3 methods of genetic transfer in bacteria

TRANSDUCTION

uses a vector/carrier, like a virus or bacteriophage. transfers DNA from cell to another cell. recombination occurs, mixing the vectors package with the cells dna, becoming a factory for it. this is how viruses attack cells and multiply.

TRANSFORMATION

NAKED DNA can pick up other DNA from the environment, even if dead, then recombine. Griffith's Experiment Proved; with S. pnemoniae. Took samples of strain with smooth capsule and killed it with heat. Mixed it with rough strain without capsule. Injected it in mouse, mouse died because the "dead" smooth capsule recombined with the rough and came back to life.

CONJUCATION. Horizontal gene transfer.

Sex & The Single Bacteria requires physical contact beween alive & related cells, one who has a plasmid. They connect via a pillus. + train has plasmid. plasmid replicates and goes acros pillus into - cell. Recombination allows for gene expression .