8-11 linux

Which of the following will display the contents of the /etc/shadow file? (Choose all that apply.) cat /etc/shadow getent /etc/shadow show /etc/shadow read /etc/shadow

cat /etc/shadow getent /etc/shadow

Which of the following will show account aging information for a user such as the date of the last password change, when the password expires, and the number of days of warning before the password expires?usermod --expiry jsmith chage -u jsmith chage -l jsmith lsuser jsmith

chage -l jsmith

Which of the following commands can be used to back up files in case of system failure, supports long filenames, and can also back up device files? diskdup bkup cpio sysbackup

cpio

Which of the following commands will show the current user cron jobs that have been created for the currently logged in user?cronjobs --listcron --listcron -lcrontab -l

crontab -l

You have run the top command successfully, but realize that the q key on the keyboard has suddenly stopped working. What is another way that you can exit out of the top program? ctrl-c ctrl-q ctrl-w ctrl-x

ctrl-c

Which of the following commands can be used to pause a printer named Printer1? cupsreject -p Printer1 cupsdisable -c Printer1 cupsreject Printer1 cupsdisable Printer1

cupsdisable Printer1

Which of the following commands will display the number of seconds that have elapsed since January 1, 1970? date +%s date --epochdiff datetime --epoch datetime -s

date +%s

Which of the following is the log file where Dandified YUM writes its log entries? dnf.log dyum.log dnf.rpm.log yumd.log

dnf.rpm.log

Which of the following commands can be used to modify configuration options for DPM packages after they have been installed? dpkg-configure dpkg-reconfigure dpkg-update dpkg-config

dpkg-reconfigure

Which of the following is the log file where the Debian Package Manager writes entries for actions taken and packages installed? dpm.log dpkg.log dpackage.log packages.log

dpkg.log

After a background process has been started, what command below can be used to move it to the foreground?fg fgnd fgd b2f

fg

You have started a job running in the background that you want to now bring to the front so that you can watch it execute. Which of the following commands can be used to display the job's output to the terminal? disp fg front jobs -f

fg

Which of the following can be used to compare the hardware clock to the system clock, writing a new result to a new line every 10 seconds?systohc --comparecompare --hw2syshwtosys -chwclock -c

hwclock -c

Which of the following commands can be used to convert files between different character encodings?iconv conv convert transform

iconv

Which two commands can be used to change the runlevel? [Choose two.]

init telinit

You are experiencing a problem with a SysV init network server. You want to bring the system down and try reseating the cards within it before restarting it.Which command completely shuts down the system in an orderly manner?

init 0

kill -SIGKILL, -9

invokes a hard kill of the process that may not allow the process to unhook its resources. This means that RAM and other resources allocated to the process usually remain allocated to the process.

Runlevel 3 (Extended Multiuser Mode)

is normal server operations with multiuser and networking capabilities.

service command

is used for Systemd systems to start and stopsudo service vsftpd restart

Which of the following commands can be used to only show jobs that have been paused. jobs -p jobs -s jobs -n jobs -r

jobs -s

Which of the following commands can you use to view events within the journald database? journald --list journalctl journal --display viewlogs --journald

journalctl

Which of the following log files contains information and error messages generated by the Linux kernel?wtmp dmesg kern.log secure

kern.log

Which of the following will invalid entries in the GRUB2 configuration cause?- kernel warning automatically skipping invalid entries- kernel panic and halt the system- kernel error with confirmation to skip invalid entries- no error, automatically skipping invalid entries until a valid entry is found

kernel panic and halt the system

Which of the following commands will send a process's resources to /dev/null to kill the process for process ID 1357?sigkill 1357killall 1357kill -15 1357kill -9 1357

kill -9 1357

Which of the following commands will list missing libraries as not found if a necessary library is not installed?ldd ldconfig ldso ldchk

ldd

Which of the following commands will show a number of environment variables that start with LC_? localvar locale env printenv

locale

Which of the following commands can be used to display the current locale of a system? (Choose two. locale localectl localed syslocale

locale localectl

Which of the following commands can you use to send a print job to printer1? (Choose all that apply.) lp -d printer1 mydocument.txt lpr -d printer1 mydocument.txt lpr -P printer1 mydocument.txt lp -p printer1 mydocument.txt

lp -d printer1 mydocument.txt lpr -P printer1 mydocument.txt

Which of the following commands can be used to set the default printer for all users on a Linux system where printer1 is the name of the printer? lp -d printer1 lpoptions -d printer1 lpd -d printer1 lpq --set-default printer1

lpoptions -d printer1

Which of the following commands will display the print jobs in the print queue for printer1 only? lpstat -o printer1 lpq -d printer1 lpq -p printer1 lp -j printer1

lpstat -o printer1

Which of the following commands can be used to see files that are currently being used by a specific process ID (PID)?psfiles lsof pstatus pids

lsof

After compiling source code, which command still needs to be run in order to copy the newly compiled binaries into a directory listed in the PATH variable as well as copy supporting files (such as man pages) to the correct location on the filesystem? make install make make image make clean

make install

Which of the following files holds the configuration information for GRUB Legacy on Ubuntu Linux systems? grub.conf menu.conf menu.lst grub.lst

menu.lst

Which of the following commands will generate a new initramfs?mkinitrd initramfs. mkinit dracut initramfs. cutram

mkinitrd dracut

Which of the following is the default window manager used by the GNOME version 3 desktop environment? mutter metacity wmaker kwin

mutter

Which of the following can be used preceding a command to prevent a process from terminating when the parent process terminates? bg runat & nohup

nohup

Which of the following commands can be used to terminate a process by the process name? kill pkill stop pskill

pkill

Which command entered without arguments is used to display a list of processes running in the current shell?

ps

Which of the following commands will show a list of process names along with their process ID (PID)? (Choose two.) ps proc top jobs

ps top

What command is used to display the lineage of a process by tracing its PPIDs until the init daemon?psbranch pstree psparent pshead

pstree

While the top command is running, what key can be pressed to change the nice value of a process? n r p v

r

Which of the following commands will install a package using the Red Hat Package Manager, showing all information, while printing pound signs to show the progress of installation? rpm -iah packagename.rpm rpm -iap packagename.rpm rpm -ivh packagename.rpm rpm -ivp packagename.rpmq

rpm -ivh packagename.rpm

Which of the following hashing algorithm commands reduces the chances of collisions due to the bit length of the message digest? md4sum md5sum sha256sum sha1sum

sha 256 sum

What is sysV short for?

system v or system 5

Which of the following commands will set the default runlevel of a Linux system? systemctl --set-default runlevel5.target systemctl set-default runlevel5.target systemctl --default runlevel5.target systemctl set-init runlevel5.target

systemctl set-default runlevel5.target

Which of the following commands will display a list of Systemd units sorted by the time they took to load? systemd-analyze blame systemd --listload systemctl --listload systemctl-analyze --blame

systemd-analyze blame

Which of the following two commands can be used to add custom log file entries to the journald database? (Choose two.) logentry mklog systemd-cat loggersystemd-make

systemd-cat logger

Which of the following options for the tar command will create an archive that is also gzipped while displaying all of the work in progress to the terminal screen? tar -ngac tar -cfza tar -czvf tar -nzaf

tar -czvf

Which of the following commands will shut down a Linux system? (Choose all that apply.) runlevel 0 telinit 0 shutdown -h now poweroff

telinit 0 shutdown -h now poweroff

background (bg) command

the command used to run a foreground process in the background

Which of the following commands will list the time zones available on a Linux system? date --timezones timedatectl list-timezones timezones tzlist

timedatectl list-timezones

Which of the following options can be specified in the GRUB Legacy configuration file to set how long the boot menu is displayed before loading the default image? splash timeout wait timer

timeout

T/F Yellowdog Updater Modified (YUM) keeps and updates a file that lists all packages available in the Internet repositories that it has been configured to us

true

Which of the following commands will prompt you to answer a series of questions to help determine which time zone file you should use? zones timezones zoneselect tzselect

tzselect

Which of the following commands can be used to delete a user account? deluser rmuser userdel expireuser

userdel

Which of the following commands can be used to set the number of days until user account jsmith with an expired password is disabled? usermod -f 15 jsmith usermod -d 15 jsmith usermod -x 15 jsmith usermod -e 15 jsmith

usermod -f 15 jsmith

Which of the following commands can be used to schedule very frequent recurring tasks, such as running once every minute? run watch do while

watch

Which of the following can be used at the command line to download a file using the HTTP protocol? (Choose two.) GET wget curl wwwretr

wget curl

Which of the following is a special group that provides its members with the ability to run the su and sudo commands?sudoers adm wheel sys

wheel

What command can be used to display the contents of a file that was compressed with the compress utility?acat zcat cat ccat

zcat

Which of the following states describe a process that is waiting for a parent process to release its PID?waitsuspendedzombiedead

zombie

The SUSE and openSUSE Linux distributions use an alternative to yum but that provides the same functionality. What is the name of the command they use?apt rpm zypper dnf

zypper

If incompatible X Windows settings are configured, where will the errors that are generated be written to? ~/.xsession-errors ~/.xerror ~/.xwin-error /var/log/xwindows.error

~/.xsession-errors

When using the compress command to archive a set of files into a single file, which of the following options will display the compression ratio of the individual files making up the new compressed file? -c -v -s -a

-v

Which of the following file extensions are used by the Debian Package Manager? .dpm .deb .dpkg .d

.deb

The System Log Daemon, rsyslogd, creates a socket for other system processes to write to. What is the path to this socket? /tmp/log /var/log.sock /etc/rsyslog.socket /dev/log

/dev/log

Which of the following is the full path and file name where the Debian Package Manager repositories can be configured? /etc/dpm/repositories.conf /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt.source.conf /etc/dpm.conf

/etc/apt/sources.list

A system administrator wants to allow most users to be able to run cron jobs, but wants to specifically prevent a couple of users from doing so. Which of the following files could the administrator edit to disallow these users from creating cron jobs? /etc/cron.deny /etc/cron.d/cron.deny /etc/cron.allow /etc/cron.d/cron.allow

/etc/cron.deny

In which directory would a system administrator store scripts that should be run monthly by the cron daemon? /var/cron/monthly /etc/crontab/monthly /var/crontab/monthly /etc/cron.monthly

/etc/cron.monthly

Which of the following files is where the default runlevel is set on some Linux systems? /etc/inittab /etc/init.d/init /etc/rc.d/init.conf /etc/rc.d/init.d/init.conf

/etc/inittab

Which of the following files contains the list of shared libraries? /etc/ld.so.conf /etc/ld.so.cache /lib/shared.conf /lib/ld.so.conf

/etc/ld.so.cache

Which of the following files is a binary file that contains the rules for calculating the time based on your time zone relative to epoch time? /usr/local/bin/timecalc /etc/localtime /sbin/tickadj /sbin/timeadj

/etc/localtime

In which file can you configure rules for logging on a Linux system? /etc/rsyslog.conf /etc/syslog.rules /etc/syslog.rules.conf /etc/syslogd.conf

/etc/rsyslog.conf

In which of the following directories can you place files that will be copied to new user directories when new users are created? /etc/rc.d /etc/skel /usr/local/template /usr/local/useradd

/etc/skel

What is the path to where the journald.conf file is located? /etc/systemd/journald.conf /etc/journald/journald.conf /etc/rsyslogd/journald.conf /etc/rsyslog/journald.conf

/etc/systemd/journald.conf

In addition to /etc/localtime, some Linux distributions also have an /etc/timezone text file that contains a reference to the correct time zone file contained in which directory? /usr/local/zoneinfo /usr/zoneinfo /etc/zoneinfo /usr/share/zoneinfo

/usr/share/zoneinfo

Where are the files stored that contain information for all of the time zones that could be recognized by a Linux operating system? /etc/timezones /var/zoneinfo /usr/share/zoneinfo /var/local/timezones

/usr/share/zoneinfo

Which of the following files stores information about failed logins on a Linux system? /var/log/btmp /var/log/wtmp /var/log/nolo /var/log/failed

/var/log/btmp

Where are scheduled commands stored on Ubuntu Linux systems? /var/spool/cron/atjobs /etc/at/ /tmp/at /var/spool/at

/var/spool/cron/atjobs

Debian-based Linux distributions that use SysV init only use runlevels from?

0 through 2

When using the shutdown command to shut down the computer, the system does the following?

1. Sends a SIGTERM message to open programs to allow them to close. 2. Notifies logged on users that the shutdown process has initiated and the length of time before shut down. 3. Blocks users from logging into the system. 4. Shuts down all running processes and then the system.

If no level of compression is specified, the gzip command assumes what compression level? 4 5 6 7

6

Which runlevel shuts down the system and then reboots it with the mentioned level as the default runlevel?

6

Systemd

A Daemon that manages all other system daemons. It's the first daemon to start during the boot process and is the last daemon to stop during shutdown. Allows processes, daemons, and services to start parallel to each other and creating a faster boot process

Runlevel 6 (reboot)

A special runlevel used to reboot the system

Runlevel 2 (multiuser mode)

A system that has most daemons running and allows multiple users the ability to log in and use system services; most common network services other than specialized network services are available in this runlevel as well

Runlevel 5 (graphical mode)

A system that has the same abilities as Extended Multiuser Mode, yet with a graphical login program; on systems that use the GNOME desktop, this program is called the GNOME Display Manager (gdm) and is typically started on tty1 or tty7 to allow for graphical login

Which of the following is the default desktop environment used by Linux Mint? GNOME KDE Unity Cinnamon

Cinnamon

'groupadd' command

Creates a group.'groupadd [option] {group names}'

What command is used to view and modify user jobs scheduled to run with cron?

Crontab

If a process state is currently showing as uninterruptible sleep, which letter will show in the output of the ps command? S U N D

D

What does Yellowdog Updater Modified (YUM) check of an RPM package being installed?

Dependencies then automatically installs or updates any dependencies as needed.

systemctl get-default

Displays the current default runlevel target

Which of the following is an on-screen keyboard used with Linux? GOK xkb XK TOKEN

GOK

Which of the following options is passed to the Linux kernel from the GRUB2 configuration file to set the locale? LC_* LC_ALL LANG TZ

LANG

Runlevel 4 (not used)

Not normally used, but can be customized to suit your needs

Which of the following environment variables can you change the value of to set the default printer on a Linux system? (Choose two.) PRINT PRINTER LPDEFAULT LPDEST

PRINTER LPDEST

What distributions is Yellowdog Updater Modified (YUM) Is used on?

Red Hat, Fedora, and other compatible distributions.

Which of the following commands will most likely increase the chance of a process receiving more time slices?

Renice -12

Which kill signal terminates a process by taking the process information in memory and saving it to a file called core on the hard disk in the current working directory? SIGINT SIGKILL SIGQUIT SIGTERM

SIGQUIT

killall command

Sends kill signals to processes by process name. The command that kills all instances of a process by command name.

Run level 0 (halt)

Shuts the system down

Which of the following accessibility features simulates simultaneous key presses when two keys are pressed in sequence? Bounce Keys Repeat Keys Sticky Keys Slow Keys

Sticky Keys

Which of the following is a valid Linux initialization process? Systemd GRUB SysV GRUB2

Systemd SysV

Which of the following system variables can you modify to override the default system timezone within your current shell? TZ, TIME, LOCALE, LC_TZ

TZ

runlevel command

The command used to display the current and most recent (previous) runlevel.

kill command

The command used to kill or terminate a process. Used to send kill signals to a process by PID. A command used to stop or abort a process in a program or operating system.

Which of the following does a Linux kernel use to store the value of epoch time?The number of days since January 1, 1900The number of minutes since January 1, 1900The number of seconds since January 1, 1970The number of milliseconds since January 1, 1980

The number of seconds since January 1, 1970

Which of the following is responsible for starting tasks and services during boot, stopping them during shutdown, and supervising them while the system is running?Kick start Upstart GRUBPOST

Upstart

'groupmod' command

Used to change the group's own attributes. Edits the /etc/group file.

locale command

Used to display locale information.

systemd-analyze command

Used to view Systemd unit information.

localectl command

Used to view and modify locale information.

Which of the following are fields within a /etc/passwd file record? Username password, password change date, special flag, UID

Username, password, uid

What is contained in the DISPLAY variable on a Linux system running the X window system?The resolution of the monitor connected to the Linux system.Which X server the client is supposed to connect to by default.The display manager that should be used.How many monitors are connected to a Linux system.

Which X server the client is supposed to connect to by default.

Which of the following is a lightweight desktop environment that uses very few system resources that a system administrator might choose to install on a Linux server instead of one of the two main desktop environments? GNOME KDE XFCE mutter

XFCE

Which of the following is a tool that can be used to search Internet software repositories for RPM packages that map to your system's architecture, and automatically install or upgrade those packages on your system? tar wget APT YUM

YUM

How can you bypass the wait function and send a user process to the background?

You can use the Ctrl+z key combination and the bg command.

Which of the following Debian Package Management commands will install the newest versions of all packages that are currently installed on a system? apt-get update apt-get upgrade apt-get upgrade all apt-get update-all

apt-get upgrade

A system administrator wants to schedule a task to run at 11 pm, but knows that she will not be in the office at that time. Which of the following commands can she use to schedule this task to run that night while she is at home? exec run at atq

at

Which of the following commands will display a list of the pending jobs to be run? (Choose all that apply.) at -l atq at -q at -d

at -l atq at -q

Which of the following command can be used to remove a job from the list of pending jobs? (Choose all that apply.) at --remove atrm at -r at -d

atrm at -r at -d

runlevel 1, s, S, single

(single user mode)A system that has only enough daemons to allow one user (the root user) to log in and perform system maintenance tasks