5- Photosynthesis
Photosystem
A grouping of photosynthetic pigments and associated proteins is called a ______, which is embedded in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts.
b
Being able to carry out photosynthesis is evolutionary advantageous for organisms because it allows them to : a. produce oxigen b. make their own food c. make food for heterotrophs d. use carbon dioxide e. all of the choices
Reduction
Electrons are added to an atom. Electrons from NADPH are used to reduce the carbon in carbon dioxide CO2.
Oxidation
Electrons are removed from an atom. The oxigem atom in H2O is oxidized, and its electrons are transfered to NADPH.
reaction
In a photosystem, antenna pigments capture photon energy and funnel it to the-------------------- center, which consists of a pair of chlorophyll a molecules that actually use the light energy in photosynthetic reactions.
a cluster close togheter, reaction center
In a plant photosystem, the accessory pigments are arranged in ______, and so energy can quickly pass among them and be funneled to the ______.
a
In each chloroplast, there are between 10 and 100 ______, which are stacks of thylakoids. a. grana b. golgi c. stomata d. vacuoles
c
In photosynthesis, the reactant ______ is oxidized, and the reactant ______ is reduced. a. carbon dioxide; glucose b. carbon dioxide; water c. water; carbon dioxide d. water; oxygen
b
In plants, molecules called pigments are able to capture ______ for photosynthesis. a. water b. light energy c. NADPH d. carbon dioxide
Photons
Light, consists of ------------------, which are discrete packets of kinetic energy.
Radiowaves
Long wavelength, low energy
Visible light
Medium-sized wavelengths, perceived by humans as distinct colors
Heterotroph
Organism that obtains carbon and energy from eating another organism, a consumer.
Autotroph
Organism that produces organic molecules by acquiring carbon from inorganic sources; a primary producer.
ultraviolet radiation
Photons are high-energy and can damage DNA.
Infrared radiation
Photons contain little energy, which is mostly converted to heat.
Visible light
Photons provide energy for photosynthesis.
oxidation-reduction
Photosynteshis is a ----------------- process.
kinetic light pontential chemical
Photosynthesis is the process of converting ----------------- energy into ---------- (stored)------------- energy.
mesophyll chloroplasts
Photosynthesis occurs in the --------------- and they contain a abundant ------------------
Stomata
Plants conduct gas exchange in photosynthesis by bringing in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen through openings called
4 5 7
Select all of the following that are true about the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll a. 2. responsible for the red color of tomatoes 3. reflects red, orange, and yellow light 4. reflects green light 5. absorbs blue and red light 6. absorbs green light 7. most abundant photosynthetic pigment
2 5
Select all of the molecules that are products of photosynthesis. 1.methane (CH4) 2.Oxygen (O2) 3.Glucose (C6H12O6) 4.Water (H2O) 5.Carbon dioxide (CO2)
4 5
Select all of the molecules that are reactants of photosynthesis. 1. glucose (C6H12O6) 2. nitrogen gas (N2) 3. oxygen (O2) 4. water (H2O) 5. carbon dioxide (CO2)
1 2 3 5
Select all the components of a photosystem. 1. a reaction center chlorophyll 2. proteins 3. chlorophyll pigments 4. stomata and guard cells 5. accessory pigments
Gamma rays
Short wavelength, high energy
light reactions
The first of two major stages in photosynthesis. These reactions, which occur on the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast or on membranes of certain prokaryotes, convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH, releasing oxygen in the process.
chlorophyll a.
The green, photosynthetic pigment found in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria is called
eletromagnetic
The range of possible frequencies of radiation is called the ______ spectrum.
Pigment molecules
capture energy from sunlight
stroma
fluid matrix within the chloroplast
Stomata
pore in a plant's epidermis through which gases are exchanged with the atmosphere
thylakoids
stacked within stroma and studded with pigment molecules
Thylakoids
structure that makes up the the inner membrane of the chloroplast
two membranes
surround each chloroplast
thylakoid space
volume enclosed by thylakoid membranes
Sun
What provides the energy to drive photosynthesis, which is an endergonic reaction?
guard cells
What surround stomata in plant leaves and can collapse to close stomata and conserve water?
Autotrophs
What type of organism has the ability to produce organic compounds from inorganic substances?
a b
Who are the photosynthetic autotrophs? a. Prokaryotic cyanobacteria b. Eukaryotes such as algae and plants c. Archaea, fungi, and animals
c
Why are leaves green? a. Herbivores see green better than any other color. b. Plant pigments absorb green light c. Plant pigments reflect green light d. Plant pigments change yellow light that they absorb to green light that we see.
a
Within a photosystem, what pigments capture photon energy and funnel the energy to the reaction center chlorophyll? a. antenna pigments b. oxygen-binding pigments c. production pigments d. retinal pigments
mesophyll
Within a plant leaf, most photosynthesis occurs in cells called ______ cells, which are often interspersed with air spaces to maximize gas exchange.
antenna
The ______ pigments of photosystems pass the captured photon energy to the reaction center.
Carbon reactions
The chloroplast uses ATP, the high-energy electrons in NADPH, and CO2 to produce sugar molecules
b
What is the distance a photon moves during a complete vibration? Multiple choice question. a. ray b. wavelength c. radiation d. frequency
d
What is the role of sunlight in photosynthesis? a. Light directly powers the assimilation of carbon b. Light directly powers the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. c. Light directly powers the formation of oxigen gas d. Light directly splits the water molecule.
