420 Exam 2
What spectrum space will the new 802.11af wireless standard use?
-"white space" the unused frequency spectrum space between television signals.
What percent of Americans have abandoned cable and satellite delivered television in 2015?
-15%
What is the US standing in world ranking of fixed broadband subscribers per 100 inhabitants?
-15th
What is the size of the sensor in many DSLRs?
-18 × 13.5mm -4:3 ratio -Referred to as the Four Thirds System -33mm
How much space on a cable television coaxial cable is needed to supply high speed internet access to the home?
-2 MHz
When did Facebook offer its services to anyone over the age of 13?
-2006
What is the US total rate of subscribers per 100?
-32.1
What percent of all adult Internet users access at least one social media site?
-76%
How long did it take for landline phones to be adopted by the same number of households?
-90 years
What organizations bid for the spectrum?
-AT&T -T-Mobile -Verizon -Comcast (surprisingly)
What are examples of Multichannel video programming distributor (MVPD)?
-AT&T, Comcast, dish network, Verizon communications.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of DSL?
-Advantages: Fast download speeds -Disadvantages: Slower upload speeds
What size of drone must be registered at the FAA?
-All drones that weigh more than .55 pounds
What is the advantage of WhatsApp?
-Allows for true transcontinental, cross-platform messaging. -Eliminate the fees that are associated with text messaging. -Allows users to communicate regardless of the device, operating system, phone, or data plan they are using is the trend of the future
What is the advantage of HD radio broadcasting?
-Allows radio broadcasters to keep their assigned frequencies and simply add the digital conversion hardware to upgrade their current broadcast systems. -Allows for metadata transmission including station identification, song titles and artist information, as well as advanced broadcasting like breaking news, sports, weather, traffic and emergency alerts. -Allows tagging services where listeners tag the music they want to purchase. -Gives more control to the consumer and engages them more
What can a "smart TV" do?
-Allows users to browse the web, watch youtube, social network.
Where do half of the mobile subscribers of the world live?
-Asia
Why are most smartphone owners unable to get free FM radio over their phones?
-At the time that the FM receiver was written most cellphone carriers or manufacturers had not activated the chip.
Which is Pokemon Go?
-Augmented reality
What is becoming standard business practice in 2016?
-Big Data analysis, or the mining of large data sets to identify trends and patterns.
What happens when broadcasters don't come to terms with the cable/satellite provider?
-Broadcaster forces the removal of its signal from the MVPD's line-up. -Broadcasters pull their signal from the lineup of the MVPD. -Cable Act of 1992. -High-profile programming blackouts
What law allows local broadcast stations to seek financial compensation for program carriage from cable and satellite systems?
-Cable Act of 1992
What is the main problem with cable Internet?
-Cable Internet users share bandwidth. -Speed of individual subscribers varies depending how many neighbors are using it at the same time.
What are the purposes of the "disruptive" camera-computational, camera- array and multi-aperture technologies?
-Can enable effects like background focus blur, parallax images and 3D picture capture producing images that rival the quality of DSLRs. -To capture images in new ways, enable effects like background focus blur, 3D picture capture, produces images of high quality
What is a unique way businesses are putting social media to work?
-Customer service -Creating social media officer positions instead of using an advertising company -Communication within office
What have we created more of since 2013 than in the entire history of the human race?
-Data
What is DTV as defined by the FCC?
-Digital Television -Any technology that uses digital techniques to provide advanced television services such as high definition TV, multiple standard definition TV and other advanced features and services
What do customers who support game development through crowdfunding get in return?
-Discounted copies of the finished product, and possibly other rewards like branded merchandise or exclusive bonus content.
What were the advantages of MPEG-2, MPEG-4, and HEVC compression standards?
-Doubles the program carrying capacity -HEVC would enable MVPDs to carry additional high-definition and 4K UltraHD channels -MPEG-4 reduced by half the bit rate needed compared with MPEG-2.
How do pixels or photosites "see" color?
-Each photosite is covered with a series of red, green, and blue filters that let certain wavelengths of light pass through, blocking the rest
What early 1970s FCC rule helped cable move beyond its community antenna roots?
-FCC's 1972 Open Skies Policy -Allowed qualified companies to launch and operate domestic satellites. -The use of domestic satellites to provide an additional programming in the form of superstations, cable networks, and pay channels.
Which is better?
-FTTH
What is FTTN and FTTH?
-FTTN: Fiber-to-the-node, hybrid of DSL, cable runs from central office to a node in a person's neighborhood -FTTH: Fiber-to-the-home, networks all the way to the home, extremely fast (better)
What company owns Instagram?
Who purchased WhatsApp for $19B?
What is Facebook's VR headset?
-Facebook Oculus Rift
What are two reasons 4K monitors do not provide the immediate increase in quality some would like?
-First, they will require programming available at that quality. So far, there are limited programs available due to heavy bandwidth needed to deliver the increased quality. -The second issue is the ability to see the additional resolution. In a current living room seating arrangement, viewers may be too far from the screen to see the additional pixels. -Suggestion: sit closer for a more immersive experience
Google's Headset?
-Google Cardboard
When, where, and by whom was Facebook started?
-Harvard in 2004 at Harvard by Mark Zuckerberg with the help of Dustin Moskovitz, Chris Hughes, and Eduardo Saverin
What is the solution to the problem of the high data processing and storage requirements of 4K television?
-High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). -It uses advanced compression algorithms in a new global H.265 DTV standard
What is the fastest form of mobile wireless?
-IMT-Advanced (U.S. LTE-Advanced)
How long did it take for cellphones to become adopted by 100 million US households?
-In less than 3 decades it tripled the landline's rate of adoption, went up by over 300 million in just one decade
What are the benefits of the ATSC 3.0 DTV standard for broadcasters?
-Increase from 19.3 Mbps to 25 Mbps or better in a 6 MHz OTA broadcast channel. -This increased data rate -Broadcast programming could contain 22.2 channel audio. -Consumers could use flash drives to upgrade older DTV sets for the display of program content that might be a blend of broadcast programs with related content delivered via an Internet connection to a smart display.
What has happened to the share of pictures taken by phones and cameras since 2010?
-Increased from 350 billion to 1.3 trillion (2015)
What made Facebook unique?
-It was the first SNS to offer the "news feed" on a user's home page.
What is the purpose of LinkedIn?
-It's for professional connections only". -Helps build professional connections, which in turn could lead to better job opportunities and more productivity.
What are the dominant display technologies?
-Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and LCD-LED Models: LCDs work by rapidly switching color crystals off and on. -Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED): The Sony Corporation introduced remarkably bright and sharp OLED televisions in 2008 that had a display depth of 3 mm-about the thickness of three credit cards.
How have the Xbox One and PS4 gaming consoles morphed?
-Morphed into a more robust media hub that can download or stream other non-game content as well as enabling gameplay. -Additionally, the new consoles all ship with DVD and Blu-ray software built in, which allows one device to serve multiple purposes when connected to a user's television.
What is the number one video subscription service in terms of subscribers?
-Netflix -43.2 million subscribers
What are examples of what the author calls Internet Delivered Television?
-On Demand -The digital distribution of television content through the public Internet -Surpasses all OTT, Connected, and IPTV streamed programming and creates a clear demarcation between this mode of reception and broadcast-cable-DBS delivery
What is OTA television?
-Over the air -Free high-definition television station broadcasts in local areas.
What is OTT TV?
-Over the top content -Refers to audio, video and other media transmitted via the internet without an operator of multiple cable or direct-broadcast satellite television systems.
How can digital television programing be accessed?
-Over-the-air (OTA) fixed and mobile transmissions -Through cable/telco/satellite multichannel video program distributors (MVPDs) -Through Internet-delivered (I-DTV) sites.
What is the difference between the way Spotify and Pandora earn revenues?
-Pandora: gets most of its revenue (80%) from advertising. -Spotify: earns 90% of its revenue from subscriptions. -According to Spotify, 80% of its paid users or subscribers began as free users who later started paying for the service.
What did Twitter purchase in 2015 for $100 million?
-Periscope
What are examples of how Big Data could be used for healthcare and are being used in businesses such as UPS?
-Predictive analytics to help target interventions to patients, specific patient and environmental info could help improve decision making about patient needs, cooperation between government and healthcare systems could drive better access to and use of healthcare data; -UPS uses it because a large amount of data is stored daily by the company, collected from sensors within its vehicles and by the packages delivered
What did the FCC Chair propose in Las Vegas as a new source of radio spectrum?
-Proposed that U.S. television broadcast networks and their affiliate stations voluntarily surrender additional DTV broadcast spectrum for auction to wireless telecommunication providers. -Twist: the federal government proposed to share a portion of the auction revenue with stations that would voluntarily surrender. -Innovative DTV spectrum auction scheme; a reverse auction where holders of television broadcast spectrum can place all or part of it up for bidding, a forward auction where wireless telecommunication providers can bid on this spectrum to market.
How does video compression work?
-Reduces the number of bits needed to store or transmit a video signal by removing data. -Satellite signals compressed using the MPEG-2 format allowed up to eight channels of digital programming to be squeezed into bandwidth previously used for one analog channel. -Video compression yields increased capacity and allows satellite carriage of high-definition TV channels.
What was the purpose of the Cable Act of 1992?
-Required that multichannel video programming distributors (MVPDs) make their programming available at comparable terms to satellite and other services. -Required cable systems to carry most local broadcast channels and prohibited cable operators from charging local broadcasters to carry their signal.
What is Samsung's headset?
-Samsung's Gear VR
What does the author say was the first identifiable social networking site?
-SixDegrees.com
What is the technical name for small drones used by consumers and businesses?
-Small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). -Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS).
Sony Playstation's?
-Sony Playstation VR
What is TV Everywhere?
-TV programs that are available on something other than a TV set. -Allows subscribers to access linear and video-on-demand programming on a variety of in-home and mobile Internet-connected devices (tablet, phone, computer, iPad, PC)
What were the earliest satellite-delivered programs that were made available to cable systems in the 1970s?
-Ted Turner's "Superstation" WTGC -The Christian Broadcasting Network -HBO, "Thrilla in Manila"
What is a major component of the growth in the amount of data transmitted through the internet?
-The Internet of Things (IoT), with tens of billions of Internet-connected things expected by 2020.
Why did thousands of small web radio stations have to go off the air on midnight December 31, 2015?
-The Webster settlement act that protected small and mid-sized internet radio stations expired on December 31st 2015 at midnight and small web casters faced an immediate increase in royalty expenses that were far beyond the ability of many to pay.
What are key developments in receiver sales?
-The arrival of Ultra-High-Definition (UHD) televisions that have 4K screen resolution -The diffusion of extremely bright and colorful OLED flat screen displays.
What was the advantage of MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3?
-The format that emerged as a standard was the MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3. -MP3 compressed the audio to about one-tenth the size without altering the quality of the sound for many listeners. -Was the first standard compression which allowed the shrinking of audio files into more manageable sizes
What has placed increasing demands on the available radio spectrum?
-The growth of wireless broadband services, broadcast television is a significant user of that spectrum.
What besides number of megapixels helps determine the resolution and quality of the digital image?
-The size of the sensor and the number of (megapixels) picture elements found on it.
Why is UHD Ultra-High-Definition television called "4K"?
-These images actually have four times the number of pixels of a conventional 1920w by 1080h HDTV display.
What is the primary use of Broadband over Powerline today?
-To help increase the range of in-home Wi-Fi connectivity.
Why was Twitter created?
-To stay in touch with friends easier than allowed by Facebook, MySpace, and LinkedIn.
What company owns Vine?
What internet speeds will DOCSIS 3.1 provide over cable?
-Up to 10 Gb/s downstream and up to 1 Gb/s upstream
What is the range of Bluetooth?
-Up to 10 meters.
What form of pricing is prevalent in cellphone contracts that might also become prevalent in ISP contracts?
-Usage-based pricing
What are the differences among VR, AR, and MR?
-VR: virtual reality, everything is make-believe. -AR: augmented reality, there are virtual objects overlaid on top of real objects, but they're just little suspended movies—you can't interact. -MR: mixed reality, you can interact with those not-really-there objects, that's the realm of mixed reality
What other media are part of the marketing campaign of major movie releases?
-Video games, books, other movies -As media properties, video games have shared characters, settings, and worlds with movies, novels, comic books, non-digital games, and television shows. -In addition to a standalone form of entertainment, video games are often an expected facet of a marketing campaign for new major movie releases.
What hardware device was made possible via a Kickstarter campaign?
-Virtual-reality Oculus Rift headset -Raised over 2 million
Which company has the largest portion of the global cell phone market?
-Vodafone group and China Mobile
What are the three Vs of Big Data?
-Volume: The amount of data is immense. Each day 2.3 trillion gigabytes of new data are being created. -Velocity: The speed of data (always in flux) and processing (analysis of streaming data to produce near or real time results). -Variety: The different types of data, structured, (and) unstructured.
What encryption standard is easily hacked?
-WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)
What percent of Americans listened to a podcast in 2015?
33%
What percentage of American adults listen to radio via smartphones in 2015?
73%
What percentage of the U.S. population ages 12+ listens to broadcast radio each month?
93%
Which form of broadband subscription is most popular in the world? In the US?
World: DSL U.S.: Cable
Which had the largest opening day sales of all media?
Call of Duty: Black Ops III- exceeded $550 million worldwide
What are examples of on-demand and live-streaming music services?
On-demand: -Spotify -Google Play Music Live-streaming: -Pandora -iTunes Radio
