27 - Female Reproductive System

Ovaries: 1) gonads 2) Broad ligament of the uterus, Mesovarium 3) Ovarian ligament 4) Suspensory ligament

Ovaries: 1) Known as the female _____. 2) The inferior portion of the parietal peritoneum envelops the uterus and forms the _____. The ovary is anchored to this membrane by a portion of it called the _____. 3) Anchors ovary to uterus 4) Anchors ovary to pelvic wall. This ligament contains the arteries, veins, nerves, and lymphatics of the ovary.

External Female Genitalia: 1) Mons Pubis 2) Vulva 3) Labia Majora 4) labia Minora 5) Clitoris 5a) Glans 6) Vestibule 7) Paraurethral Glands 8) Greater Vestibular Glands 9) Lesser Vestibular Glands

External Female Genitalia: 1) Area of anterior portion of pubic region, covered with pubic hair, has a soft adipose pad. 2) A general term which refers to the area containing the female external genitalia. 3) Form the lateral boundaries of the vulva. Hair covers prominent folds, 4) Smaller folds medial to (3). No hair and few glands. 5) Homologous to the penis in the male except it does not contain the urethra. Functions in sexual arousal of female. Composed of erectile tissue and located in anterior portion of vulva. Mostly covered by skin of junction of labia minora. 5a) the exposed portion is called the _____. 6) Cleft between labia minora. Contains the two openings called the vaginal and urethral orifice. 7) Homologous to male prostate. Tiny glands on either side of vaginal orifice, which secrete mucous. 8) homologous to male bulbourethral glands. Open on either side of vaginal orifice. Supplement lubrication. 9) Multiple small mucous secreting glands, which open into vestibule of female

Histology of the Ovary: 1) Germinal epithelium 2) Tunica Albuginea 3) Medullary region 4) Cortical region 4a) Ovarian follicles, Primary (Primordial) follicles, Secondary (Growing) follicles, Mature (Graafian) follicles. 5) Corpus Luteum

Histology of the Ovary: 1) Outermost layer - composed of simple cuboidal epithelium. 2) Immediately deep to (1), a layer of CT, responsible for giving ovary its whitish appearance. 3) Innermost region of ovary, contains mostly just blood vessels and some loose CT. 4) Not well delineated from (3), but represents area between (3) and (2). 4a) Contains the _____, of which there are three types: _____, _____, _____. 5) These are small glandular bodies that remain in the ovary after the ovum has been ovulated. Synthesize progesterone and estrogen.

Mammary Glands: 1) Lobes 2) Adipose tissue 3) Milk production. 4) Secondary 5) Areola 6) Estrogen, Progesterone 7) FSH

Mammary Glands: 1) Composed of 15-20 irregularly shaped _____ or compartments, which are composed of glandular tissue. 2) Lobes are separated by _____. 3) Function? 4) Considered a _____ sex characteristic 5) The dark tissue around the nipple. 6) increase in size, nipple prominence, and gland development during puberty are a result of secretion of _____ and _____ by the ovary. 7) Ovary activity is ultimately controlled by _____.

Mammary Histology: 1) lobules 2) Alveoli 3) Suspensory ligaments of Cooper 4) Secondary Tubules 5) Ampullae 6) Lactiferous ducts 7) Nipple

Mammary Histology: 1) Each lobe is composed of smaller compartments called _____. 2) Composed of grape-like clusters of _____. 3) Separated by CT, which form supportive strands called the _____. 4) Milk produced in the alveoli is secreted into _____, which flow into larger mammary ducts. 5) Just before reading the nipple, mammary ducts expand into sinuses called _____. 6) From the ampullae milk flows into _____. 7) These terminate into the _____.

Perineum: 1) Diamond-shaped area between thighs. Boundaries are symphysis pubis, 2 ischial tuberosities, and coccyx. 2) Urogenital triangle, Anal triangle 3) Episiotomy

Perineum: 1) What is it and where are the boundaries? 2) This is separated into two triangles known as the _____ and the _____. 3) An incision made laterally from the vaginal orifice prior to delivery to control tearing.

Uterine (fallopian) tubes: 1) Infundibulum 2) Fimbriae 3) Ampulla 4) Isthmus 5) Uterine portion 6) Ciliated columnar and secretory cells 7) Muscular layer 8) Serous membrane 9) Ectopic Pregnancy

Uterine (fallopian) tubes: 1) Funnel-shaped terminal portion that is open ended and lies close to the ovary. 2) Many finger-like projections that ring the opening of the fallopian tube and extend toward the ovary. 3) A wide thin walled portion adjacent to the infundibulum. This is the region where fertilization of the ovum normally takes place. 4) Thick walled portion adjacent to the uterus - somewhat constricted lumen. 5) Portion within the substance of the uterus. 6) Epithelium of the lumen. 7) Middle histological layer? 8) Outer layer? 9) If ovum fails to enter the fallopian tube, it may implant in pelvic viscera after it is fertilized. These usually fail. If a fertilized ovum implants in this area, a fetus will start to grow. If allowed to continue, fallopian tube will rupture and cause internal bleeding.

Uterus Blood Supply: 1) Uterine arteries, internal iliac arteries 2) Arcuate arteries, Radial arteries 2a) Straight arterioles 2b) Spiral arterioles

Uterus Blood Supply: 1) Blood supply is via _____, which are branches of the _____. 2) These form _____, which circle the organ under the serosa and give off _____ that penetrate the myometrium and branch into two types of arterioles within the endometrium. 2a) The stratum basalis receives _____ 2b) The stratum functionalis receives _____, which change during menstrual cycle and are sloughed off along with the stratum functionalis during menstruation.

Uterus Histology: 1) Endometrium 1a) Stratum Functionalis 1b) Stratum Basalis 2) Myometrium 3) Serous Layer

Uterus Histology: 1) Innermost layer, can be broken down into two more layers. 1a) Layer closest to uterine cavity. Changes during ovarian cycle and is shed during menstruation. 1b) Permanent layer. Does not change. Produces a new (1a) following menstruation. 2) Middle Layer. Forms bulk of uterine wall. 3) Outermost layer. Part of the interior portion of parietal peritoneum. Becomes the broad ligament anteriorly.

Uterus: 1) Fundus 2) Body 3) Cervix 4) Uterine cavity 5) Cervical canal 6) Site of implantation of fertilized ovum and subsequent development of fetus. 7) Broad ligament, round ligament of the uterus

Uterus: 1) Rounded portion above the entrance of the fallopian tubes and the uterine cavity. 2) Major portion of the organ. 3) Inferior narrowed portion, which opens into the vagina. 4) Space inside the body of the uterus 5) Space inside the cervix 6) Function 7) Held in place by the _____ and the _____.

Vagina: 1) Fornix 2) Stratified squamous epithelium 3) Rugae 4) Hymen 5) Imperforate Hymen

Vagina: 1) A recess, which rings the most inferior portion of the cervix, the uppermost recess of the vagina 2) Type of epithelium in the mucosa 3) Has transverse folds called _____. 4) A thin fold of mucous membrane that surrounds and often partially covers the opening externally of the vagina. 5) A condition where (4) completely covers the external entrance of the vagina and interferes with the normal discharge of menstrual flow.