A and P Chapter 22

Radiation and the chemical benzene are examples of _________________________ agents.

Correct answer: mutagenic

_________________________ is a disease characterized by chronic bronchitis and pneumonia.​

Cystic fibrosis

What is chorionic villi sampling? a. Diagnostic test in which fetal cells are removed from the placenta and examined b. Test performed on amniotic fluid to identify potential disorders c. Questionnaire used in genetic counseling to create a family history d. Test given to newborn infants to identify the presence of phenylketonuria

Diagnostic test in which fetal cells are removed from the placenta and examined

A genetic disorder is the same as a congenital disorder. True or False

False

Genetic counseling is recommended for women who are pregnant after age 40.

False

Most inherited mutated genes pass on a beneficial characteristic. True or False

False

______________________________ helps prospective parents make informed decisions about having children.​

Genetic counseling

____________________ is the branch of biology that studies how the genes are transmitted from parents to offspring.

Genetics

____________________ is a sex-linked blood disorder passed on the X chromosome.

Hemophilia

____________________ is the term for a change that occurs in the nucleus of gametes, and is passed on to the next generation.

Mutation

What is the purpose of a determining a person's genotype?​ a. Finding possible cures for genetic disorders b. Mapping all the genes of the human body c. ​Predicting the possibility of a genetic disorder d. ​Locating common sites of genetic mutations

Predicting the possibility of a genetic disorder

Which of the following is a causative factor in the abnormal development of sexual organs?​ a. ​An extra chromosome exists. b. Sex chromosomes do not split apart when gametes are formed. c. The genes for sexual development are missing.

Sex chromosomes do not split apart when gametes are formed.

Down syndrome is sometimes referred to as trisomy 21.

True

Intentionally introducing new characteristics or attributes into an organism is known as genetic engineering. True or False

True

Lethal genes can cause death at any time during the human life cycle, from the zygote stage to a mature adult human being. True or False

True

When parents share similar gene pools, their chances of having spontaneous abortions and stillbirths increase. True or False

True

Skin cells that undergo random changes as a person ages provide an example of a(n) _____ mutation. a. chromosomal a. gene ​b.somatic c. inherited

gene

The ____________________ is a small functional unit of DNA that carries instructions for cellular synthesis of a specific protein.

gene

The probable reason why certain genetic diseases are more common among specific ethnic groups is that the group members share a similar _________________________.

gene pool

The technique for correcting defective genes that cause disease is called ______________________________.

gene therapy

A(n) ____________________ disorder is caused by a variation in the genetic pattern.​

genetic

The modification of genes outside an organism's natural reproductive process is called ______________________________.​

genetic engineering

A mutagenic agent _____.​ a. helps prevent mutations ​b. causes mutations in many cells at the same time ​c. slows down the rate of mutation d. increases the occurrence of mutations

increases the occurrence of mutations

It is estimated that everyone carries two or three recessive ____________________ genes.​

lethal

A major factor that must be overcome for gene therapy to become an effective treatment option is _____. a. ​identifying techniques to correct faulty genes b. lack of information about human genetic material c. the body's natural immune response

the body's natural immune response