3611 Skin, Hair and Nails

Which features are important to describe when assessing a skin lesion? Select all that apply. Attachment at base Exudates Color Temperature Shape NOT SURE

Attachment at base, Exudates, Color, Shape Attachment at base It is important to note whether the lesion is pedunculated or sessile. Exudates Color, amount, odor, and consistency of exudates should be assessed. Color It is important to note the color of a skin lesion. Temperature The temperature of lesions is not an important feature to note. Shape It is important to note the shape of a skin lesion.

What type of hair does the nurse expect to palpate covering an adult patient's body? Select all that apply. Terminal Dark Course Fine vellus

Course, Fine vellus Terminal Terminal hair would be expected to be found on the scalp and not palpated over the patient's body. Dark Dark hair may be found on some patients, but this is a hair color to be inspected and not a hair type to be palpated. Course Course hair is expected to be palpated on the scalp, pubis, and axillary areas. Fine vellus The nurse would expect to palpate fine vellus hair over the patient's body.

Which skin examination findings would the nurse consider normal in a 75-year-old patient? Select all that apply. Dry Thin parchment appearance Increased perspiration Wrinkled epidermis Yellow in color

Dry Thin parchment appearance Wrinkled epidermis

As part of a thorough nail assessment, which features are necessary to note on palpation? Select all that apply. Hardness Smoothness Color Thickness Adhesion of nail to nail bed

Hardness Smoothness Thickness Adhesion of nail to nail bed

The nurse notes rough, thickened epidermis on a patient who reports skin irritation and excessive itching. What type of lesion does the nurse suspect? Vesicle Wheal Lichenification Telangiectasia

Lichenification Vesicle A vesicle is an elevated lesion filled with serous fluid. Wheal A wheal is an elevated lesion of cutaneous edema. Lichenification Lichenification refers to a rough, thickened epidermis secondary to skin irritation. Telangiectasia Telangiectasia refers to fine and irregular red lines.

Match the primary skin lesion to its relevant description. Patch Vesicle Cyst Macule A flat, circumscribed area marked by a change in color Flat, nonpalpable, and irregularly shaped Elevated, circumscribed, and encapsulated lesion, filled with liquid Elevated, circumscribed, and superficial, filled with serous fluid

Match the primary skin lesion to its relevant description. Patch Flat, nonpalpable, and irregularly shaped Vesicle Elevated, circumscribed, and superficial, filled with serous fluid Cyst Elevated, circumscribed, and encapsulated lesion, filled with liquid Macule A flat, circumscribed area marked by a change in color

Match the secondary skin lesion to its appropriate description. Scar Fissure Scale Excoriation Replacement of normal skin with fibrous tissue following injury Crack from the epidermis to dermis Keratinized cells manifesting as flaky skin; may be dry or oily and varying in size Loss of the epidermis characterized by a hollowed-out crusted area

Match the secondary skin lesion to its appropriate description. Scar Replacement of normal skin with fibrous tissue following injury Fissure Crack from the epidermis to dermis Scale Keratinized cells manifesting as flaky skin; may be dry or oily and varying in size Excoriation Loss of the epidermis characterized by a hollowed-out crusted area

Which aspects of nevi would the nurse instruct a patient to assess when teaching the common method of distinguishing normal nevi to melanoma? Select all that apply. Symmetry Smell Border Color Diameter

Symmetry Border Color Diameter

The size of normal nevi is typically less than _______ mm.

6

Upon inspection of a patient's face and scalp, the nurse identifies destruction of the hair follicles and associated hair loss, that the patient reports had a sudden onset. What condition does the nurse suspect? Scarring alopecia Folliculitis Hirsutism Alopecia areata

Alopecia areata Scarring alopecia Scarring alopecia is a disorder of the scalp or follicle that results in scarring and destruction of the follicles and permanent hair loss. Folliculitis Folliculitis is an inflammation and infection of the hair follicle and surrounding dermis. Hirsutism Hirsutism is the growth of terminal hair in women in the male pattern on the face, body, and pubic areas. Alopecia areata Alopecia areata is the sudden, rapid, patchy loss of hair, usually from the scalp and face.

When assessing a skin lesion, which configurations are important for the nurse to note? Select all that apply. Annular Grouped Raised Linear Arciform

Annular Grouped Arciform Linear

What are the skin features that should be assessed as part of a comprehensive skin exam? Select all that apply. Color Thickness Symmetry Underlying fat Turgor

Color Thickness Symmetry Turgor

A patient presents with an oozing skin lesion. Which features regarding the exudate should the nurse note? Select all that apply. Consistency Amount Color Temperature Odor

Consistency Amount Color Odor

What finding would the nurse record as normal when palpating the patient's nails? Boggy Soft Firm Separation of nail base

Firm

A reduction in the number of functioning melanocytes is responsible for what age-related change in older adults? Increased skin elasticity Gray hair Increased perspiration Thicker skin

Gray hair Increased skin elasticity Older adults typically have decreased skin elasticity, resulting in more wrinkles. Gray hair Gray hair occurs with age and results from a reduction in the number of functioning melanocytes. Increased perspiration Sweat gland activity decreases in older adults, resulting in less perspiration. Thicker skin The epidermis typically thins with age.

Which findings, related to hair examination, would the nurse note as normal in an 80-year-old patient? Select all that apply. Gray hair Vellus hair on nares Vellus hair on scalp Hirsutism Loss of axillary hair

Gray hair Vellus hair on scalp Loss of axillary hair

The nurse notes nails with smooth, even edges, consistent thickness, and a pink coloring with a green tinge in the nail bed. Which finding would the nurse note as abnormal? Smooth edges Consistent thickness Green tinge Even edges NOT SURE

Green tinge

When assessing the location and distribution of skin lesions, for which features should the nurse look? Select all that apply. If the lesion is generalized or localized Color of the lesion On which region of the body the lesion appears Patterns of lesion distribution If the lesion is discrete or confluent

If the lesion is generalized or localized On which region of the body the lesion appears Patterns of lesion distribution If the lesion is discrete or confluent

When assessing a patient's nevus, the nurse knows that which characteristic is considered abnormal? Brown color Irregular borders Found on the neck Raised surface

Irregular borders

The nurse is inspecting the nails of a patient and notes median nail dystrophy. What findings are suggestive of this condition? Midline ridge or split, and report of nail biting Loosening of the nail plate, and report of nail trauma Bleeding beneath the nail, with report of recent infection Transverse depression in the nail bed, and report of pain

Midline ridge or split, and report of nail biting Midline ridge or split, and report of nail biting Medial nail dystrophy is the result of habitual nail picking or biting. Loosening of the nail plate, and report of nail trauma Onycholysis Is the loosening of the nail plate that begins at the distal groove. Bleeding beneath the nail, with report of recent infection Subungual hematomas, bleeding beneath the nail plate, are the result of trauma, not infection. Transverse depression in the nail bed, and report of pain Beau lines are transverse depressions in the nail bed, but are not associated with pain.

The nurse pinches the skin to assess what feature? Select all that apply. Color Texture Mobility Temperature Turgor

Mobility Turgor

The nurse is examining a newborn and understands that which color changes are normal for this patient? Select all that apply. Mottling Acrocyanosis Intense and persistent yellowing Deep pink areas Hyperpigmented areas

Mottling Acrocyanosis Deep pink areas Hyperpigmented areas

When inspecting the hands and feet of a newborn, what finding normal can suggest the gestational age of the patient? Number of creases Pigment Lesions Lanugo

Number of creases Number of creases The number of creases can indicate the gestational age of the newborn. The more creases, the older the gestational age. Pigment Pigment on the hands and feet does not indicate the gestational age. Lesions Lesions on the hands and feet are not indicative of gestational age. Lanugo Lanugo is not indicative of gestational age.

The nurse is examining the skin of a patient and notes a lesion 0.5 cm in diameter, elevated, firm, and without pus. What type of lesion does the nurse suspect? Macule Papule Tumor Telangiectasia

Papule Macule A macule is typically less than 1 cm in diameter, but is a flat lesion. Papule A papule is typically elevated, firm circumscribed area, and less than 1 cm in diameter. Tumor A tumor is an elevated solid lesion, but is typically >2 cm in diameter. Telangiectasia Telangiectasia is characterized by fine, irregular red lines.

During the skin examination, the nurse notes a liquid-filled vesicle that is elevated. What type of primary lesion does the nurse suspect? Pustule Keloid Tumor Nodule NOT SURE

Pustule

During assessment of a middle-aged adult, the nurse gently pinches the skin of the patient's forearm. What would the nurse note as an expected finding? Blanching Resilience Oily residue Cold to touch

Resilience

The apocrine glands of infants and children do not function. The nurse understands that this affects the skin of these patients in which ways? Results in skin that is less oily than adults Results in rougher skin Prevents sweating Promotes course hair growth

Results in skin that is less oily than adults

Which terms would the nurse use to describe normal skin texture? Select all that apply. Rough Warm Soft Even Damp

Rough, Soft, Even Rough Smooth skin is a normal finding of skin texture. Warm Although the skin should be cool to warm, this is not a finding related to skin texture. Soft Soft skin is a normal finding of skin texture. Even Even skin is a normal finding of skin texture. Damp Skin texture would be expected to be dry.

Which areas of the body rarely have normal nevi? Select all that apply. Scalp Breasts Buttocks Torso Face

Scalp, Breasts, Buttocks Scalp The scalp rarely has normal nevi. Breasts The breasts rarely have normal nevi. Buttocks The buttocks rarely have normal nevi. Torso The torso typically has normal nevi. Face The face typically has normal nevi.

The nurse understands that the hair covering a newborn's body can be classified in which way? Course Silky Patchy Thick

Silky

For which findings would the nurse assess when evaluating a patient for suspected alopecia areata? Inflammation of the paronychium Abnormal growth of terminal hair Painless purple skin lesions Sudden patchy hair loss from the scalp and face NOT SURE

Sudden patchy hair loss from the scalp and face

On hospital admission, which elements of the skin should be assessed? Select all that apply. Tattoos Scars Nail beds Under skin folds Ear piercings

Tattoos , Scars., Under skin folds, Ear piercings Tattoos Tattoos should be evaluated for the presence of swelling or redness, suggesting infection. Scars Scars should be assessed on hospital admission. Nail beds Although the nailbeds should be assessed, they are not an element of the skin. Under skin folds Skin folds should be assessed for yeast infections. Ear piercings Ear piercings should be evaluated for the presence of swelling or redness, suggesting infection.

What type of primary skin lesion does the nurse suspect upon noting dilated capillaries that appear as fine, irregular red lines? Nodule Papule Cyst Telangiectasia

Telangiectasia Nodule A nodule is an elevated lesion that runs deeper than the dermis. Papule A papule is typically an elevated, firm circumscribed area, and less than 1 cm in diameter. Cyst A cyst is an elevated encapsulated lesion filled with liquid or semisolid material. Telangiectasia By dilation of the capillaries, which causes them to appear as small red or purple clusters, often spidery in appearance, on the skin or the surface of an organ.

The dorsal surface of the hand should be used to assess which feature of the skin? Thickness Moisture Color Temperature

Temperature

Upon inspecting a 25-year-old female patient, the nurse notes terminal hair on the patient's upper lip, chin, and scalp, as well as, fine vellus hair symmetrically distributed on the patient's body. Which finding does the nurse note as abnormal? Terminal hair on the upper lip and chin Terminal hair on the scalp Vellus hair on the body Symmetrical distribution of hair on the body

Terminal hair on the upper lip and chin

When palpating the hair and scalp, which features are important to note? Select all that apply. Color Texture Nodules Quality of the shaft Quantity

Texture, Nodules, Quality of the shaft Color It is important to note the color of the hair, but this is not a feature that is palpated. Texture It is important to note the texture of the hair. Nodules It is important to palpate for nodules on the scalp, which may indicate blocked sebaceous cysts. Quality of the shaft It is important to note if the hair shafts are broken or intact. Quantity It is important to note the quantity of hair, but this is an inspection finding, not palpation.

Which findings would the nurse identify as "normal" during a skin inspection of a healthy adult patient? Select all that apply. Excessive oiliness Uniform tan skin Pigmented nevi Patches of unpigmented skin

Uniform tan skin Pigmented nevi

As part of a thorough hair examination, the nurse inspects which features? Select all that apply. Color Turgor Distribution Quantity Presence of lice and nits

Color Distribution Quantity Presence of lice and nits

When inspecting the nails, it is important for the nurse to note which features? Select all that apply. Color Hardness Length Shape Symmetry

Color, Length, Shape, Symmetry Color The nurse should note the nails' color. Hardness The nurse would note the hardness on palpation, not inspection. Length The nurse should note the length of the nails. Shape The nurse should note the shape of the nails. Symmetry The nurse should note the nails' symmetry.

While inspecting the nails of a patient, the nurse asks the patient to place the dorsal surfaces of their fingertips together. The nurse expects the nail base angle to be _____________degrees or less. Use numbers only. NOT SURE

160

According to the American Cancer Society, the typical healthy adult may have as many as 10 to _________nevi on their body.

40 A typical healthy adult may have up to 40 nevi on their body.

The nurse notes that a patient has a pedunculated lesion. Which lesion feature does this describe? Color Texture Attachment at the base Thickness

Attachment at the base

In which ways would the nurse classify the skin of a newborn? Select all that apply. Smoother than an adult Yellow in color Lacking coarse terminal hair Lacking subcutaneous fat Oily

Smoother than an adult, Lacking coarse terminal hair, Lacking subcutaneous fat Smoother than an adult The skin of a newborn is expected to be smoother than an adult. Yellow in color Infants will appear bright red immediately after birth, and their color should change to a pink color within a day, not yellow. Lacking coarse terminal hair The skin of a newborn is expected to lack the coarse terminal hair that is typical of an adult. Lacking subcutaneous fat Subcutaneous fat is poorly developed in newborns. Oily The skin of newborns is not expected to be oily.

Which feature of the skin may be affected by dehydration or edema? Select all that apply. Color Texture Turgor Tumors Presence of nevi

Texture, Turgor Color The color of the skin is not affected by dehydration or edema. Texture The texture of the skin may be affected by dehydration or edema. Turgor Both dehydration and edema affect the turgor of the skin. Tumors Tumors are not affected by dehydration or edema. Presence of nevi The presence of nevi would not be affected by dehydration or edema.

When inspecting the nails of a patient with dark skin, what would the nurse record as normal findings? Select all that apply. Variations of pink coloration. Pigment deposits noted. Red and brown streaks noted. Varying opacity noted. Some white spots noted.

Variations of pink coloration., Pigment deposits noted. Varying opacity noted, Some white spots noted. Variations of pink coloration. Variations of pink in the nail bed is an expected finding. Pigment deposits noted. Pigment deposits in the nail bed is an expected finding. Red and brown streaks noted. Red and brown streaks in the nail are not expected. Varying opacity noted. Varying opacity is an expected finding. Some white spots noted. White spots in the nail is an expected finding.

Which findings would the nurse consider normal for a middle-aged male patient? Select all that apply. Hair present on back and shoulders Scalp hair loss Coarse terminal hair in the pubis, axilla, and beard Extensive gray hair Facial hair loss

Hair present on back and shoulders Coarse terminal hair in the pubis, axilla, and beard Scalp hair loss

What findings would the nurse identify as normal during palpation of a patient's nails? Select all that apply. Separation of the nail plate from the bed Hard texture Uneven thickness Pink in color Smooth texture

Hard texture Smooth texture

When assessing skin lesions, it is important to take which measurement to judge lesion size? Select all that apply. Height Width Diameter Radius Circumference

Height, Width, Diameter Height The height of a skin lesion should be assessed. Width The width of a skin lesion should be assessed. Diameter The diameter of a skin lesion should be assessed. Radius The radius of a lesion is typically not measured. Circumference The circumference of a lesion is not typically measured.

Match the findings, normal in older adults, with the relevant cause. Baldness Slowing of nail growth Decreased perspiration Wrinkled skin Transition from coarse terminal hair to fine vellus hair Decrease in sweat gland activity Loss of collagen and elastic fibers Decreased peripheral circulation

Match the findings, normal in older adults, with the relevant cause. Baldness Transition from coarse terminal hair to fine vellus hair Decreased perspiration Decrease in sweat gland activity Wrinkled skin Loss of collagen and elastic fibers Slowing of nail growth Decreased peripheral circulation

Upon inspecting the hair of a 25-year-old man, which area of the body would the nurse not expect to find hair? Ears Pubic Area Axillae Palms

Palms Ears Fine vellus hair is expected to be found on the ears. Pubic Area Coarse terminal hair would be expected to grow in the pubic area. Axillae Coarse terminal hair would be expected to grow in the axillae areas. Palms It is normal for a young man to have no hair on the palms of his hands.

A decrease in peripheral circulation is responsible for what age-related change in nail growth? Loss of color Nail hardening Slower growth Nail thinning

Slower growth Loss of color As nails age, they tend to become more yellow, rather than losing color. Nail hardening As nails age, they tend to become more brittle, rather than hard. Slower growth A decrease in peripheral circulation causes a slowing of nail growth. Nail thinning As nails age they tend to get thicker, rather than thinner.