A.2.1 Linux Pro Domain 1: System Administration and Configuration

The IT manager in your organization has asked you to change the GRUB_TIMEOUT parameter from 5 seconds to 10 seconds in order to give users more time to make a menu selection from the GRUB menu before the default operating system is booted. In this lab, your task is to: Change the GRUB_TIMEOUT parameter from 5 seconds to 10 seconds. Write the new GRUB settings to the grub.cfg file. Reboot the operating system to verify the changes made to the wait time from the GRUB menu. (Optional) Log in as root using 1worm4b8 as the password.

1. Change the GRUB_TIMEOUT parameter. A. From the prompt, type nano /etc/default/grub and press Enter to open the GRUB2 configuration file for editing. B. Use GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 as the new first line of the file.Press Ctrl + X to exit the editor. C. Type Y to save the modified buffer. D. Press Enter to save the file with the default name. 2. Write the new GRUB settings to the grub.cfg file A. From the Terminal prompt, type update-grub and press Enter to write the boot loader changes to the grub.cfg file. 3. Reboot the operating system.Type reboot and press Enter to see the changes made to the wait time from the GRUB menu. A. Notice that the system waits 10 seconds before the OS loads.(Optional) Log in as root using 1worm4b8 as the password.

The IT manager has asked you to set up dual-boot capabilities on a Linux system so that the system boots to Windows 10 by default, but can also boot to Linux if needed. There's an external hard drive connected to this system with Windows 10 installed. You need to configure GRUB2 to have your system boot to the Windows operating system by default. In this lab, your task is to: Change the default menu option for the GRUB2 boot loader to Windows 10. Write the new GRUB settings to the grub.cfg file. Reboot the machine and confirm that it boots to the Windows 10 operating system by default.

1. Change the default menu option for the GRUB2 boot loader to Windows 10. A. At the prompt, type nano /etc/default/grub and press Enter to open the GRUB2 configuration file. B. Make GRUB_DEFAULT=Windows 10 the new third line of the file. C. Press Ctrl + x to exit the editor. D. Type y to save the modified buffer. E. Press Enter to write the file using the default name. 2. Write the new GRUB settings to the grub.cfg file. A.At the terminal prompt, type grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg and press Enter to write the boot loader changes to the grub.cfg file. 3. Reboot the operating system to Windows 10. A. Type reboot and press Enter. B. Wait for 5 seconds to let the system boot to Windows 10 by default

You're working on your Linux server and need to change to single user mode. You can change to single user mode with the systemctl command and rescue.target, which is a special target unit that runs a base system in single user mode and a rescue shell. In this lab, your task is to: Use the systemctl command to make rescue.target the current target. After changing to rescue.target, log back in as root using 1worm4b8 as the password.

1. Change the system to single user mode. A. At the prompt, type systemctl isolate rescue.target and press Enter to change the runlevel to rescue.target. B.Enter the password 1worm4b8 and press Enter to log in to the root account after changing the current target.

You are the IT administrator for a small corporate network. You want to run a task that will automatically update one of your databases on a regular basis. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to: Create a crontab file for the root user.Add parameters to the file that will run the /bin/updatedb command every Tuesday and Saturday at 2:30 a.m.

1. Check to see if the root user currently has a crontab file created. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type crontab -l and press Enter to view the current crontab file. C. Notice that there is no crontab file for root. 2. Use create a crontab file for the root user. A. Type crontab -e and press Enter to create a new crontab file. B. Press 1 to select the nano editor and then press Enter. C. Move the cursor to the bottom of the file. D. On the blank line, type 30 2 * * 2,6 /bin/updatedb as your new task. E. Press Ctrl + x. F.Type y and press Enter to save your changes and exit the editor. 3. Verify the change to the crontab file. A. Type crontab -l and press Enter to view the current crontab file.

You have been doing some testing on your Linux system and now need to know how long the system has been running. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to: Use the applicable command to determine:The date on which the server was last started.The time the server was last started. Answer the questions.

1. Determine when the server was last started. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. From the prompt, type uptime -s or uptime --since and press Enter. C. From the top right, select Answer Questions. D. Answer all questions. E. From the Lab Questions dialog, select Score Lab.

While working on your Linux server, you want to enable anaconda.service and disable vmtoolsd.service using the systemctl command. In this lab, your task is to complete the following: Use the systemctl command to enable anaconda.service. Use the systemctl command to disable vmtoolsd.service. After each command, verify that the service has been enabled or disabled appropriately with the systemctl command.

1. Enable anaconda.service. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type systemctl enable anaconda.service and press Enter. C. Type systemctl is-enabled anaconda.service and press Enter to verify that the service is enabled. 3. Disable vmtoolsd.service. A. Type systemctl disable vmtoolsd.service and press Enter. B. Type systemctl is-enabled vmtoolsd.service and press Enter to verify that the service is disabled.

You are troubleshooting your Linux system and need to know some information about some of the currently running processes. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to: Use the ps command, with the applicable options, to find information about the currently running processes. Answer the questions.

1. Find information about the currently running processes. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. From the prompt, type ps aux | less and press Enter. C. Use the up/down arrows to find the desired processes. D. From the top right, select Answer Questions. E. Answer all questions.From the Lab Questions dialog, select Score Lab.

You are an IT administrator for a Linux system. Your supervisor has asked you to collect some information about the system. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, use the files in the /proc directory to: Determine how many CPUs are installed. Find the system's CPU speed. Answer Questions 1 and 2. Find the total physical memory. Answer Question 3. Find the Linux kernel version. Answer Question 4.

1. Find the number of CPUs and the CPU speed. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type cd /proc and press Enter to move to this directory. C. Type ls and press Enter to view the current files. D. Type cat cpuinfo and press Enter. E. From the top right, select Answer Questions. F. Answer Questions 1 and 2. 2. Find the total physical memory. A. At the prompt, type cat meminfo and press Enter. B. Answer Question 3. 3. Find the Linux kernel version. A. At the prompt, type cat version and press Enter. B. Answer Question 4. C. From the Lab Questions dialog, select Score Lab.

The IT manager in your organization has asked you to install an open-source volume control and audio effects tool named PulseAudio-Equalizer. In this lab, your task is to: Install the pulseaudio-equalizer.noarch package.

1. Install a DNF package. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type dnf install pulseaudio-equalizer.noarch and press Enter. C. Press Y and then press Enter to install the package.

You have encountered system problems that require you to reboot the Linux server. You want to inform users that the system will shut down and reboot. In this lab, your task is to send a command to reboot the system in 5 minutes.

1. Reboot the server in 5 minutes using the default warning message. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type shutdown -r +5. C. Press Enter to send the default message to logged-in users, give them 5 minutes to disconnect, and reboot the system.

Your company wants to implement a local search engine for your intranet. The htdig software found in the repositories will provide the needed functions. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to: Check for updates. Install the latest version of htdig on your Debian-based machine.

1. Run apt update to update the repositories before installing a package. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. From the prompt, type apt update and press Enter. 2. Install the htdig utility. A. From the prompt, type apt install htdig. B. Type Y and press Enter to continue.

You are the system administrator, and your Linux server is not functioning properly. To begin your troubleshooting process, you have decided to boot your server into rescue mode. In this lab, your task is to: Set the default target to rescue.target. Verify that the current default target is rescue.target.

1. Set the default target to rescue.target. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type systemctl set-default rescue.target and press Enter to change the default boot target to rescue.target. 2. Verify that the current default target is rescue.target. B. Type systemctl get-default and press Enter to verify that the current default target is rescue.target.

You have informed your users that you need to bring the Linux server down at the end of the day to perform routine maintenance. However, prior to shutting the system down, you want to give users fifteen minutes to save data and exit the system. In this lab, your task is to: Shut down the system using a 15-minute delay before shutting down. Use The server is shutting down in 15 minutes as a message to all logged-in users.

1. Shut down the server in 15 minutes and display a warning message. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type shutdown -h +15 The server is shutting down in 15 minutes to send a message to logged-in users, wait 15 minutes, and shut down the system. C. Press Enter.

While working on your Linux server, you want to practice starting, stopping, and restarting a service using the systemctl command. In this lab, your task is to: Use the systemctl command to start bluetooth.service. Use the systemctl command to stop bluetooth.service. Use the systemctl command to restart bluetooth.service.

1. Start the bluetooth.service. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B.At the prompt, type systemctl start bluetooth.service and press Enter to start bluetooth.service. C. (Optional) At the prompt, type systemctl status bluetooth.service and press Enter to verify that the service is running. 2. Stop the bluetooth.service. A. Type systemctl stop bluetooth.service and press Enter to stop bluetooth.service. C. (Optional) At the prompt, type systemctl status bluetooth.service and press Enter to verify that the service is dead. 3. Restart the bluetooth.service. A. Type systemctl restart bluetooth.service and press Enter to restart bluetooth.service. B. (Optional) At the prompt, type systemctl status bluetooth.service and press Enter to verify that the service is running.

The IT manager in your organization has asked you to install the fontconfig-3.10.87-5.fc24.rpm package. Complete this lab from the terminal. In this lab, your task is to: Switch to the root user using a password of 1worm4b8. Install the fontconfig-3.10.87-5.fc24.rpm package.The package is located in the /home/wadams/Downloads directory. Verify that the fontconfig package has been installed.

1. Switch to the root user.From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. A. At the prompt, type su - and press Enter. B. Type 1worm4b8 as the password and press Enter. 3. Install an rpm package. A. Type rpm -ivh /home/wadams/Downloads/fontconfig-3.10.87-5.fc24.rpm and press Enter. B. Type rpm -q fontconfig and press Enter to verify that the package is installed.

There is a C debugger package installed on the server that your organization is no longer using. The IT manager in your organization has asked you to uninstall the ddd-C-Debug-2.8.15-3.cd15 package. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to: Uninstall the ddd-C-Debug-2.8.15-3.cd15 package. Verify that the ddd-C-Debug-2.8.15-3.cd15 package is uninstalled.

1. Uninstall an rpm package. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type rpm -e ddd-C-Debug and press Enter to uninstall the package. C. Type rpm -q ddd-C-Debug and press Enter to verify that the package is not installed.

RunSnakeRun is a Python GUI package installed on the server. Since this utility is no longer being used, the IT manager has asked you to uninstall the package. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to: Use the dnf command to uninstall the RunSnakeRun.noarch package.

1. Uninstall the RunSnakeRun package. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type dnf remove RunSnakeRun.noarch and press Enter. C. Press Y and press Enter to uninstall the package.

There is a kernel tools package installed on the server. The IT manager in your organization has asked you to upgrade the package using the new package version, kernel-tools-10.21.2015-54.fc21.rpm, located in the /root directory. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to upgrade the kernel tools package using the new package version, kernel-tools-10.21.2015-54.fc21.rpm.

1. Upgrade the kernel tools package. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type rpm -Uv kernel-tools-10.21.2015-54.fc21.rpm and then press Enter to update the kernel-tools-10.21.2015-54.fc21.rpm package.

1. You are a student learning how to use Linux. Your teacher has given you the assignment to learn how to use a few basic commands. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to: Learn the options available for the killall command. Answer Question 1. Learn the options available for the useradd command. Answer Question 2. Learn the options available for the usermod command. Answer Question 3.

1. Use the --help option to learn more about the switches that can be used for the killall command. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. From the prompt, type killall --help and press Enter to view the help information for this command C. From the top right, select Answer Questions. B. Answer Question 1. 2.Use the --help option to learn more about the switches for the useradd command. A. From the prompt, type useradd --help and press Enter to view the help information for this command. B. Answer Question 2 3.Use the --help option to learn more about the switches for the usermod command. A. From the prompt, type usermod --help and press Enter to view the help information for this command. B. Answer Question 3. C. From the Lab Questions dialog, select Score Lab

As a part of your daily maintenance, you scan for and kill any zombie processes on the system. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to: Use the ps command to find zombie processes. Use the kill command to terminate all zombie processes.

1. Use the ps aux command to find zombie processes. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type ps aux | less to view the list of processes. C. Use the up/down arrows to find the processes with a status (STAT) of z. D. Type q to exit the process list and return to the command prompt. 2. Terminate the processes. A. Type kill -9 1301 and press Enter. B. Type kill -9 1570 and press Enter. C. Type kill -9 1980 and press Enter.

You have been tasked with checking the status of a recently repaired system that had chronic high utilization. You must determine whether the machine is under a heavy load. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to: Run the applicable command to view which processes are consuming the most CPU time. Answer the questions.

1. Use top to see running processes. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. From the prompt, type top and press Enter. 2. Answer the questions. A. From the top right, select Answer Questions. B. Answer all of the questions. C. Select Score Lab.

You just got a new PowerMate input device that you want to use on your computer. You do not think that the PowerMate driver was compiled into the kernel of your Linux distribution. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to: Verify that the device driver was not inserted into the kernel. Insert the powermate module into the kernel. Confirm that you have loaded the module into the kernel.

1. Verify that the device driver for the PowerMate input device was not compiled into the kernel. A.From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type lsmod and press Enter to verify that the device driver was not compiled into the kernel. 2. Insert the powermate module into the kernel. A. Type modprobe powermate and press Enter to insert the module into the kernel. B. Type lsmod and press Enter to confirm that the module was loaded into the kernel.

Your manager has asked you to remove the gameport module from the Linux print server. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to: Verify that the gameport module has been inserted into the kernel. Remove the gameport driver module from the kernel.

1. Verify that the gameport module has been compiled into the kernel. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type lsmod and press Enter to view all installed modules. 2. Remove the gameport driver module from the kernel. A. Type rmmod gameport and press Enter to remove the module from the kernel. B. Type lsmod and press Enter to verify that the module was removed.

You have been having difficulties with some of your applications running properly on your Linux system. You suspect that some of your environment variables may not be configured correctly. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to: View the value of the following environment variables:HOMELANGSHELLTERM Answer the questions.

1.Find the value of the desired environment variables. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. From the prompt, type echo $variable and then press Enter to view (Example: echo $HOME).what is stored in the variable. C.Repeat step 1b for each remaining variable. 2. Answer the questions. A. From the top right, select Answer Questions. B. Answer Questions 1-4. C. From the Lab Questions dialog, select Score Lab.

The power has gone out in your facility. You have an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) that protects your system and provides enough power to allow you to shut down safely. In this lab, your task is to immediately shut down the system using the command line.

1.Shut down the server immediately from the command prompt. A. At the Terminal prompt, type shutdown -h now to immediately shut down the system. B. Press Enter.The screen goes blank, indicating that the computer has been shut down.

2. In this lab, you will explore the nano editor by configuring DNS name resolution on the IT-Laptop computer. In this lab, your task is to: Use nano to open the /etc/resolv.conf file. Modify the file by replacing the existing nameserver information with the following information: nameserver 163.128.78.93 nameserver 163.128.80.93

1.Use nano to open the /etc/resolv.conf file. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. From the Terminal prompt, type nano /etc/resolv.conf and press Enter. 2.Modify the /etc/resolv.conf file to use the new nameserver addressees. A. Use the arrow keys to move to the nameserver line you want to edit. B. Press End to move to the end of the line. C. Press Backspace to delete the existing IP address for the selected nameserver. D. Type 163.128.78.93. E. Repeat steps 2a-2d, but use 163.128.80.93 for the second nameserver IP address. 3.Save the changes made to the /etc/resolv.conf file. A.Type Ctrl + O.Press B.Enter to save the file. C.Type Ctrl + X to exit the editor.

As a systems administrator, you will frequently need to identify the process ID (PID) of a running process. The pidof tool is specifically designed for this task. You are currently logged in as the root user. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to complete the following: Method 1: Find the PID for the rpc.mountd process as follows: Use the ps aux command and redirect its output to the processes.txt file. Use the grep command to search the processes.txt file to find the process ID of rpc.mountd. Method 2: Use the pidof command to find the process ID of rpc.mountd.

1.Use ps and grep to find the process ID (PID) of the rpc.mountd process. A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. From the prompt, type ps aux > processes.txt and press Enter. C. The results of the ps aux command are saved in the processes.txt file.Type grep rpc.mountd processes.txt and press Enter. The process ID is the number in the second column. 2. Use pidof to find the process ID of rpc.mountd. A. In the terminal, type pidof rpc.mountd and press Enter.

Explore putting a process in the background and then bringing it back to the foreground. Complete this lab as follows: 1. Run the ping command in the background 2. Explore the results of running ping in the background. 3. Bring the ping command back to the foreground

A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type ping localhost & and press Enter to launch ping in the background.Ping continues to run in the background and its output is shown on the screen. You can still interact with the console and run other commands in the foreground. 2. ress CTRL + C.This would normally stop the ping. However, the command is not recognized because ping is in the background. Type cd /etc and press Enter.Notice that the path is changed. Type ls and press Enter.Notice that the output of ls is interspersed with the output of ping running in the background. 3. Type fg and press Enter to bring the ping command back to the foreground.Ping is now running in the foreground and the console will not allow other commands to be run. Try to type ls. Notice that the typing is ignored. Press CTRL + C.The ping command is now terminated since it is in the foreground.

3. You are experiencing a few issues on your Linux system that you think are related to either your terminal's environment settings or the shell being used. You need to view the files that will tell you information about your terminal. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to: View the contents of the file /root/.bash_profile. Answer Question 1. View the contents of the file /etc/shells. Answer Question 2.

A. From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. From the prompt, type cat /root/.bash_profile and then press Enter. From the top right, select Answer Questions. Answer Question 1. From the prompt, type cat /etc/shells and then press Enter. Answer Question 2.

Vera Edwards (vedwards) was recently hired as a new salesperson for your company. She cannot access the files in the sales folder and has asked for your help. Although you thought you had added her to the group, you want to verify this on her system. When you arrive to help her, she tells you that she cannot find a proposal file she has written, and she would like you to help her find it. Complete this lab from the Terminal. In this lab, your task is to use grep to: Find the current members of the /etc/group named sales. Answer Question 1. Find which proposal file contains the phrase The Fluid Data. The file is either in her home directory or in one of her sub-directories. Answer Question 2.

A.From the Favorites bar, select Terminal. B. At the prompt, type grep sales /etc/group and press Enter to find lines in the /etc/group file that contain the word sales. C. From the top right, select Answer Questions. D. Answer Question 1. 2. A. At the prompt, type grep -r "The Fluid Data" * and then press Enter to find all files in vedwards' home directory that contain this phrase. B. Answer Question 2. C. Select Score Lab.