4.4 questions

fermentation

A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product, such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.

lactic acid fermentation

A series of anaerobic chemical reactions using pyruvic acid that supplies energy when oxygen is scarce

Name two types of fermentation.

lactic acid and alcholic

What process produces fuel for motor vehicles from living plant products? What is the waste product of this process?

Alcoholic fermentation; carbon dioxide

Explain why bread dough rises when it is set aside in a warm place.

Dough rises because of alcoholic fermentation. Alcoholic fermentation produces the carbon dioxide in the bread and causes it to rise it also leaves holes to make the bread light and fluffy.

What is fermentation?

Fermentation is a way of making ATP without oxygen.

What is the main advantage of aerobic respiration? Of anaerobic respiration?

It produces ATP very quickly. Aerobic respiration, on the other hand, produces ATP more slowly.

Compare and contrast lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation. Include examples of organisms that use each type of fermentation.

Lactic Acid Fermentation: pyruvate changes to lactic acid; is used by muscles; Alcoholic fermentation: pyruvate changes to alcohol and carbon dioxide; used in bread, wine, and biofuels

Tanya is on the high school track team and runs the 100-meter sprint. Marissa is on the cross-country team and runs 5-kilometer races. Explain which type of respiration the muscle cells in each runner's legs use.

Tanya uses anaerobic respiration as their source of energy because anaerobic respiration produces energy much faster and is good for short distances. Marrissa used aerobic respiration because it can produce more energy for a long period of time.

alcoholic fermentation

the anaerobic process by which yeasts and other microorganisms break down sugars to form carbon dioxide and ethanol