mass

The amount of matter in an object is called the ____.

mass

On the moon, your mass would remain the same, while your weight would be different due to a decrease in gravity.

mass, and weight

According to Newton's 2nd law, acceleration of an object depends on the ________ of an object and the _____________ .

mass; amount of force

In what kind of terms did Newton express his laws?

mathematical

Newton realized that the gravitational pull of the ___ and the ____ create the ocean tides on earth.

moon, Sun, Moon, Sun, sun, moon

The unit we use to measure force is ---

newtons (N)

Newton created his first famous experiment of light using two ___.

prisms

When white light travels through a prism, what colors are shown?

red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet

When two surfaces are pressing together but are not moving, they are demonstrating ___ friction.

static

The parts of two objects that rub together to cause friction are their ___ areas.

surface

After Newton proved white light is a combination of different colors, he decided he needed to invent a new kind of ___.

telescope

During his early years at the university, Newton realized that one can't just claim universal laws. The universal law must be subject to observation, rigorous ___ , and mathematical proof.

testing

Ancient scientists believed that all light was white because it came from ____.

the heavens

For every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction is the _______ .

third law of motion

Whether an object feels heavy or light is an indication of its ____ .

weight

What color is not present when white light travels through a spectrum?

white

An object with less mass will accelerate with [answer] speed than an object with more mass when acted upon by the same amount of force.

greater, Greater, More, more

A(n) ___ is what scientists call a proposed answer to a problem based on known facts that are used as a basis for further experimentation.

hypothesis

The tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion is called ________.

inertia

The tendency of an object to resist change in its motion is called ______ .

inertia

When the surface irregularities don't have the opportunity to grab each other due to the movement of the surfaces, they are demonstrating ___ friction.

kinetic

Taller vehicles such as tractor trailers are not as safe in windy conditions because they have a higher center of _____.

gravity

What force keeps the planets in their orbit?

gravity

If it takes 42.9 newtons of force to accelerate an object at 3.2 m/s2, what would be the mass of the object?

13.41 kg

A basketball continues to roll until it hits something

1st law

The bike you are riding hits a hole and stops quickly, but you fly over the handlebars.

1st law

Explain how your experiment either agreed with Galileo or led you to a different conclusion. Answer with three to five complete sentences and use proper grammar and mechanics.

At first I thought the same as Galileo that the heavier ball would hit the ground first. But this didn't happen, they ended up hitting the ground at the same time. I was very surprised over this. Every objects on Earth free fall at the same speed. Because the 9.8 N/kg gravitational field on Earth's surface causes a 9.8 m/s/s acceleration of any object or thing put there, this can be known as the acceleration of gravity.

A ball rolls across the floor and it does not stop until it hits the wall; which of Newton's Laws of Motion does this demonstrate?

First Law of Motion

Match the correct law of motion with the description.

First Law of Motion Law of Inertia Second Law of Motion F=ma Third Law of Motion Action/reaction

Give two examples of how friction is helpful.

Friction is very helpful to use every single day of our lives. Friction allows us to create fires and even walk.

We know that every object exerts an attraction on every other object and the heavier the object the _______ the attraction.

Greater Stronger more stronger More greater

In the Olympic sport of curling, the curlers put drops of _____ on the ice to make the stone glide further.

H20, water

Which scientist did Newton work with to study the orbits of comets?

Halley

In a paragraph of no less than three sentences, explain why pulling a suitcase with rollers is easier than dragging one across the floor. Remember to use proper grammar and mechanics when writing your paragraph.

Having wheels on a suitcase makes it so much easier than dragging it. This is because the wheels on the bottom turn as you are moving it and provides less force and friction.

In the experiment with the large textbook(s) and pushing with your pinky finger, which was more difficult to push and why? What does this have to do with friction? Please use proper grammar and mechanics.

I noticed that it was harder to push the two books instead of the one book. The reason for this is because the more mass an object has the more friction it will create when you try to move it.

Which hypothesis did you pick before doing the experiment and why? Give your answer in at least two well-developed sentences.

I think that the heaviest ball is going to hit the ground first. Because it has more weight and mass than the lighter ball.

In 2-3 sentences, explain in detail your conclusion from the experiment.

I was shocked that the two balls it the ground at the same time. I thought that the heaviest one was going to hit the ground first. But I guess because the heaviest ball has more mass it needs more force to make it accelerate faster to hit the ground first.

Newton's first law of motion is also called the Law of _____ .

Inertia

The force of gravity on Earth is _________ than the force of gravity on the moon.

Larger

Engineers at the NASA must determine the net force needed for a rocket to achieve an acceleration of 69.5 m/s2. If the rocket is 47,432 kg, how much net force must the rocket develop?

Mass 47,432 kg Acceleration 69.5 m/s2 Force 3,296,524 N

In three to four sentences, explain the difference between mass and weight. Remember to use proper grammar and mechanics.

Mass and weight are two different things. Mass is how much matter an object contains and is measured in grams or kilograms. Weight is the measure of gravity on an object and is measured in newtons. So weight is how much you weigh and mass is how much matter that something has in it.

What were the two balls you used in the experiment and what was their approximate mass? Remember this should be a metric measurement.

The basketball that I was using was about 22 ounces. The little rubber ball that I used was around 5 ounces.

Give two of the reasons given in the lesson that makes it impossible for the Myth Busters to pull the telephone books apart.

The Myth Buster's were not able to pull the book apart because the book had to large of a surface area. This and that the pages are not made of smooth paper which allows them to grip each other and provide that much more resistance.

What was Galileo's conclusion after thinking about this problem?

The heavier ball would hit the ground first.

In three to five complete sentences, explain why it is important to repeat an experiment many times in the same way. Remember to use proper grammar and mechanics.

The reason why we should perform them so many times is because humans are not perfect and can make mistakes. Scientists sometimes do this hundreds of times so they know for sure that they have the right answer.

In the experiment with the 2 toy cars, did they move the same or differently? How did the results compare to your hypothesis? Use complete sentences to answer this question. Remember to use proper grammar and mechanics when writing your sentences.

This was a very fun experiment to perform. The toy cars performed differently on the two surfaces. On the towel surface it moved a lot slower than what it did on the cardboard.

In a paragraph of five to eight sentences describe the refraction of the light from the flashlight on the milky water. Remember to use proper grammar and mechanics when writing your paragraph.

When I conducted this experiment it was very cool to see the light and how it refracted in the milky water. This was very interesting and amazing at the same time. When the light wave hits the water and slows down it bends and tricks your eyes and brain into thinking it is bending.

Describe your experiment using the plastic bottles filled with different amounts of water. How many tests with each bottle did you run? What were the differences between the tests? Did you run into any problems during the testing? What were your results? What was your conclusion from your observations?

When I did the experiment I noticed that the lighter the bottle was the further it traveled down the slide. When I did the first test with the bottle completely filled I realized that it accelerated fast but then slowed down the further it went down the slide. With the lighter half filled bottle it accelerated slower but moved faster as it moved down the slide. Between these two experiments the half filled bottle moved a little further than the heavier completely filled bottle. With the empty bottle it traveled even further down the slide than the both of them.

In a paragraph of four to six sentences, describe what you observed when you placed your straight object into the glass of water. Remember to use proper grammar and mechanics when writing your paragraph.

When I put the pencil into the water I did not think that anything was going to happen. But to my surprise something did happen. It looked as if the pencil was cut in half and was balancing itself inside the water! This was very interesting to se how waves of light can be changed by something as simple as water.

In two or three complete sentences, explain why, when a bag of apples and a single apple are dropped from the same height, they hit the ground at the same time even though the bag of apples has more mass. Remember to use proper grammar and mechanics when writing your sentences.

When the person dropped the bag of apples and the single apple I thought that the bag of apples were going to hit first. But surprisingly it didn't, they hit the ground at the same time. The reason is because the bag of apples is heavier and needs more force to be able to accelerate faster and hit the ground first.

What did Newton use to get his laws out to other scientists and the general public?

a book

The rate at which velocity changes over time is called ____ .

acceleration

The rate of change of velocity is called _______ .

acceleration

What force pulls an object flying through the air to the ground?

gravity

If you apply the same force to items with different mass, they will accelerate at [answer] speeds.

differing, different, varying, Different

The state of motion is a speed and a _____ .

direction

Producing a desired effect with little energy or waste is being ________ .

efficient

According to the Law of Inertia, an object at rest will stay (remain) at rest unless acted upon by a(n) ____ .

force

The amount of friction depends on the surface type and the _______ pressing two surfaces together.

force

What causes a flat piece of paper to land on the ground after the paper that was crumpled up?

friction

Which surface will produce the most amount of friction?

gravel running track