4 Rule Britannia! The English Empire, 1660-1763

What was the predominant religion in Pennsylvania? A. Quakerism B. Puritanism C. Catholicism D. Protestantism

A

Which of the following is not a tenant of the Enlightenment? A. atheism B. empiricism C. progressivism D. rationalism

A

The Negro Act of 1740 was a reaction to ____. A. fears of a slave conspiracy in the setting of 13 fires in New York City B. the Stono Rebellion C. the Royal African Company's monopoly D. the growing power of maroon communities

B

What was the Dominion of New England? A. James II's overthrow of the New England colonial governments B. the consolidated New England colony James II created C. Governor Edmund Andros's colonial government in New York D. the exercise taxes New England colonists had to pay to James II

B

What was the First Great Awakening? A. a cultural and intellectual movement that emphasized reason and since over superstation and religion B. a Protestant revival that emphasized emotional, experiential faith over book learning C. a cultural shift that promoted Christianity among slave communities D. the birth of an American identity, promoted by Benjamin Franklin

B

To what does the term "Restoration" refer? A. the restoration of New York to English power B. the restoration of Catholicism as the official religion of England C. the restoration of Charles II to the English throne D. the restoration of Parliamentary power in England

C

What was the "conspiracy" of the New York Conspiracy Trials of 1741? A. American patriots conspiring to overthrow the royal government B. indentured servants conspiring to overthrow their masters C. slaves conspiring to burn down the city and take control D. Protestants conspiring to murder Catholics

C

What was the primary goal of Britain's wars for empire from 1688 to 1763? A. control of North America B. control of American Indians C. greater power in Europe and the world D. defeat of Catholicism

C

Which of the following represents a concern that those in England and her colonies maintained about James II? A. that he would promote the spread of Protestantism B. that he would reduce the size of the British army and navy, leaving England and her colonies vulnerable to attack C. that he would advocate for Parliament's independence from the monarchy D. that he would institute a Catholic absolute monarchy

D

Who were the main combatants in the French and Indian War? A. France against Indians B. Great Britain against Indians C. Great Britain against France D. Great Britain against the French and their Indian allies

D

What was the outcome of the Glorious Revolution?

James II was overthrown, and William III and Mary II took his place. The 1689 Bill of Rights limited the future power of the monarchy and outlined the rights of Parliament and Englishmen. In Massachusetts, Bostonians overthrew royal governor Edmund Andros.

Dominion of New England

James II's consolidated New England colony, made up of all the colonies from New Haven to Massachusetts and later New York and New Jersey

nonconformists

Protestants who didn't conform to the doctrine or practices of the Church of England

What sorts of labor systems were used in the Restoration colonies?

Since the proprietors of the Carolina colonies were absent, English planters from Barbados moved in and gained political power, establishing slave labor as the predominant form of labor. In Pennsylvania, where prospective servants were offered a bounty of 50 acres of land for emigrating and finishing their term of labor, indentured servitude abounded.

Who were the Freemasons, and why were they significant?

The Freemasons were a fraternal society that originated in London coffeehouses in the early 18th century. They advocated Enlightenment principles of inquiry and tolerance. Masonic lodges soon spread throughout Europe and the British colonies, creating a shared experience on both sides of the Atlantic and spreading Enlightenment intellectual currents throughout the British Empire. Benjamin Franklin was a prominent Freemason.

What prompted the French and Indian War?

Virginia planters, pinched by stagnant tobacco prices, wanted to expand westward. However, France contested Britain's claim to that land and built Fort Duquesne to defeat it. The battle over this land sparked the war that eventually ended France's presence in North America.

Freemasons

a fraternal society founded in the early 18th century that advocated Enlightenment principles of inquiry and tolerance

Navigation Acts

a series of English mercantilist laws enacted between 1651 and 1696 in order to control trade with the colonists

First Great Awakening

an 18th century Protestant revival that emphasized individual, experimental faith over church doctrine and the close study of scripture

Enlightenment

an 18th century intellectual and cultural movement that emphasized reason and science over superstition, religion, and tradition

deism

an Enlightenment-era belief in the existence of a supreme being- specifically, a creator who does not intervene in the universe- representing a rejection of the belief in a supernatural deity who interacts with humankind

proprietary colonies

colonies granted by the king to a trusted individual, family, or group

Restoration colonies

the colonies King Charles II established or supported during the Restoration (the Carolinas, New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania)

French and Indian War

the last 18th century imperial struggle between Great Britain and France, leading to a decisive British victory; this war lasted from 1754 to 1763 and was also called the 7 Years' War

salutary neglect

the laxness with which the English crown enforced the Navigation Acts in the 18th century

Glorious Revolution

the overthrow of James II in 1688

English interregnum

the period from 1649 to 1660 when England had no king