510-07 Tongue
Intrinsic skeletal muscle fibers of the tongue are ___, ___, and____. Extrinsic muscles of the tongue include
-longitudinal, vertical, transverse -mylohyoid, palatoglossus, hyloglossuss, styloglossus, gionioglossus (think "glossus")
Which cranial nerve: 1) provides general sensory innervation to the body of the tongue? 2) innervates taste buds on the body of the tongue 3) innervates the root of the tongue, including the taste buds on the circumvallate papillae?
1) 5 (trigeminal) 2) 7 (facial) 3) 9 (glossopharyngeal) + 10 (vagus)
The body of the tongue develops from the ___ pharyngeal arch. The root of the tongue and the circumvallate papillae develop from the ___ pharyngeal arch
1,3
What part of the tongue develops from the 1st pharyngeal arch? 3rd arch?
1- body 2- root of the tongue and the circumvallate papillae
What kind of cells are interspersed among the secretory portions and ducts of mucous glands in the tongue?
adipose
what cells replace columnar cells of taste buds?
basal cells (stem cells)
Identify ans
GE= von Ebner's glands- empty into groove (G) TB= taste buds
The ___ of the tongue is the anterior 2/3. The ___ of the tongue is the posterior 1/3
body, root
Does the dorsal surface of the tongue have serous or mucous glands? what does it include
both -papillae and taste buds
Identify this ans
circumvallae are round top with slender base
____ are the 7-12 large, dome shaped papillae arranged in a "V" just anterior to the sulcus terminales
circumvallate
Which papillae have taste buds
circumvallate, foliate, and fungiform
ID ans
Note supporting cells are columnar
What are the categories of taste?
Sweet, sour, saltiness, biterness, umami
How are tastes perceived
Taste cells sensitive to salts and acids have ion channels that conduct hydrogen ions or alkali metal ions into the cells. Taste cells for bitter, sweet and umami have G-protein coupled receptors for the taste molecules.
Motor control of the tongue is through which cranial nerve?
XII (hypoglossal)-
Which papillae have tips that point backward and help gip and move food?
filiform
Which of the tongue papillae do not have taste buds? how do they look?
filiform - like claws that point backward
The smallest and most numerous papillae are called ____. They have a conical shape with_____ (keratinized or non-keratinized) epithelium. Do these papillae have taste buds?
filiform, keratinized. no.
____ papillae are the low parallel ridges on the lateral edge of the tongue
foliate
The ___ ____ is at the apex of the sulcus terminales and is the remnant of the invagination of the embryonic pharynx that formed the thyroid gland.
foramen cecum
Tongue label ans
fungiform papillae (small white dots- red when alive)
___ are mushroom shaped papillae that look like small spots. Do these have taste buds?
fungiform. yes.
Elongation of tongue papillae due to accumulation of keratinized tissue can cause what rare condition?
hairy tongue
Filiform papillae are covered by what kind of epithelium? (They make the tongue rough)
keratinized stratified squamous
The tongue mucosa is anchored to long connective tissue papillae of the ___ ____
lamina propria
Identify ans
note block shape of foliate papillae- circumvallae are round top with slender base
Geographic tongue is caused by the regional loss of ____. A deficiency in which vitamin may contribute to this?
papillae. vitamin B
continuous ____________ secretion clears the cleft so new tastes can be sensed
serous
Gross anatomists use the ___ ____ as the boundary between the body of the tongue and the root of the tongue
sulcus terminalis
What are the functions of the tongue?
taste, manipulation of food, speech, immunologic responses
What mucosal tissue is on the ventral surface of the tongue? Dorsal surface?
ventral - lining mucosa dorsal- specialized mucosa
Ventral surface epithelia vs dorsal surface epithelia
ventral= non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium dorsal= regionally keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Which cranial nerves involve the tongue? Which involve taste?
-5,7,9,10 -7,9,10
