A&P Midterm

neutralization reactions

exchange reactions in which an acid and base interact are known as

saturated fats

exist as solids at room temperature

papillary layer

fingerprints and footprints in the epidermis are created by dermal papillae present in the _______

Polysaccharides

glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carbohydrates called

melanin

hair color is due to a pigment known as ______

areolar tissue

identify the type of tissue that is found in lymph nodes, the spleen, and bone marrow

cytokinesis

in cell division, the term that refers to the division of the cytoplasm is ______

added

in order to break a disaccharide down into simple sugar units, water molecules must be _____ to each bond

subcantaneous tissue

jan got her microscope slides mixed up in a lab as they were unlabeled. The slide with abundant adipose tissue should be labeled as the ________

flagella

looking under a microscope, you notice cells swimming, propelled by a long tail. what cell structure must these cells have in order to be mobile?

fibrous proteins

major source of stored energy in the body

stratified squamous

many layers of flattened cells should be termed _____ epithelial tissue

smooth

muscle tissue has no visible striations and has spindle-shaped cells

nervous tissue

neurons and neurogila are components of

synovial fluid

reduced friction in movable joints, like the knee

anticondons

sequences of 3 bases found in messenger RNA are called _____

integumentary system

skin and its derivatives; provides the external protective covering of the body

transcription

some antibiotics inhibit tRNA from performing its job of protein synthesis. what process cannot be completed if those antibiotics are administered?

impetigo

staphylococcus infection of the skin that causes pink, water-filled, raised lesions is known as

melanin

the "tanning" effect that occurs when a person is exposed to the sun is due to

gene

the DNA segment that carries information for building one protein or polypeptide chain is called a______

synovial

the _______ membrane lines the fibrous capsule surrounding joints

visceral pericardium

the deepest layer of the serous membrane covering the outer surface of the heart

visceral

the layer of serous membrane that covers an organ is known as the ________ layer

gap junctions

the membrane connections that prevent the leaking of fluid between cells are called _____

Transfer RNA

the molecule that carries an amino acid to the ribosome for incorporation into a protein is _____

thymine, guanine

the nucleotides of DNA join in a complementary way in which adenine pairs with _______ and cytosine pairs with ______

Mitochondrion

the organelle responsible for making the majority of ATP in cells is the _____

peroxisome

the organelle that contains digestive enzymes produced by ribosomes and packaged by the golgi apparatus is the _____

osmosis

the passive process that involves the movement of water through aquaporins is_______

Interphase

the period of the cell cycle when the cell grows and performs is metabolic activities is _______

hydrophobic

the phospholipid tails are _____ which makes the plasma membrane impermeable to water

Golgi apparatus

the preparation of secretory vesicles containing large molecules for export from the cell is the responsibility of the ______

cartilage

the presence of chondrocytes indicates that a tissue is _____

exocrine

the sebaceous and sweat glands associated with the skin are classified as ______ glands because they release secretions to the skins surface via ducts

eccrine glands

the secretions of the ______ are mostly water, sodium chloride, and trace amounts of wastes, lactic acid, and vitamin c

epidermis and dermis

the two main layers of skin are ________

transcription, translation

the two steps of protein synthesis, in correct order, are ______ and ________

simple columnar

the type of epithelial tissue found lining organs of the digestive system such as the small intestines

smooth muscle

the type of muscle found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, and in the walls of blood vessels is _____

melanin, carotene, hemoglobin

three pigments that contribute to skin color

adipose

tissue is commonly called fat

apical

Epithelial tissues have one free surface or edge known as the ____ surface

endocrine

Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as

tissues

Groups of cells with a common structure and function.

serous

The pleura and pericardium are examples of ________ membranes that cover organs in a body cavity closed to the exterior.

prophase

a cancer drug interferes with the development of mitotic spindle fibers during cell division. what phase is directly affected?

carbohydrate

a chemist experiments on a molecule with the formula of C(5)H(10)O(5). This composition is likely a ____

2,4,3,5,1

a needle pierces through the epidermal layers of the forearm in the following order 1. stratum basale 2. stratum corneum 3. stratum granulosum 4. stratum lucidum 5. stratum spinosum

deoxyribose, phosphate group, nitrogenous base

a nucleotide of DNA contains 3 components:

RNA

a single nucleotide strand

hypotonic

a solution that contains fewer solutes than a cell is ___ to the cell

simple squamous

a tissue constructed of a single layer of flattened cells is known as

Desmosome

a type of cell junction that anchors adjacent cells together and prevents them from being pulled apart during periods of mechanical stress

keratin

although you get wet while swimming, a tough protein within the skin prevents it from soaking up moisture like a sponge. This substance is __________

protons (hydrogen ions)

an acid is a molecule that releases (donates) _____

enzymes

biological catalysts

7.35 to 7.45

blood pH falls in a narrow range from _____

phagocytosis

by what endocytosis process do some white blood cells engulf (ingest) bacteria?

regeneration

damaged tissue that are repaired by the same kind of cells experience a replacement process known as ______

proteins

during a synthesis reaction, amino acids join to form _____

scar tissue

Which of the following tissues is constructed of many collagen fibers?

cytoplasm

cellular material located outside the nucleus yet inside the plasma membrane is the_____

arrector pili muscles

"Goosebumps" are caused by contractions of the _______.

osseous tissue

Bone is best described as ________.

dense connective tissue

Jacinda tore her Achilles (calcaneal) tendon during a recent track meet. She has injured:

stratified squamous epithelium

The epidermis is composed of

Corneum

The outermost layer of the epidermis is keratinized and known as stratum ________

eccrine

The type of gland responsible for body temperature regulation is the __________ gland.

connective

The type of tissue consisting of cells embedded in an extracellular matrix is __________ tissue.

glucose

carbohydrate known as blood sugar

protein carriers or channels

what assists the movement of substances by facilitated diffusion?

DNA replication

what process results in the exact duplication of DNA?

inside of stomach

where are mucous membranes found?

jaundice

which of the following abnormal skin colors results from liver disorders?

sebum

which of the following kills bacteria and prevents bacterial invasions of the skin?

stratified squamous

which of the following tissues is composed of many layers of cells?

high heat capacity

which property of water explains its ability to prevent sudden changes in body temperature?

smooth muscle tissue

which tissue performs peristalsis to move substances, such as food, through the hollow organs of the body?

nervous tissue

which type of tissue conducts electrochemical impulses?

transitional epithelium

which type of tissue is situated in the lining of the urinary bladder and urethra where stretching occurs?