A&PII Lecture Exam 1 of 4 - Ch. 18-20

The anterior pituitary gland is also referred to as the master endocrine gland because it controls the activity of many other endocrine glands.

True

The left ventricle discharges blood into the _________, from which all systemic arteries of the body diverge to supply the body tissues.

aorta

In a procedure known as ________, an inflatable balloon at the end of a catheter is used to press plaque back against the vessel wall.

balloon angioplasty

If a patient is administered a powerful glucocorticoid (such as prednisone) to suppress the immune system, what unintended effects might this have on blood chemistry?

both an increase of insulin and an increase in blood glucose

A hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is

calcitonin.

The ________ is the difference between the resting and maximal cardiac output.

cardiac reserve

A procedure in which a length of the patient's vein or artery is used to create a detour around an obstruction in a coronary artery is called

coronary arterial bypass graft.

The ________ deliver(s) blood to the myocardium.

coronary arteries

The blood vessels that supply blood to the heart itself are the

coronary arteries

A hormone that is synergistic to growth hormone is

cortisol.

Cardiac output can be increased by all of the following except one. Choose the exception. decreasing end systolic volume increasing stroke volume increasing ejection fraction increasing heart rate

decreasing ejection fraction

Mary is tested for the amount of hemoglobin in her blood. The test results indicate that her hemoglobin level is 16 g/dL of blood. This value indicates that

her hemoglobin level is normal.

Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the

immunoglobulins

A rise in angiotensin II levels would result in all of the following, except

increased urine production.

The main action of antidiuretic hormone is:

increased water conservation by kidneys

The hormone that opposes the release of FSH in both males and females is

inhibin.

Intercalated discs serve to transfer ________ from cell to cell. ionic currents action potentials the force of contraction electrical signals All of the answers are correct.

ionic currents action potentials the force of contraction electrical signals All of the answers are correct.

Blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary circuit first enters the

left atrium.

During the resistance phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

lipid reserves are mobilized.

A patient has an infected puncture wound to her foot. Which type of white blood cell would you expect to be elevated in a differential white cell count?

neutrophils

The hormone that may be slowly administered by intravenous drip to accelerate labor and delivery is

oxytocin.

Compared to the right ventricle, the left ventricle has all the following characteristics, except that it has a thicker wall. is round in cross section. pumps a greater volume. works harder. produces about four to six times more pressure when it contracts.

pumps a greater volume.

All the circulating red blood cells in an adult originate in the

red bone marrow.

In adults, the only site of red blood cell production, and the primary site of white blood cell formation, is the

red bone marrow.

If the connection between the SA node and AV node becomes blocked,

the ventricles will beat more slowly.

The _______ gland is composed of two lobes and located in the throat, just inferior to the layrnx.

thyroid

Which hormone targets the thyroid gland?

thyroid-stimulating hormone

Blood flowing into the heart from the venae cavae flows next through the ________ valve.

tricuspid

Eileen is a strict vegan and therefore eats no animal products. She develops an anemia that her doctor thinks is caused by a nutritional deficiency. Which of the following is the likeliest candidate?

vitamin B12 deficiency

After a steroid hormone binds to its receptor to form an active complex,

gene transcription is initiated.

After brain surgery, a patient receiving postoperative care in an intensive care unit began to pass large volumes of very dilute urine. The ICU nurse administered a medicine that mimics one of the following hormones. Which one?

ADH

Cardiac cells damaged by infarction will show which of the following? switch to anaerobic metabolism release of enzymes into the circulation release of troponin T and I into the circulation release of CK-MB into the circulation All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct.

The hypophyseal portal system is a blood connection between the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. has two capillary plexuses connected by short veins. carries neurosecretions to the anterior lobe of the pituitary. carries ADH and oxytocin. All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct.

__________ are the leukocytes responsible for releasing histamine and other mediators of inflammation.

Basophils

Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera but not with the anti-B or anti-D sera. This means

Bill's plasma contains B antibodies.

A deficiency of which hormone can lead to diabetes insipidus?

14 - ADH

Put in correct order the sequence in which excitation would move through the conducting system of the heart: 1. Purkinje fibers 2. AV bundle 3. AV node 4. SA node 5. bundle branches

4, 3, 2, 5, 1.

The following is a list of vessels and structures that are associated with the heart. 1. right atrium 2. left atrium 3. right ventricle 4. left ventricle 5. venae cavae 6. aorta 7. pulmonary trunk 8. pulmonary veins What is the correct order for the flow of blood entering from the systemic circulation?

5, 1, 3, 7, 8, 2, 4, 6

Cardiac muscle cells and skeletal muscle cells differ in a few ways. Which of the following is not one of them? Cardiac muscle cells are smaller in size. Cardiac muscle cells have a single, centered nucleus. Cardiac muscle cells branch. Skeletal muscle cells lack intercalated discs. Cardiac muscle cells lack transverse tubules.

Cardiac muscle cells lack transverse tubules.

A moving blood clot is called a(n)

embolus.

The ________ is the volume of blood in a ventricle at the beginning of systole.

end-diastole volume

The ________ is the amount of blood in a ventricle after it has contracted and before it begins to refill.

end-systolic volume

Before the discovery of these glands, thyroid surgery often led to a rapid drop in blood calcium levels, which triggered muscle contractions and cardiac arrhythmias. What glands are these and which hormone is lacking?

parathyroid glands; parathyroid hormone

The heart is enclosed in a double-walled sac called the

pericardium

Surgical removal of the stomach could cause

pernicious anemia.

A person's blood type is determined largely by the

presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane.

A structure known as the corpus luteum secretes

progesterone.

Increased aggressive and assertive behavior is associated with an increase in which of these hormones?

sex hormones

Because it sets the rate of depolarization for the normal heart, the ________ node is known as the pacemaker of the heart.

sinoatrial