9.3

How did Plessy v Ferguson contribute to the denial of equal rights for African Americans?

Because the African Americans did not win the court case, it showed that they still did not have much power in society at the time, which was unfair. They were still being separated from whites, and even when they tried to stand up for themselves, they could not have justice.

When and why was the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People formed?

It was founded in 1909 and it aimed to abolish segregation and discrimination, oppose racism, and gain civil rights for African Americans.

How was lynching used to intimidate African Americans?

Lynchings intimidated African Americans often because the victims were mutilated.

How did Poll-taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses limit African American suffrage?

Most African American's were too poor to pay the poll tax and not educated enough to pay the poll tax. The grandfather clause allowed white people to vote even after these laws were made as long as their ancestors had voted.

What were Jim Crow laws?

Statutes, beginning in the 1890s, that required segregation of public services by race.