A&P Chapter 10

What term refers to a deficiency of white blood cells?

leukopenia

Which patient might be diagnosed with physiologic jaundice?

newborn baby

What type of anemia is associated with atrophy of the stomach mucosa in the elderly?

pernicious anemia

Which of these formed elements is responsible for stopping bleeding?

platelet

What is the basis of the ABO blood groups?

presence or absence of A and B antigens on the surface of RBCs

Which of the following is associated with the sickle cell trait?

resistance to the malaria-causing parasite

Which anemia is caused by a genetic mutation?

sickle cell anemia

Which clotting factor converts fibrinogen to fibrin?

thrombin

Which of the following conditions is NOT characterized by excessive bleeding?

thrombosis

What blood type has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their plasma?

type O

What blood type can a person with O negative blood receive in a transfusion?

type O negative

Which of these occurs first in hemostasis?

vascular spasm

Which leukocytes release histamine during the inflammatory response?

basophils

Which of the following inhibits clot formation?

Heparin

What is the cause of the physiologic jaundice seen in some newborns?

Liver is too immature to handle the breakdown products of hemoglobin if fetal RBCs are rapidly destroyed.

Donor and recipient blood types are A positive. Mixing recipient serum with donor RBCs caused agglutination. No agglutination occurred when donor serum was mixed with recipient RBCs. Is the blood safe for transfusion?

No, antibodies in the recipient's plasma are interacting with some unidentified antigen on the donor RBCs.

Which of these indicates leukocytosis?

WBC count higher than 11,000 cells/mm3

What triggers the adherence of platelets to the wall of an injured blood vessel?

collagen fibers

Which of the following is characteristic of whole blood?

five times the viscosity of water

Which of these is a normal value for whole blood?

hematocrit of 45%

Which cell is the precursor of all types of blood formed elements?

hemocytoblast

What disorder is associated with a deficiency of clotting factors?

hemophilia

Pernicious anemia is caused by insufficient absorption of vitamin B12. What substance is lacking or in low concentrations that causes this condition?

intrinsic factor

Romaine, a 23-year-old woman, is complaining about constant infection and heavy monthly menstruation. A blood test reveals that Romaine has accelerated leukocytosis but an abnormally high number of immature white blood cells (WBCs). What is Romaine's diagnosis?

leukemia

Which blood cells are responsible for fighting infections?

leukocytes

Which of these is a plasma electrolyte?

Chloride

When typing a patient's blood, agglutination occurred with anti-A and anti-Rh antibodies. What is this patient's blood type?

A positive

What is the protein found in blood plasma that acts to keep water in the bloodstream?

albumin

Which of these functions to maintain osmotic pressure and pH balance?

albumin