Abnormal Ch 8 pt 2

The major diagnostic factor in anorexia nervosa is

15 percent or lower weight than is expected for that height and body size

dyssomnia - a sleep disturbance

20

When men are asked to identify the ideal male body, they typically select a body weight that is about

28 pounds more muscular than their own

As many as ____ percent of anorexia nervosa deaths are due to suicide

30

Binge-eating Disorder

BED; a pattern of eating involving distress-inducing binges not followed by purging behaviors, being considered as a new DSM diagnostic category for DSM V

Night Eating Syndrome

Consuming a third or more of daily food intake after the evening meal and getting out of bed at least once during the night to have a high-calorie snack. In the morning, individuals with night eating syndrome are not hungry and do not usually eat breakfast. These individuals do not binge during their night eating and seldom purge

Which of the following statements is true with regard to drug treatments for patients with anorexia nervosa?

Medications have not generally been found to be effective for the treatment of anorexia nervosa

Which of the following statements is true about individuals with an eating disorder?

They have a diminished sense of personal control, They may manifest as strikingly low self-esteem, They display more perfectionistic attitudes

Actigraph

a small electronic device that is worn on the wrist like a watch and records body movements. This device can be used to record sleep-wake cycles

Genetic influences on eating disorders most likely involve

an inherited personality tendency that may make development of an eating disorder more likely.

Patients with bulimia nervosa often present with additional psychological disorders, particularly ________ and ________.

anxiety disorders; mood disorders

Guided Imagery Relaxation Approach

because some people become anxious when they have difficulty sleeping, this approach uses meditation or imagery to help with relaxation at bedtime or after a night waking

The most significant feature of bulimia nervosa is

binge eating followed by compensatory behavior

The integrative model of the causes of sleep disorders suggests that most individuals develop sleep disorders as a result of the interaction between

biological and lifestyle factors

Primary Hypersomnia

complaint of excessive sleepiness that is displayed as either prolonged sleep episodes or daytime sleep episodes

Primary Insomnia

difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep or sleep that is not restorative (person not feeling rested even after normal amounts of sleep)

Of the following, the correct pairing is

dyssomnia - a sleep disturbance

Individuals suffering from primary insomnia

have difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep

Rebound insomnia

in a person with insomnia, the worsened sleep problems that can occur when medications are used to treat insomnia and then withdrawn

Purging Techniques

in the eating disorder bulimia nervosa, the self enduced vomiting or laxative abuse used to compensate for excessive food ingestion

Narcolepsy

irresistible attacks of refreshing sleep occurring daily, accompanied by episodes of brief loss of muscle tone (cataplexy)

When women are asked to identify the most attractive female body weight, they typically identify a weight that is

lower than the weight identified by men

Sleep Terror Disorder

recurrent episodes of abrupt awakening from sleep, usually occurring during the first third of the major sleep episode and beginning with a panicky scream.

Breathing-related Sleep Disorder

sleep disruption leading to excessive sleepiness or insomnia that is caused by sleep related breathing difficulties

The strongest contributions to etiology of eating disorders seem to be

sociocultural

The families of patients with anorexia nervosa are typically characterized as

successful and perfectionistic

Cognitive Sleep Treatment Approach

this approach focuses on changing the sleeper's unrealistic expectations and beliefs about sleep, by providing information on topics such as normal amounts of sleep and a person's ability to compensate for lost sleep

Paradoxical Intention Approach

this technique involves instructing individuals in the opposite behavior from the desired outcome. Telling poor sleepers to lie in bed and try to stay awake as long as they can is used to try to relieve the performance anxiety surrounding efforts to try to fall asleep

Progressive Relaxation Approach

this technique involves relaxing muscles of the body in an effort to introduce drowsiness.

One approach to successfully reducing the frequency of sleep terrors has been to

use scheduled awakenings to briefly awaken the child before an attack occurs

Graduated Extinction Approach

used for children who have tantrums at bedtime or wake up crying at night, this treatment instructs the parents to check on the child after progressively longer periods until the child falls asleep on his or her own

Microsleeps

the short, seconds-long periods of sleep that occurs when someone has been deprived of sleep

Bariatric Surgery

the surgical approach to extreme obesity, usually accomplished by stapling the stomach to create a small stomach pouch or bypassing the stomach through gastric bypass surgery.

Circadian Rhythm Sleep disorder (Sleep-wake schedule disorder)

persistent or recurrent sleep disruption leading to excessive sleepiness or insomnia that is due to a mismatch between the sleep-wake schedule required by a person's environment and his or her circadian sleep-wake pattern

Sleep Efficiency (SE)

the percentage of time actually spend sleeping of the total time spent in bed.

Dyssomnias

a problem in getting to sleep or in obtaining sleep of sufficient quality

Binge

a relatively brief episode of uncontrolled, excessive consumption, usually of food or alcohol

Bulimia Nervosa

an eating disorder involving recurrent episodes of uncontrolled excessive (binge) eating followed by compensatory actions to remove the food (for example, deliberate vomiting, laxative abuse, and excessive exercise)

Obesity

an excess of body fat resulting in a body mass index (a ratio of weight to height) of 30 or more

Rapid Eye Movement (REM)

the periodic intervals of sleep during which the eyes move rapidly from side to side, and dreams occur, but the body is inactive

Sleep Apnea

a disorder involving brief periods when breathing ceases during sleep

Individuals who don't feel rested despite sleeping a reasonable number of hours might be suffering from

a dyssomnia

Parasomnias

an abnormal behavior such as a nightmare or sleepwalking that occurs during sleep

Polysomnographic (PSG) Evaluation

an assessment of sleep disorders in which a client sleeping in the lab is monitored for heart, muscle, respiration, brain wave and other functions

Anorexia Nervosa

an eating disorder characterized by recurrent food refusal, leading to dangerously low body weight

Most individuals with bulimia nervosa are

of fairly normal body weight

The families of patients with anorexia nervosa are typically characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

open communication

Abnormal events such as nightmares, sleep terrors, and sleepwalking that occur during sleep or during the twilight time between sleep and waking are classified as

parasomnias

Nightmare Disorder (Dream anxiety disorder)

repeated awakenings with detailed recall of extended and extremely frightening dreams, usually involving threats to survival, security, or self-esteem; the awakenings generally occur during the second half of the sleep period

Sleepwalking Disorder

repeated episodes of arising from bed during sleep and walking about, usually occurring during the first third of the major sleep episode