4.3/4.4 Reading Notes

About how many Africans were sold to Britain's North American colonies?

About 400,000 African slaves were sold to Britain's North American colonies.

How did the slave trade affect Africa?

Africa was affected by the slave trade because numerous of the fittest members were lost, families were torn apart, and introduced guns into the continent.

Around what percent of captured Africans died along the middle passage?

Around 20 percent of captured Africans died along the middle passage.

Approximately how many Africans had been imported to the Americas by the end of the slave trade?

Around 9.5 million Africans had been imported to the Americas by the end of the slave trade.

What three ways did slaves contribute to the development of the Americas?

Slaves contributed to the development of the Americas with their labor and work, expertise (in agriculture), and also their culture.

Briefly describe the rights of slaves in most African and Muslim societies.

Slaves had few right in most African and Muslim societies and some had the opportunity to move social rankings. Some positions of influence and power were filled with slaves and some were generals in the army.

List three animals and three crops/plants brought from Eurasia to the Americas.

-Three animals brought from Eurasia to the Americas were horses, cattle, sheep, and pigs. -Three crops/plants brought from Eurasia to the Americas were bananas, black-eyed pease, and yams.

What did Europeans trade in Africa for slaves? (give 2 specific examples)

Europeans traded sugar, coffee, and other goods for the slaves in Africa.

By 1830, about how many slaves toiled in the United States?

In 1830, around 2 million slaves toiled in the United States.

What role did many African rulers and merchants play in the slave trade?

Many African rulers and merchants had a willing role in the Atlantic slave trade.

Why did many African rulers participate in the slave trade?

Many African rulers participate in the slave trade because in exchange for slaves they would get other goods such as gold, guns, etc.

How did slavery in the Americas differ from slavery in African and Muslim societies?

Slavery in the Americas was worse than the slavery in the African and Muslim societies.

Slaves were sold in the New World for what types of items? (give 3 specific examples)

Slaves were sold in the New World for rum, molasses, and sugar.

Where did slaves work after being sold?

Slaves worked as domestic servants or in mines and fields after being sold.

Aside from open revolts, which are some of the ways slaves found to resist their condition?

Some slaves ran away, were less-productive, broke tools, and uprooted plants to resist their conditions.

What was the first country to import slaves into the New World?

Spain was the first country to import slaves into the New World.

What two ways did Africans use to keep their cultural heritage alive?

The Africans kept their cultural heritage alive by keeping musical traditions and passing down ancestors stories.

What is the Colombian Exchange?

The Colombian exchange was the global transfer of foods, plants, and animals.

What event triggered an increase in demand for captured African slaves?

The colonization of the Americas triggered an increase in demand for captured African slaves because many of the Natives were dying from disease.

What event led to an increase of slavery and the slave trade in Africa.

The event that led to an increase of slavery and the slave trade in Africa was the spread of Islam.

How did the Middle Passage get its name?

The middle passage got it's name because it is considered the middle leg of the transatlantic trade.

Which part of the Columbian exchange led to the deaths of millions of Native Americans?

The part of the Columbian exchange that led to the deaths of millions of Native Americans were the diseases the Europeans brought with them.

List the four reasons Europeans saw advantages in using Africans in the Americas.

The reasons European ps saw advantages in using Africans in the Americas were many Africans had some type of immunity to European diseases, they were easy to teach plantation work because some had background in farming, Africans did not know how to escape in the new land, and their skin tone made them easy to catch if they tried to live with the Europeans.

What industry led the Portuguese to import more slaves?

The sugar industry led the Portuguese to import more slaves.

What were the two most important crops to travel from the Americas to the rest of the world?

The two most important crops to travel from the Americas to the rest of the world were corn and potatoes.

Briefly describe the characteristics of the middle passage.

This journey was brutal through the middle passage. Africans were tortured and diseased which led to many dying or commiting suicide.