4th Grade Math Vocabulary Multiplication and Division
fact family
A group of related facts that use the same numbers. Also called related facts.
variable
A letter or symbol that represents a number.
expression
A mathematical phrase without an equal sign.
equation
A mathematical sentence with an equals sign. The amount on one side of the equals sign has the same value as the amount on the other side.
area model
A model of multiplication that shows each place value product.
divisible
A number that can be equally divided with a remainder of 0.
dividend
A number that is divided by another number.
multiple
A product of a given whole number and any other whole number.
Order of Operations
A set of rules that tells the order in which to compute.
factor pairs
A set of two whole numbers when multiplied, will result in a given product.
algorithm
A step-by-step method for computing.
reasonableness
An answer that is based on good number sense.
array
An arrangement of objects in equal rows.
Associative Property of Multiplication
Changing the grouping of three or more factors does not change the product.
Commutative Property of Multiplication
Changing the order of the factors does not change the product.
multiplicative comparison
Compare by asking or telling how many times more one amount is as another. e.g. 4 times greater than.
Identity Property of Multiplication
If you multiply a number by one, the product is the same as that number.
partial products
Multiplication method in which the products of each place value separately, and then added together
related facts
Related addition and subtraction facts or related multiplication and division facts. Also called fact family.
remainder
The amount left over when one number is divided by another.
quotient
The answer to a division problem.
product
The answer to a multiplication problem.
multiplier
The first factor in a multiplication equation; it tells how many time the other factors will be multiplied.
divisor
The number by which another number is divided.
multiply
The operation of repeated addition of the same number.
Distributive Property
The property that states if you multiply a sum by a number, you will get the same result if you multiply each addend by that number and then add the products. a(b + c) = ab + ac
factor
The whole numbers that are multiplied to get a product.
evaluate
To find the value of a mathematical expression.
divide
To separate into equal groups and find the number in each group or the number of groups.
parentheses ( )
Used in mathematics as grouping symbols for operations. When simplifying an expression, the operations within the parentheses are performed first.
Distributive Property
When one of the factors of a product is a sum, multiplying each addend before adding does not change the product.
Zero Property of Multiplication
When zero is a factor, the product is always zero.
