A&PII Lab (MIDTERM): Lab 1 (21) - The Endocrine System

a. Weight loss

A person with hyperthyroidism, whose body makes too much thyroid hormone, will have which of the following symptoms? a. Weight loss b. Weight gain c. Feeling cold

target; receptors

Although hormones reach all parts of the body, only _____ cells with compatible _____ are equipped to respond

a. Hormones into the blood stream

An endocrine structure secretes: a. Hormones into the bloodstream b. Substances into ducts c. Hormone receptors d. All of these

a. Growth hormone

Anterior pituitary gland hormones that have receptors on the liver and adipose tissue include: a. Growth hormone b. Thyroid hormone c. Cortisol

True

Cells within an organ that respond to a particular hormone are referred to as the target cells of that hormone. True False

b. The adrenal cortex

Damage to which of the following structures would inhibit aldosterone production? a. The posterior pituitary gland b. The adrenal cortex c. The adrenal medulla

False

Hormones travel through the blood, so a given hormone affects all organs. True False

c. Anterior pituitary gland

Hypophyseal portal veins transport hormones from the hypothalamus to target cells in the _____. a. Posterior pituitary gland b. Infundibulum c. Anterior pituitary gland

1. E 2. A 3. F 4. C 5. D 6. B

Identify the following structures of the endocrine system: 1. pituitary gland 2. thyroid gland 3. pineal gland 4. pancreas 5. parathyroid glands 6. adrenal glands

d. Pineal gland

Identify the glands: #1 a. Adrenal glands b. Ovary c. Thymus d. Pineal gland e. Thyroid gland f. Testis g. Hypothalamus h. Parathyroid glands i. Pituitary gland j. Pancreas

f. Testis

Identify the glands: #10 a. Adrenal glands b. Ovary c. Thymus d. Pineal gland e. Thyroid gland f. Testis g. Hypothalamus h. Parathyroid glands i. Pituitary gland j. Pancreas

g. Hypothalamus

Identify the glands: #2 a. Adrenal glands b. Ovary c. Thymus d. Pineal gland e. Thyroid gland f. Testis g. Hypothalamus h. Parathyroid glands i. Pituitary gland j. Pancreas

i. Pituitary gland

Identify the glands: #3 a. Adrenal glands b. Ovary c. Thymus d. Pineal gland e. Thyroid gland f. Testis g. Hypothalamus h. Parathyroid glands i. Pituitary gland j. Pancreas

e. Thyroid gland

Identify the glands: #4 a. Adrenal glands b. Ovary c. Thymus d. Pineal gland e. Thyroid gland f. Testis g. Hypothalamus h. Parathyroid glands i. Pituitary gland j. Pancreas

h. Parathyroid glands - a. dorsal - b. thyroid

Identify the glands: #5 a. Adrenal glands b. Ovary c. Thymus d. Pineal gland e. Thyroid gland f. Testis g. Hypothalamus h. Parathyroid glands i. Pituitary gland j. Pancreas

c. Thymus

Identify the glands: #6 a. Adrenal glands b. Ovary c. Thymus d. Pineal gland e. Thyroid gland f. Testis g. Hypothalamus h. Parathyroid glands i. Pituitary gland j. Pancreas

a. Adrenal glands

Identify the glands: #7 a. Adrenal glands b. Ovary c. Thymus d. Pineal gland e. Thyroid gland f. Testis g. Hypothalamus h. Parathyroid glands i. Pituitary gland j. Pancreas

j. Pancreas

Identify the glands: #8 a. Adrenal glands b. Ovary c. Thymus d. Pineal gland e. Thyroid gland f. Testis g. Hypothalamus h. Parathyroid glands i. Pituitary gland j. Pancreas

b. Ovary

Identify the glands: #9 a. Adrenal glands b. Ovary c. Thymus d. Pineal gland e. Thyroid gland f. Testis g. Hypothalamus h. Parathyroid glands i. Pituitary gland j. Pancreas

c. Nervous system

In addition to the endocrine system, the other main control system in the body is the: a. Digestive system b. Circulatory system c. Nervous system d. Lymphatic system

a. Alpha cells of the pancreas

In between meals, nutrient levels in your blood will begin to drop. Which cells would you expect to increase their activity as a direct result of lower blood glucose levels? a. Alpha cells of the pancreas b. Follicular cells of the thyroid gland c. Beta cells of the pancreas d. Parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland

d. thyroid gland

MATCHING: 1) located in the anterior neck; produces key hormones for metabolism a. pituitary b. pineal gland c. ovaries d. thyroid gland e. testes f. hypothalamus g. thymus h. pancreas

f. hypothalamus

MATCHING: 2) produces the hormones that are stored in the posterior pituitary a. pituitary b. pineal gland c. ovaries d. thyroid gland e. testes f. hypothalamus g. thymus h. pancreas

h. pancreas

MATCHING: 3) a mixed gland, located behind the stomach and close to the small intestines a. pituitary b. pineal gland c. ovaries d. thyroid gland e. testes f. hypothalamus g. thymus h. pancreas

e. testes

MATCHING: 4) paired glands suspended in the scrotum a. pituitary b. pineal gland c. ovaries d. thyroid gland e. testes f. hypothalamus g. thymus h. pancreas

a. pituitary

MATCHING: 5) bilobed gland located in the sella turcica a. pituitary b. pineal gland c. ovaries d. thyroid gland e. testes f. hypothalamus g. thymus h. pancreas

c. ovaries

MATCHING: 6) found in the pelvic cavity of the female, concerned with ova and female hormone production a. pituitary b. pineal gland c. ovaries d. thyroid gland e. testes f. hypothalamus g. thymus h. pancreas

g. thymus

MATCHING: 7) found in the upper thorax overlying the heart; large during youth a. pituitary b. pineal gland c. ovaries d. thyroid gland e. testes f. hypothalamus g. thymus h. pancreas

b. pineal gland

MATCHING: 8) found in the roof of the third ventricle of the brain a. pituitary b. pineal gland c. ovaries d. thyroid gland e. testes f. hypothalamus g. thymus h. pancreas

1) d. adreno- 2) g. neuro- 3) a. adeno- 4) c. cortico- 5) h. crine- 6) f. endo- 7) b. hypo- 8) e. para-

Match each of the following roots to its definition: 1) of or relating to the adrenal glands 2) pertaining to the nervous system 3) of or relating to a gland 4) outer region 5) to secrete 6) within 7) below 8) alongside of a. adeno- b. hypo- c. cortico- d. adreno- e. para- f. endo- g. neuro- h. crine-

slow; bloodstream

Signal transmission in the endocrine system is _____, since hormones must travel through the _____

b. hypothalamus

The body will produce more thyroid hormone when the _____ senses low levels of thyroid hormone. a. follicular cells of the thyroid gland b. hypothalamus c. anterior pituitary gland

False

The endocrine system brings about rapid control using chemical messengers. True False

b. Epithelial tissue

The general tissue type that makes up endocrine glands is: a. Connective tissue b. Epithelial tissue c. Nervous tissue d. Muscle tissue

b. Hypothalamic neurons

The hormone oxytocin reaches the posterior pituitary gland through: a. The hypophyseal portal veins b. Hypothalamic neurons c. The general bloodstream of the body

a. Hypothalamus

The neuroendocrine structure in the body that controls many of the hormone pathways is: a. Hypothalamus b. Thyroid gland c. Pancreas d. Pineal gland

c. On the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland

The parathyroid glands are located: a. Adjacent to the stomach b. Superior to the kidneys c. On the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland

True

The pituitary gland is known as the master endocrine gland. True False

a. thyroid

This gland is around the larynx and produces calcitonin. a. thyroid b. pineal c. pituitary d. hypothalamus

b. pancreas

This gland is in the arm of the duodenum and produces insulin. a. hypothalamus b. pancreas c. pituitary d. thyroid

a. pineal

This gland is located in the cranial cavity and produces the hormone melatonin. a. pineal b. hypothalamus c. pituitary d. pancreas

c. parathyroid

This group of four glands are located on the thyroid. a. pituitary b. hypothalamus c. parathyroid d. adrenal

a. A hormone can change a cell's metabolic activity b. A hormone can change the polarity of a cell membrane c. A hormone can alter the pattern of protein synthesis within a cell

What actions can hormones cause on a target cell? Mark all correct answers. a. A hormone can change a cell's metabolic activity b. A hormone can change the polarity of a cell membrane c. A hormone can alter the pattern of protein synthesis within a cell

a. Convert colloid to TH

When thyroid-stimulating hormone attaches to receptors on the follicular cells of the thyroid, these cells: a. Convert colloid to TH b. Make calcitonin c. Make colloid

c. Both within the cell and embedded in the cell membrane

Where are hormone receptors found on a target cell? a. Within the cell b. Embedded in the cell membrane c. Both within the cell and embedded in the cell membrane

a. Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Which of the following hormones is a tropic hormone? a. Thyroid-stimulating hormone b. Antidiuretic hormone c. Oxytocin d. Prolactin

d. Adrenal cortex

Which of the following structures has only an endocrine function? a. Liver b. Testes c. Heart d. Adrenal cortex

d. Insulin

You have just eaten a delicious dinner. As your body digests the meal, you test your blood hormone levels. Which of the following hormones would you expect to increase as you absorb the nutrients in your meal? a. Glucagon b. Follicle-stimulating hormone c. Luteinizing hormone d. Insulin