305 final exam studyguide

the care skill set related to the use of computers, electronic health records, healthcare technologies, & knowledge generation in a discipline is known as:

informatics competency

another name for data that has meaning is:

information

which of the following statements is correct about the waterfall method?

it is a sequential development process

an ethics approach that emerged from relatively homogenous societies where beliefs were similar and the majority of societal members shared common values is known as:

the Hippocratic tradition

what is computational biology?

the actual process of analyzing and interpreting data

when computers are linked together to facilitate communication and operations within and outside an organization this is known as:

a network

home care telehealth includes many different forms, except?

calling to schedule an appointment

according to Ridley which of the following teaching methods yields the highest retention over a 24 hour period?

peer teaching

variation occurs when workers:

perform the same function in different ways, initiate flaws in the way a process was originally designed, lack of knowledge about the process.

integrating technology into the medication administration cycle helps to reduce errors by:

performing electronic checks against a database of safe medication administration parameters and providing alerts.

games promote critical thinking and teamwork by pushing students to work together in groups to find answers. true or false

true

healthcare professionals must be involved in "meaningful" data collection and reporting. true or false

true

interoperable EHRs using continuity of care documents are foundational to the developement of HIEs. true or false

true

match the partial entry of the 6 health tech innovation 2019 name with its function

1. heartGuide- wearable blood pressure monitor 2. Heartbit- wearable heart rate monitor. 3. IO-wearable blood sugar monitor 4. OpnS- smart hearing aid 5. Smart CL- smoking cessation lighter

which of the following are examples of human-technology interfaces?

EMR, PCA pump, telephones

rapid application development (RAD) is:

a fast way to add functionality through prototyping and user testing.

ethics is best described as

a goal-oriented approach to answering questions that potentially have multiple acceptable answers.

early detection of possible outbreaks can be achieved by gathering data on:

absences from work or school, purchases of healthcare products, including specific types of over-the-counter medications, & laboratory test orders

interoperability is the ability to share information:

across organization

information literacy is:

an intellectual framework for finding, understanding, evaluating, and using information activities that may be accomplished in part through fluency with information technology and sound investigative methods, but most importantly through critical reasoning and discernment.

bioinformatics

an interdisciplinary science with a focus on data management and interpretation for complex biological phenomena that are analyzed and visualized using mathematical modeling and numerical methodologies with predictive algorithms.

BLANK evaluates the system and its components including determining if the system performs appropriately for the user.

analysis

BLANK games bring people together physically and virtually to solve a series of challenges.

augmented reality or virtual reality

assigning passwords to employees so that they can access the secure network is known as:

authentication

BLANK is the process of using software to sort through data to discover patterns and ascertain or establish relationships.

big data

much of our BLANK is unstructured and resides in text files representing more than 75% of an organization's data. this data is not contained in databases and can be easily overlooked. it is important because we can identify patterns and provide meaningful insights.

big data

devices that recognize thumb prints, retina patterns, or facial patterns are known as:

biometric devices

a safety culture is blame-free environment where individuals are able to report errors or near misses without fear of reprimand or punishment. conversely a just culture emphasizes individual accountability and:

both encourages error reporting and seeks to understand workflow and process issues that lead to errors and emphasizes zero tolerance for reckless behavior's

behaviors leading to unintentional data breaches include:

both losing an input device and walking away from a workstation without logging off.

computer science can facilitate:

both the acquisition and manipulation of data and information

practice-based ethics as described by Husted and Husted (1995) focuses on:

bringing about human benefit

a BLANK identifies resources, patterns, and variances in care to prevent costly complications related to chronic conditions and enhances the overall outcomes for patients with chronic illnesses.

case management information system

which one of the following is the component of cognitive science that uses computer modeling through artificial neural networks to try to explain human intellectual abilities?

connectionism

hybrid or blended delivery of courses means that:

courses have both face-to-face and online learning episodes

BLANK is an analytic, logical process with the ultimate goal of forecasting or prediction.

data mining

BLANK projects help organizations discover interesting knowledge; these projects can be predictive, exploratory, or focused on data reduction.

data mining

computer technology has ushered in what has been called the information Age when:

data, information, & knowledge are both accessible and able to be manipulated by more people than ever before in history

John a 78 year old male patient in a hospital is referred to a pulmonary specialist for a consult on his breathing problems. the specialists orders a CT scan of the lungs and is alerted by the EHR that a CT scan was performed 1 week ago. this alert is designed to prevent duplicate testing and is part of which essential EHR component?

decision support system

health information & data in the EHR consists of:

demographics, medical diagnoses, medication list and allergies.

the estimate of how much exposure to a potential hazard would cause varying degrees of health effects is known as:

dose-response assessment

the American Association of Justice suggested that to improve care delivery and to minimize error the most important tools to employ are:

electronic records, and information systems to provide point-of-care decision support and automation.

a major goal of the eHealth initiative is to:

empower consumers to understand their health needs

which of the following is the study of the nature and origin of knowledge- what it means to know?

epistemology

core public health functions include all of the following except:

evaluating webpages for information quality

HIPAA has improved the privacy and security of patient health information by applying the requirements of the HITECH act to the business associates of covered entities & by enhancing the breach notification requirements of the HITECH act. true or false?

false

Meta learning is a subset of artificail intelligence that permits computer to learn either inductively or deductively. inductive machine learning is the process of reasoning and making generalizations or extracting patterns and rules from huge data sets. true or false

false

knowledge workers are those who work with information and generate computer programs to help with knowledge and management. true or false?

false

machine learning combines the predictions from several models. it is helpful when several different models are used in the same project. true or false

false

most workflow redesign efforts are focused on large changes resulting in widespread change that accompanies transformational activities. true or false

false

qualitative data focuses on numbers and frequencies rather than experience and meaning. true or false

false

computer hardware components may be damaged by:

food, drinks, static charges, dropping or jarring hardware

in ethics theory autonomy means:

freedom from controlling interferences

BLANK is the term that reflects the age disparities in the use of computer technology.

gray gap

the user see the effects of their actions on the technology when you bridge the:

gulf of evaluation

the leading cause of death in Berks county, according to the community health assessment is BLANK BLANK

heart disease

bioinformatics tools:

help biomedical informaticist and healthcare personnel tackle the analysis of large data sets.

the dynamic system development method is:

highly iterative

epidemiology is:

identifying things that come upon the people, incidence, prevalence, and control of disease, case finding, case finding and incidence, prevalence, and control of disease.

which of the following is not a goal of evidence based practice?

improve professional satisfaction

one of the ways that healthcare organizations can utilize informatics for patient education is via:

kiosks

which one of the following is the awareness and understanding of a set of information and ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or arrive at a decision?

knowledge

using a clinical practice guideline as a basis for practice is an example of:

knowledge applications

when healthcare professionals work with information and generate information and knowledge as a product, they can be described as:

knowledge workers

health literacy skills include the ability to:

locate and evaluate health information for credibility and quality, analyze the various risk and benefits of treatments, negotiate complex healthcare environment.

organizational financial systems are used to:

manage the expenses & revenue for providing healthcare, reports the fiscal outcomes in order to track them against the organizational goals of an institution, help determine the strategic direction for an organization

according to the class discussion BLANK is an uncommon childhood illness that had a resurgence in 2019

measles

The MACRA QPP has which of the following paths that will be in effect through 2021 and beyond?

merit-based incentive payment system (MIPS) or alternative payment models

which of the following statements are true of multimedia learning tools?

multimedia tools increase student engagement in the learning process and facilitate learning retention.

the EHR function that allows a clinician to enter medication and other care orders directly into a computer including laboratory, microbiology, pathology, radiology, nursing, supply orders, ancillary services, and consults is known as the:

order entry management

simulators encompass a board range of devices, including, but not limited to:

partial task trainers, such as an IV insertion arm, screen-based simulations, including stimulated EHRs, stimulated environments replicating a realistic patient care area, complex computer-driven human patient simulation mannequins.

a surgery tracking board located in family waiting room may report all of the following except:

patient initials

in a collaborative learning environment, the professor does all of the following except:

prepares and delivers content via lectures.

which of the following are ways the EHR eupports accountable care?

provides accurate & up-to-date patient information, identifies patients who qualify for research studies, decreases medical errors, reduce cost

what is data?

raw facts

one of the major outcomes of the Human Genome Project was:

realization that ethical, legal, and social issues will arise from studying human genomes.

according to the joint commission a patient safety issue that results in death serious harm or temporary harm is termed a:

sentinel event

BLANK is data-driven method to eliminate defects, waste, or assess quality control issues. it is aimed at decreasing disparities in a business and manufacturing process through dedicated improvements.

six sigma

the manipulation of a relationship such as pretending to be an employee of the IT office and requesting an employee's password is known as:

social engineering

the process of data mining helps administrators and researchers to:

sort through databases in order to discover important patterns in data, discover or uncover previously unidentified relationships among the data in a database, conducts exploratory analyses looking for hidden patterns in data.

what is a nonvalue-added activity?

steps in a process that are necessary for regulatory or compliance reasons but do not bring the process closer to completion or do not change the product to service for the better.

BLANK can be used to incorporate nursing informatics into the context of patient care, thereby giving students an authentic learning experience that can be applied in clinical practice.

stimulation

a specialized system of data collection to detect trends in the incidence and severity of a specific disease or health related syndrome is also known as:

syndromic surveillance

sources of evidence for practice include:

synthesis of knowledge from research, retrospective or concurrent chart reviews, clinical expertise.

what is biomedical informatics?

the interdisciplinary science of aquiring, structuring, analyzing, and providing access to biomedical data, information, and knowledge. as an academic discipline it is grounded in the principle of computer science, information science, cognitive science, social science, and engineering, as well as the clinical and basic biological sciences.

electronic prompts in a technology-based medication administration system warn against the possibility of drug interactions, allergy, or medication overdose when:

the physician enters the order in the CPOE system, the pharmacist verifies and dispenses the medication, the medication is about the be administered.

optimization is:

the process of moving conditions past their current state and into more efficient and effective method of performing task.

the most reliable source of research evidence for informing practice is:

the randomized controlled trial.

which of the following best describes the central goal of health informatics?

to manage & communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in the delivery of healthcare

telemonitoring systems can be set in an acceptable range of values for an individual patient enrolled in the monitoring program. if the patient's levels go above or below predetermined amounts, the program will alert the appropriate party. this is an explanation of what type of improvement seen in the home telehealth software?

triage

Dr. John Snow can be designed as the "father" of public health informatics true or false

true

MoSCoW stands for "must have, should have, could have and would have." the "should have" requirements are those that would be great to have if possible, but the success for the project does not depend on them being addressed. true or false

true

a motherboard has been called the central nervous system of the computer. true or false?

true

algorithms are typically computer-based recipes or methods with which data mining models are developed. true or false

true

all healthcare organizations ultimately strive for efficient and effective delivery of patient care. true or false

true

another confounding factor affecting the quality and quantity of workflow research is the lack of standardized terminology for this area. true or false

true

artificial intelligence is the field that deals with the conception, development, and implementation of informatics tools based on intelligent technologies. this field attempts to capture the complex processes of human thought and intelligence. true or false?

true

as a result of the provisions of American Recovery and Reinvestment Act healthcare organizations can qualify for financial incentives based on the level of meaningful use achieved. true or false

true

as healthcare professionals we must always consider how the advances in personalized medicine impact our provision of care and how we can take advantage of personalized medicine for our patients. true or false

true

clinical transformation is the complete alteration of the clinical environment and therefore this term should be used cautiously to describe redesign efforts. true or false

true

compliance with HL7 programming standards helps to ensure interoperability of EHRs. true or false

true

data analysis is the process by which data collected during the course of a study is processed to identify trends and patterns of relationships. true or false

true

data mining is concerned with extracting what is needed and it applies statistics to that organizations can gain an advantage by manipulating information for practical applications. true or false

true

decision trees are powerful tools that can be used to mine large data sets and discover previously unknown relationships among the data. true or false

true

ethical dilemmas arise when issues raise questions that cannot be answered with a simple, clearly defined rule, fact or authoritative view. true or false?

true

examining the workflow surrounding the use of technology enables better use of the technology and more efficient work. true or false

true

examining the workflow surrounding the use of technology promotes safer patient care delivery. true or false

true

many health care organizations experience the effects of poorly implemented clinical technology solutions. these effects may be manifested in the form of redundant documentation, nonvalue-added steps, and additional time spent at the computer rather than in direct care delivery. true or false

true

many of the quality reporting measures rely on the healthcare professional's documentation. true or false

true

neural networks represent nonlinear predictive models. true or false

true

observation and documentation of workflow to better understand what is happening in the current environment and how it can be altered is referred to as process or workflow analysis. true or false

true

personalized medicine is the old term. currently the appropriate term is precision medicine. precision medicine may be thought of as the tailoring of medical treatment to the individual characteristics, needs, and preferences of a patient during all stages of care, including prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care. true or false

true

smart pump technologies are designed for safe administration of high-hazard drugs and to reduce adverse drug events during IV medication administration. smart pumps have software that is programmed to reflect the facility's infusion parameters and a drug library that compares normal dosing rates with those programmed into the pump. true or false

true

some analysis and redesign efforts may occur weeks, months, or even years following the implementation of technology. true or false

true

technology can provide a mechanism to improve care delivery and create a safer patient environment, provided it is implemented appropriately and considers the surrounding workflow. true or false

true

technology implemented without consideration of workflow can provide greater patient safety concerns than no technology at all true or false

true

technology implemented without consideration of workflow can provide greater patient safety concerns than no technology at all. true or false

true

technology ought not to be implemented for the sake of automation unless it promises to deliver gains in patient outcomes and proper workflow. true or false

true

the complete sequencing of the human genome has led to systems biology referred to as omics and has elevated scientists' ability from studying one gene or protein to studying fundamental biological processes. true or false

true

the future of health care is based on genomics. true or false

true

the new goal of paying for value and better care, the Medicare access and summary CHIP reauthorization Act of 2015 reformed Medicare payments by making changes that created a quality payment program to replace the hodgepodge system of Medicare reporting programs. true or false

true

the term workflow is sometimes used interchangeably with process or process flows particularly in the context of implementations. true or false

true

to manage change in an organization, healthcare professionals must modify behavior's to produce the intended outcome. true or false

true

today the one of the most prevalent thoughts is that workflow should be adapted to the use of technology given the progress of clinical technology. true or false

true

use of social media in education may promote the development of skills that will support professionals collaboration as students enter the practice arena. true or false

true

we must minimize preventable errors, and one of the most important tools for this purpose is the use of electronic records and information systems to provide point-of-care decision support and automation. true or false

true

BLANK big data resides in text files, which represents more than 75% of an organizations data

unstructured

blank is the term that denotes the ease with which people can use an interface to achieve a particular goal.

usability

a meta-analysis helps to generate new practice evidence and knowledge by:

using statistical methods to combine the results of several quantitative studies.

two ethics approaches that emphasize considerations for human needs and responsibility to meet needs are:

virtue and care ethics

-------- is sometimes thought of as the highest form of common sense, resulting from accumulated knowledge or erudition (deep, thorough learning) or enlightenment (education that results in understanding and the dissemination of knowledge)

wisdom

wisdom and knowledge differ in that:

wisdom is the synthesis of experience, insight, reflection.

when a bar-coding medication system interfered with their workflow, professionals devised BLANK such as removing the armband from the patient and attaching it to the bed because the bar-code reader failed to interpret bar codes when the bracelet curved tightly around a small arm.

workarounds