5.2 part 2

If Lanie is able to tell when her husband is upset by noticing subtle changes in his facial expressions, she might be said to have a high degree of emotional intelligence. naturalistic intelligence. practical intelligence. spatial intelligence. adaptive intelligence.

A. Emotional intelligence

Charles Spearman's g refers to a. general intelligence. b. grouped intelligence factors. c. genetic intelligence. d. generated creativity. e. generalized reliability.

A. General intelligence

Researchers studying the effects of genes on intelligence have found that intelligence is affected by many genes working together. there is a gene that is involved in the intelligence of men but not women. there is a gene that is involved in the intelligence of women but not men. a single gene is involved in the intelligence of both men and women. there is no evidence that genes play a role in intelligence.

A. intelligence is affected by many genes working together.

The original formula for a child's intelligence quotient compared a child's aptitude to his or her school performance. mental age to his or her chronological age. intelligence to his or her siblings' intelligence. intelligence to his or her parents' intelligence. math intelligence to his or her verbal intelligence.

B. mental age to his or her chronological age.

If approached on the street by a stranger and asked to make a guess about their IQ score, your best guess would be 50. 75. 100. 125. 150.

C. 100

Which of the following individuals would best represent our understanding of fluid versus crystallized intelligence? James is 80 and has just solved a math equation that has been puzzling him for the last 40 years. Luis is 22 and has written several successful novels. Alice is 25 and has discovered a new chemical element. As a high school student, Alex changed the way people thought about a local homeless man by doing research into his life. After watching the sky for 50 years Nate finally discovered a new planet.

C. Alice is 25 and has discovered a new chemical element.

If the scores on an intelligence test form a normal curve with a standard deviation of 15, the mean, median, and mode are 100. 68 percent of scores are between 85 and 115. 60 percent of test-takers earned at least a 100. a and b only are true. a, b, and c are true.

D. A and b only

The most widely used modern intelligence test was developed by Alfred Binet. Louis Terman. Robert Sternberg. David Wechsler. Howard Gardner.

D. David Wechsler.

a condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.

Down syndrome

What would be true of a thermometer that always reads three degrees lower than the actual temperature? It is valid but not reliable. It is both reliable and valid. It is neither reliable nor valid. It is not valid, but you cannot determine if it is reliable from the information given. It is reliable but not valid.

E. It is reliable but not valid

statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person's total score

Factor analysis

in psychology, passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals

Grit

the proportion of variation among individuals in a group that we can attribute to genes. depending on the range of populations and environments studied.

Heritability

simply a person's mental age divided by chronological age and multiplied by 100 to get rid of the decimal point.

IQ

the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

Intelligence

method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.

Intelligence test

the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior.

Predictive validity

defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group

Standardization

the extent to which a test or experiment measures or predicts what it is supposed to.

Validity

David Wechsler created what is now the most widely used individual intelligence test

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

a test designed to assess what a person has learned

achievement test

a group of people sharing a common characteristic, such as from a given time period.

cohort

the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest.

content validity

our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age.

crystallized intelligence

the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.

emotional intelligence

our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease with age, especially during late adulthood.

fluid intelligence

a symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data; most scores fall near the mean

normal curve

The purpose of Alfred Binet's early intelligence test was to predict how children would do in school. identify differences among ethnic and racial groups. help French graduates find the occupation in which they were most likely to succeed. establish the scientific definition of intelligence. facilitate "genetic breeding" experiments.

A. predict how children would do in school.

Students who do well on college entrance exams generally do well in their first year of college. This helps establish that these exams have predictive validity. split-half reliability. content validity. test-retest reliability. standard validity.

A. predictive validity.

a test designed to predict a person's future performance; capacity to learn.

Aptitude tests

People are said to have an intellectual disability if they have difficulty adapting to the demands of independent living and have IQ scores below 60. 70. 80. 90. 100.

B. 70

Howard Gardner found evidence of multiple intelligences in individuals who scored low on intelligence but had an area of exceptional ability—for example, to make complex calculations. These people have the Flynn effect. savant syndrome. advanced mental age. Wechsler syndrome. intelligence heritability.

B. Savant Syndrome

Which of the following is one of Robert Sternberg's types of intelligence? Naturalistic intelligence General intelligence Practical intelligence Savant intelligence Kinesthetic intelligence

C. Practical intelligence

What is the benefit of standardizing an intelligence test? To counter rising intelligence test scores To measure the extent to which the test actually predicts what it promises To provide a basis for comparing scores against a pretested group To determine if the test yields dependably consistent results To calculate the relative effects of nature and nurture on intelligence

C. To provide a basis for comparing scores against a pretested group

Achievement tests are to aptitude tests as verbal performance is to spatial performance. elementary school skills are to secondary school skills. measurement is to prediction. reliability is to validity. general intelligence is to multiple intelligences.

C. measurement is to prediction.

Heritability of intelligence refers to the extent to which a person's intelligence is caused by genetics. the effect of adoption on the intelligence of adopted children. the amount of group variation in intelligence that can be attributed to genetics. the extent to which the quality of schools and other environmental factors determine intelligence. the correlation between intelligence test scores of identical twins.

C. the amount of group variation in intelligence that can be attributed to genetics.

The Flynn effect refers to the superiority of certain racial and ethnic groups on intelligence tests. extreme scores (very high and very low scores) that are more common for males than for females on math tests. stereotype threat that might cause some Black students to underperform on standardized tests. predictive ability of intelligence tests. gradual increase in average intelligence score of the general population over the last several decades.

E. gradual increase in average intelligence score of the general population over the last several decades.

according to Spearman and others, underlies all mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.

general intelligence (g)

a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence test score of 70 or below and difficulty adapting to the demands of life.

intellectual disability

the level of performance typically associated with a certain chronological age.

mental age

condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.

savant syndrome

a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.

stereotype threat