30, 31 & 34 Quiz 5
Listen to Mozart's Symphony no. 40, first movement, and Zwilich's Symphony no. 1, first movement, and concentrate on how the pieces are similar and different. Notice how both pieces are symphonic but display very different musical characteristics. Answer the following questions as you listen from one recording to the other. Whereas Mozart's Symphony no. 40, first movement, uses sonata form to develop its themes, Zwilich's Symphony no. 1, first movement, uses a motive, or _______, as the building block for a continuously evolving structure.
motto
This chapter gave you a brief overview of American music so that you have a general sense of the country's musical atmosphere. Read each statement below and categorize it according to the century in which it occurred.
see picture
What is the title of this piece?
"Ah, Love, but a Day"
What is the title of this piece?
"Fanfare for the Common Man"
What is the title of this piece?
"It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing)"
What is the title of this piece?
"Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair"
Which of the following techniques does this music employ?
A canon
Which of the following does the music employ?
A soprano and dulcimer
Who is the composer of this work?
Aaron Copland
Which of the following composition techniques did Charles Ives not use?
Algorithmic
This music is most appropriately associated with what genre?
Blues
IVES, The Unanswered Question (1906) Chamber Orchestra, Repeating Motive, Quiet Tempo, No Meter
Chamber Orchestra, Repeating Motive, Quiet Tempo, No Meter very soft flute
Who is the composer of this work?
Charles Ives
BESSIE SMITH, "Lost Your Head Blues" (1926)
Classic Blues, Five Choruses of 12-Bar Blues, Quadruple Meter trumpet bluesssy i was with oyu babby, cornet
Charles Ives was raised in
Connecticut.
Who is the composer of this work?
Duke Ellington
Which composer won a Pulitzer Prize for the symphony Three Movements for Orchestra?
Ellen Taaffe Zwilich
Who is the composer of this work?
Ellen Taaffe Zwilich
The uniquely American popular music style known as ragtime was first played by composer Scott Joplin.
False
COPLAND, "Fanfare for the Common Man" (1942)
Fanfare, Theme and Variations, Very deliberately, Quadruple Meter Starts with a loud gong
The blues as an idiom was most influenced by which of the following?
Field hollers and work songs
What is the name for hymns or psalm tunes with brief polyphonic sections that have imitative entrances?
Fuging tunes
Which of the following elements is not characteristic of traditional African music?
Harmony in the form of chordal accompaniment
What did Aaron Copland do for a short period in the 1950s?
He wrote serial compositions.
What is the texture of the selection?
Homophonic
What is the meter here?
Indeterminable
What is the name of the singing practice in which a leader sings each phrase of a song alone and then pauses for the rest of the group to repeat the phrase?
Lining out
The most important jazz soloist in the Chicago style was
Louis Armstrong on the trumpet.
Which of the following is not an Aaron Copland ballet?
Of Mice and Men
Which idiom combines regular, sectional formal structure, an emphasis on works for piano, and syncopated rhythms influenced by African music?
Ragtime
Which of the styles listed below best describes this music?
Ragtime
Which of the following were among the transcendentalist writers of the romantic period?
Ralph Waldo Emerson Correct Henry David Thoreau Correct Amy Beach Correct Edgar Allan Poe Correct George C. Bingham
Which characteristics of American are African in origin?
Reliance on notated music Swing rhythm Highly structured song forms
What is the most notable feature of this excerpt?
Scat singing
Who is the composer of this work?
Scott Joplin
Which of the styles listed below best describes this music?
Swing
What is the title of this piece?
The Unanswered Question
What type of instrumental group plays this music?
The brass and percussion families
The trumpet poses a question that is answered by what instrument(s)?
The woodwinds
"Nature is the best dictator, for all the hard dry rules will not enable any Person to form an Air without Genius. Nature must inspire the thought." Who said this?
William Billings
Who is the composer of this work?
William Billings
The growth of serious secular music in the major cities of the Colonies was brought on by
a growing middle class.
Aaron Copland's "Fanfare for the Common Man" is written for
brass and percussion.
The most outstanding feature of New Orleans jazz is
collective improvisation.
Charles Ives's music contains all of the following except
gamelan music.
This piece begins with a
germ motive.
The texture of the selection is:
homophonic.
Blues and jazz are uniquely American music in that they combine elements from both African and European sources. First, listen to the two clips and familiarize yourself with the sounds of both continents. Then, decide whether the musical characteristic described below are of African or European origin and categorize each characteristic accordingly.
see pic
The music of the first settlers in the United States was heavily influenced by
their European homelands.
Some composers realized they could attract American audiences to the opera house by translating operatic stories into English, replacing recitatives with spoken dialogue, and shortening arias. These operas were referred to as
Englished.
Which of the following is a difference between the two pieces?
"Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair" is notated, whereas "Lost Your Head Blues" is not.
What is the title of this piece?
"Lost Your Head Blues"
What is the title of this piece?
"Maple Leaf Rag"
What is this piece called?
"Village Celebration"
The swing era is associated with what time period, city, and ensemble?
1935-1950, New York, Big Band
Which romantic-era writer wrote each popular work listed below? Select the number associated with the correct writer's name in the dropdown. One author's name will not be used.
3 "The Tell-Tale Heart" poe 4 The Pilot cooper 1 Walden Thoreu
This music employs a call and response between the singer and what?
A cornet
Which of the following voices do you hear in this excerpt?
A soprano and a baritone
MENDE TRIBE OF SIERRA LEONE, Village Celebration (1962)
African Tribal Music, Quadruple Meter with Polyrhythms tribe music straight upppp yooooo SA
What culture's music is this piece most appropriately associated with?
African tribal music
Name the composer and the dates for Three Browning Songs and The Canticle of the Sun.
Amy Beach composed these works in 1900 and 1928.
Why did Aaron Copland began composing music based on regional American themes?
Because he was dissatisfied with the growing distance between the concert-going public and contemporary composers
Which of the following musicians was a prominent blues singer?
Bessie Smith
Who is the composer of this work?
Bessie Smith
Which of the following American classical composers were directly influenced by the new styles of jazz that were developing during the 1940s?
John Philip Sousa Correct George Gershwin Correct William Grant Still Correct Aaron Copland Correct Amy Beach
Fill in the statements below with the appropriate names. Not all names will be used.
Louis Armstrong was one of the most influential jazz musicians of all time, inspiring musicians with both his virtuosic trumpet playing and his scat singing. Scott Joplin was a famous ragtime player from the turn of the century, whose "Maple Leaf Rag" is still performed today. Nicknamed the Empress of the Blues, Bessie Smith recorded hundreds of records, appeared in films, and performed with numerous jazz artists. One of the foremost figures of the big band era, Duke Ellington was eventually regarded as one of the great American composers. Jazz was American music, and as such, it eventually included musicians of all races. Benny Goodman, a clarinetist, was one of the more popular white swing band leaders.
Which composer used exotic musical materials such as African-Caribbean rhythms and Creole melodies?
Louis Moreau Gottschalk
Who performs this traditional piece?
Mende Tribe of Sierra Leone
What is the texture of the selection?
Monophonic progressing to polyphonic
Which description best fits the melody?
Mostly disjunct (notes are at wide intervals)
Which of the following changes would make "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair" sound more stylistically similar to "Lost Your Head Blues"?
Play the accompaniment in a swing rhythm.
Listen to Mozart's Symphony no. 40, first movement, and Zwilich's Symphony no. 1, first movement, and concentrate on how the pieces are similar and different. Notice how both pieces are symphonic but display very different musical characteristics. Answer the following questions as you listen from one recording to the other. Which of the following is a major difference in instrumentation between the two pieces?
Presence of percussion
Listen to Mozart's Symphony no. 40, first movement, and Zwilich's Symphony no. 1, first movement, and concentrate on how the pieces are similar and different. Notice how both pieces are symphonic but display very different musical characteristics. Answer the following questions as you listen from one recording to the other. What is a good way to characterize the differing rhythmic aspects of the two pieces?
Steady versus irregular
Who composed "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair"?
Stephen Foster
Who is the composer of this work?
Stephen Foster
ELLINGTON, "It Don't Mean a Thing If It Ain't Got That Swing" (1932)
Swing Jazz, AABA, Quadruple Meter yo favorite jazz song bb. dont mean a thing if you aint got that swing
What genre most appropriately describes this music?
Symphony
What is the title of this piece?
Symphony no. 1, I
Listen to Mozart's Symphony no. 40, first movement, and Zwilich's Symphony no. 1, first movement, and concentrate on how the pieces are similar and different. Notice how both pieces are symphonic but display very different musical characteristics. Answer the following questions as you listen from one recording to the other. Which of the following describes a difference in form between the two pieces?
Symphony no. 40, first movement, is symmetrical, whereas Symphony no. 1, first movement, is unbalanced.
ZWILICH, Symphony no. 1, first movement (1983)
Symphony, Three Sections, Tempo Varies lightly escalating winds
Which statement is true?
The pianist's left hand keeps the beat while the right hand plays syncopation.
What note of the scale is rarely, if ever, lowered when singing blues?
The second
What is polytonality?
The use of two or more keys at the same time in a composition
Which statement is false?
This complex music relies upon sophisticated notation.
Listen to Mozart's Symphony no. 40, first movement, and Zwilich's Symphony no. 1, first movement, and concentrate on how the pieces are similar and different. Notice how both pieces are symphonic but display very different musical characteristics. Answer the following questions as you listen from one recording to the other. Indicate all the ways that Mozart's Symphony no. 40, first movement, and Zwilich's Symphony no. 1, first movement, differ musically.
Use of duple meter Use of string section Harmonic system Use of symphonic genre
What part of Africa is most likely to hold the origins of jazz and is the homeland of most Africans who were brought to the Americas as slaves?
Western Africa
Listen again to "Lost Your Head Blues" by Smith and answer the following questions.
What instruments accompany the singer? Just piano Piano and banjo Cornet and piano Correct Electric guitar and bass What is the text of the song about? A woman is sorry that her daughter is planning to marry the man the woman would like to marry. A woman is worried about her son, who is in prison. A woman is very sorry for an accident she caused and admits she has a drinking problem. A woman who stayed with her man when he was poor is now lonesome because he left her when he came into money. Correct Are there any lines of text that repeat as the song is sung? If so, is there a pattern to those repetitions? Yes, every chorus starts with the same text as the other choruses, but then the next two lines of each chorus are new. No, no lines of text repeat. Yes, the text varies very little from one verse to the other. It is the melody that tends to change with each chorus. Yes, each chorus has a line of text that is repeated, then a new line of text. Correct What African musical traditions are present in this music? The banjo developed from an African musical instrument, and it is used here. The use of blue notes and call-and-response comes from African traditions. Correct The text includes some words from West African dialects. The 12-bar form is found all over Africa. What is the form of this song? ABA 12-bar blues Correct 8-bar blues An African version of rondo form What is the meter? Quadruple Correct There is no steady beat or recognizable form. Sextuple Triple If you were going to describe this composition to a friend, what might you say? This is a great example of blues from the twenties. It is downhearted and played to a relaxed, unevenly subdivided beat. Correct The banjo player is so great that he or she takes attention away from the singer. This music sounds much lighter and happier than it should, given what the song is about. This song sounds more like rock and roll of the 1950s than early blues.
A major difference in instrumentation between the two songs is that "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair" uses a _______, whereas "Lost Your Head Blues" uses a _______.
dulcimer; piano
Charles Ives had a successful career
in life insurance.
JOPLIN, Maple Leaf Rag (1899)
old time piano lolol Piano Rag, AABBACCDD, Tempo di marcia, Duple Meter
isten to Foster's "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair" and Smith's "Lost Your Head Blues" and concentrate on how the pieces are similar and different. Both pieces are American popular songs but are obviously very different in style. Pay attention to the musical characteristics that contribute to the difference in style. Answer the following questions as you listen from one recording to the other. Although different in many aspects, both songs use _______ form.
strophic
Many of the Pilgrims loved and practiced music, but
they had little spare time for entertainment, so most music was for use in religious services only.
The philosophy of transcendentalism was embraced by thinkers who broke with tradition, arguing that humans should reject authority and view the natural world as divine.
true
By 1770, there was a group of American composers with enough in common to be considered a "school." The leader of this school was
William Billings.
What is the title of this piece?
"When Jesus Wept"
Which of the following musical characteristics occur more often in "Lost Your Head Blues" than in "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair"? Check all that apply.
Call and response Rubato
What is a fanfare?
A fanfare is a dance that was popular in the early spring. There are no traditions regarding the use of the term fanfare. It is just something that Copland made up. A fanfare is an imaginary being that played a part in many stories told in the nineteenth century. Traditionally, fanfares have been used to introduce royal or state leaders in public situations. Correct What two families of musical instruments do you hear in this piece? Brass and percussion Correct Low bowed string (cellos and basses) and woodwinds Bowed string and plucked string Woodwinds and high brass What is the mood of this piece, and does it change by the end? The mood is romantic and emotional at first, and then it becomes lighter and more dance-like. The mood is happy and playful. It does not change by the end. The mood is angry and becomes even more so as the piece progresses. The mood is proud and serious. It becomes stronger and more intense by the end. Correct Do any themes repeat? The two main themes repeat in the middle and again at the end, as is typical of pieces in sonata form. One main theme repeats with some variation. Correct No, there are no repeating themes. There are three main themes that contrast with one another, and they all repeat immediately after they are played the first time, but they do not repeat again at the end of the piece. What is the tempo? Very deliberate Correct Very fast The tempo varies from one extreme to another throughout the piece. Very slow and grave What is the meter? Triple There is no steady beat or recognizable meter. Quadruple Correct Sextuple If you were going to describe this composition to a friend, what might you say? This piece is romantic and would make good movie music. This music belongs in a horror movie where a victim is being stalked. This piece makes an important statement about the fact that a democratic society takes pride in every person, even its most "common" men and women. Correct This is a silly little playful piece that is intended for children to enjoy.
Fill in the statements below with the appropriate names. Some names will not be used.
A great songwriter of the nineteeth century, Stephen Foster wrote songs that were designed to be simple enough that amateurs and hobbyists could play them. Canadian Calixa Lavallée was a virtuoso on many instruments, including the piano, organ, cornet, and violin. By far, his most famous song is "Oh Canada," the national anthem of Canada. A virtuoso pianist from New Orleans, Louis Moreau Gottschalk patterned his performing style after Liszt and was known in Europe as the American Chopin. Led by William Billings, a group of composers in the eighteenth century avoided European models of composition and looked to natural phenomena for inspiration. Composer of Three Browning Songs and The Canticle of the Sun, Amy Beach was also a gifted pianist who toured Europe in the early twentieth century. see picture
Studied composition with Nadia Boulanger, a legendary teacher. Made his living as an insurance salesman and composed in the evenings and on weekends. Composed Three Movements for Orchestra, which won the Pulitzer Prize in music. Often quoted American songs, hymns, and marches in his pieces. Composer of the piece Three Places in New England, in which there is a musical representation of two marching bands playing simultaneously. Composer who started to draw from American regional music in an effort to connect with the general audience. Composer whose work, "Fanfare for the Common Man," showed his patriotic inclinations as the U.S. entered World War II. Composer who often used multiple tempos and tonal centers (polytonality) to create complex, layered music.
Aaron Copland Charles Ives Ellen Taaffe Zwilich Charles Ives Charles Ives Aaron Copland Aaron Copland Charles Ives
FOSTER, "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair" (1854)
American Popular Song, Strophic, Moderato, Quadruple Meter slow piano, reminicent, i dream of jeanie light brown hair
BILLINGS, "When Jesus Wept" (1776)
American fuging tune, Canon, Moderato, Triple Meter Says when jesus wept
Who is the composer of this work?
Amy Beach piano chords aaaalooss whhatt aaa dayyyyyyy
Listen closely to the bass in the introduction. How would you describe the bass line? How many notes do you hear, and do the notes ascend or descend? Which instrument acts as the lead voice in this section? In this section, what are the saxophones playing while the vocalist is singing? During this extended saxophone solo, what does the brass section play? At the end of the piece, what notable thing does the singer do?
The bass line is a four-note descending line. Trumpet Active, melodic material Loud interjections She sings nonsense words and syllables.
The serene opening to this piece is handled exclusively by which family of instruments? Listen for the trumpet theme, which represents the "question." How many notes do you hear in this theme? Each time the trumpet asks the "question," which section replies? How would you describe the meter and tempo of this piece? What happens to the trumpet's last "question"?
The strings Five The woodwinds It has no specific meter or tempo. It is never answered.
Listen again to "When Jesus Wept" by Billings and answer the following questions.
What voice types sing this piece? Tenors, baritones, and basses Sopranos, altos, tenors, and basses Correct Sopranos, second sopranos, and altos One solo soprano What is the texture at the beginning of the piece? Monophonic Correct Some homophonic and some polyphonic, with a homophonic ending Homophonic Polyphonic What does the texture eventually change to? Polyphonic Correct Homophonic It continues to change from homophonic to polyphonic and back. Monophonic What kind of accompaniment joins with the singers? Piano A classical guitar and cello There are no accompanying instruments; the piece is sung a cappella. Correct A string quartet Is any imitation used in this piece? Yes, one voice constantly imitates the other as they each enter singing the same melody. Correct The instruments imitate one another a few times, but the voices do not. Yes, the piano imitates what the singer is singing, but at a lower pitch level. No imitation is used, but the voices sing several different melodies at the same time, creating a rich polyphonic texture. What is the tempo? Allegro Presto Adagio Moderato Correct What is the meter? Triple Correct Sextuple Quadruple There is no steady beat or recognizable meter. If you were going to describe this composition to a friend, what might you say? This is a religious song that is interesting when all four vocal sections begin singing at different times, creating a rich polyphonic texture. Correct This song is reminiscent of the romantic lieder we heard by Schubert and the Schumanns. The name Jesus is in the title, but the song really isn't religious at all. The guitar and cello parts are more important than the singing in this piece.
Listen to Mozart's Symphony no. 40, first movement, and Zwilich's Symphony no. 1, first movement, and concentrate on how the pieces are similar and different. Notice how both pieces are symphonic but display very different musical characteristics. Answer the following questions as you listen from one recording to the other. The Symphony no. 40, first movement, is very tonal and consonant, unlike Symphony no. 1, first movement, which is tense and ________.
dissonant
