A&P Ch 5 Tissues

A good student would study page 77 because the chart shows information on the types of Membranous Epithelial Tissue because they want to make a what on the test?

A good grade!

Simple squamous Epithelium allows for ready diffusion or filtration because of its thinness, where would this tissue be found in the human body?

Alveoli Lining of blood and lymphatic vessels

Smooth muscle lines the walls of many organs and is stimulated by the ______ nervous system.

Autonomic

The single long fiber that transmits sunglasses to other Nerve cells

Axon

Gangrene

Bacterially-infected necrotic tissue

The type of connective tissue composed of chondrocytes, it is best known for its rubbery and flexible matrix.

Cartilage

Chondrocytes

Cartilage-forming cells

Fibroblasts

Cells that secrete collagen, which forms scar tissue inside a wound

Bone is a type of connective tissue composed of osteocytes in a matrix containing ________ and_______.

Collagen fibers and mineral salt crystals

The three fibers found in Connective tissue are?

Collagenous Fibers Reticular Fibers Elastic Fibers

The most Widespread and most varied of all the tissues is what tissue?

Connective Tissue

Because Epithelial tissue is too thin to contain blood vessels it depends on what type of tissue to supply it with Oxygen and nutrients?

Connective Tissue (Pro Tip: Blood is connective tissue! And blood supplies the vast majority of tissues with oxygen and nutrients)

Mesoderm Cells give rise to what tissues?

Connective and muscle tissue. Ex. Cardiac Muscle, Skeletal muscle, Bone, or Blood

Muscle tissue consist of long cells that _______ in response to stimulation

Contract

After an egg and sperm form a single cell, division occurs rapidly. These cells are the same, but soon the cells organize into what three layers?

Ectoderm (Outer Layer) Mesoderm (Middle Layer) Endoderm (Inner Layer)

Ectoderm Cells give rise to what tissues?

Epidermis and Nervous system

Stratified Squamous Epithelium is resistant to abrasions and penetrations by pathogens, some contain keratin. What location would you expect to find this type of tissue?

Epidermis of the skin Esophagus Vagina

Mucous membrane

Epithelial membrane that lines body surfaces that open directly to the body's exterior

Columnar epithelium

Epithelial tissue composed of cells having a tall, columnar shape

Cuboidal epithelium

Epithelial tissue consisting of cells having a cube-like shape

Nervous Tissue has a high degree of ______ and ________

Excitability and conductivity

What is the strongest type of cartilage?

Fibrocartilage

The type of epithelium that specializes in secretion of a particular substance?

Glandular Epithelium

Tissue

Groups of similar cells that perform a common function

Cardiac muscles are joined by specialized junctions that allow for electrical impulses to spread rapidly from cell to cell called?

Intercalated discs

Simple Columnar Epithelium participates in absorption and secretes mucus. It lines the ________.

Intestines

Necrosis

Irreversible cell injury and death in tissues and organs

Goblet cell

Modified columnar cell containing secretory vesicles that produce large quantities of mucus

Skeletal muscle is attached to bone, and consist of long thin cells called

Muscle fibers

What are the two types of Nerve cells?

Neurons and Neuroglia

Granulation Tissue

Newly formed tissue inside a wound

Bone, also called osseous tissue is composed of what type of cells?

Osteocytes

Stem Cell

Specialized cell that can differentiate into many different type of cells

Epithelial Cells may assume on of three basic shapes, these shapes are?

Squamous, Cuboidal, and Columnar

Collagenous fibers are the most abundant, they are strong and flexible but resistant to _________.

Stretching

Where is the nucleus located inside a Neuron?

The Soma

The key component of connective tissue that allows for its great level of diversity is?

The extracellular matrix

Plasma

The liquid matrix of blood

Hyaline Cartilage

The most common type of cartilage; found in joints, larynx, and trachea

Connective Tissue

The most widespread, and the most varied, of all the tissues; serve to connect the body together and to support, bind, or protect organs

Fibrosis

The repair and replacement of damaged tissue with connective tissue, mainly collagen

Fibrocartilage

The strongest cartilage, forms the discs between vertebrae

Glandular Epithelium

Type of epithelium consisting of glands that secrete a particular substance

Regeneration

Type of tissue repair that involves damaged tissue cells being replaced with the same type of cells; results in functional new tissue

The three types of loose connective tissue are?

areolar, adipose, reticular

Where is Nervous tissue found in the human body?

brain, spinal cord, nerves

Squamous Epithelium

epithelial tissue consisting of thin, flat cells

Serous Membrane

membrane composed of simple squamous epithelium resting on a thin layer of areolar connective tissue; lines some of the closed body cavities and also covers many of the organs in those cavities

Reticular Tissue

tissue consisting of a loose network of reticular fibers and cells; forms the framework of the spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow

Muscle Tissue

tissue consisting of contractile cells or fibers that effect movement of an organ or body part

Nervous tissue

tissue with a high degree of excitability and conductivity that makes up the nervous system

Articular cartilage

type of hyaline cartilage found at the ends of bones in movable joints

Adipose tissue

type of loose connective tissue dominated by fat cells

Areolar tissue

type of loose connective tissue that lies beneath almost all epithelia

Stem Cells are unique from other cells because they posses the ability to....

.... differentiate into many different types of cells.

Metabolic Syndrome

A cluster of conditions that include increased blood pressure, elevated blood glucose, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels

Gland

A collection of epithelial cells that specializes in secretion of a particular substance

Exocrine gland

A gland that secretes its product into a duct, which then empties onto a body surface or inside a body cavity

Endocrine gland

A gland that secretes its product, called a hormone, directly into the bloodstream

The bottom surface that allows epithelial tissue to adhere to underlying connective tissue

Basement Membrane

The connective tissue that exist in fluid and surrounded by a liquid matrix, and does not contain any fibers is?

Blood

Osseous Tissue

Bone Tissue

Osteocytes

Bone-forming Cells

Tendons, ligaments, and fascia are all made of what type of connective tissue?

Dense Connective Tissue

Tendons

Dense, cord-like connective tissue that attaches muscles to bones

Ligaments

Dense, cord-like connective tissue that binds bones to bones

The process of cells becoming increasingly distinct, eventually giving rise to different types of tissue.

Differentiation

Cardiac muscle is found only in the

Heart

Explain the difference between simple and stratified epithelia?

In Simple epithelia every cell touches the basement membrane. While in Stratified epithelia cells will stack on top of each other, with only some touching the basement layer.

Sarcopenia

Loss of muscle mass, strength, and function due to aging

Endoderm Cells give rise to what tissues?

Lung tissue (mucous membrane of respiratory tract), Thyroid Tissue (Thyroid Gland), and Pancreatic Tissue (Secretory parts of pancreas)

Elastic Cartilage

Provides Flexible support to external ear and epiglottis

Regeneration occurs when damaged tissue cells are replaced with the same type of cells. Most injuries to the _______ heal by regeneration.

Skin

Epithelial tissue is classified by the _____ of the cells, and the number of ________.

Shape and Layers

Fascia

Sheet of dense connective tissue that binds organs and muscles