Abnormal Psych Ch 11-15

When does obstructive sleep apnea typically occur?

When airflow is stopped due to a narrow airway or an obstruction in the airway

Thea is significantly underweight and disturbed by her body image. She tends to use diuretics and laxatives to keep her weight low. She experiences a sense of lack of control over eating, but only when she eats large amounts of food at a time. According to the DSM-5 criteria for feeding and eating disorders, she would most likely be diagnosed with the ________ type of anorexia nervosa.

binge/purge

Fred is of normal weight but is overconcerned with his body image. He often eats at the all-you-can-eat buffet and is guilty about not being able to control his eating. He then exercises excessively to control his weight. According to the DSM-5, he will most likely meet the diagnostic criteria for

bulimia nervosa.

Interventions based on the ________ of alcohol abuse and dependency help clients identify situations in which they are most likely to drink and lose control over their drinking, as well as their expectations that alcohol will help them cope in those situations.

cognitive models

What are the two branches of the human immune system?

The innate immune system and the specific immune system

Globally, approximately ________ percent of people over the age of 15 abstain from alcohol

62

Which of the following prescription drugs would most likely NOT diminish sexual drive and arousal and interfere with orgasm?

A statin

Which of the following requirements did DSM-5 eliminate from the anorexia nervosa diagnostic criteria?

Amenorrhea

For several months, Reba has kept her weight 10 to 15 pounds below what would be considered normal for her age and height. She uses laxatives after her meals as a purging behavior. She has become concerned because she has recently stopped menstruating. According to the DSM-5, with which of the following feeding and eating disorders will Reba most likely be diagnosed?

Anorexia nervosa, binge/purge type

________ is the tendency to be impulsive, sensation-seeking, and prone to antisocial behaviors such as violating laws.

Behavioral under-control

________ therapy is more effective than ________ in producing complete cessation of binge eating and purging and in preventing relapse over the long term.

Cognitive-behavioral; drug therapy

Which of the following is NOT a biological characteristic of people with gender dysphoria?

Fathers who are necessarily cisgendered

Which of the following is the most common pharmacological treatment method used for nicotine dependence?

Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)

Which of the following is a popular prescription opioid pain reliever?

Oxycodone

Which of the following is a reason why the strong age differences in alcohol use disorders decline with age?

People who have used alcohol excessively may die before they reach old age

Tobias has been having trouble performing adequately during sexual encounters. He finds himself worrying before and during sex, which seems to exacerbate his problems with performance. Which of the following psychological factors best explains Tobias's symptoms?

Performance anxiety

Mario has a history of dysthymic disorder. He has been taking medication for several years and he has been experiencing low sexual arousal and erectile problems. His friends have suggested that his sexual dysfunction is probably a side effect of his medication. If this is true, which type of medication is Mario most likely taking for his dysthymic disorder?

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Which of the following weight-loss medications results in increased blood pressure and heart rate?

Sibutramine

identify the physiological effects of nicotine

They resemble a fight-or-flight response.

Celeste went to a fraternity party on Saturday night and had too much to drink. Although the last thing she remembers is dancing with Paul, she does not recollect how she got home. Celeste is most likely experiencing:

a blackout.

Which of the following statements regarding testosterone replacement therapy for sexual dysfunction is true?

a) A Testosterone replacement therapy can be very effective for men whose low level of sexual desire or arousal are linked to low levels of testosterone. b) Hair loss is a common side effect in testosterone replacement therapy. c) In randomized control trials, testosterone appears to be effective in women with low levels of desire or arousal, particularly in post-menopausal women. d) In randomized control trials, testosterone replacement therapy has been shown to be ineffective in treating men with low levels of arousal or sexual desire. Correct: C

Which of the following statements about gender identity is true?

a) All children with gender dysphoria enter adulthood identifying with the non-natal sex. b) Gender identity is quite fluid in all children until about the age of 12. c) Gender identity is fixed at birth. d) Gender identity is generally quite stable from childhood into adulthood. Correct: D

Which of the following statements is not true?

a) Children with conduct disorder become more physiologically aroused than other children when confronted by stressors. b) Children with conduct disorder show abnormal cortisol levels both at rest an in response to a stressor. c) Children with conduct disorder have a slower heart rate than children without the disorder both at rest and under stress. d) Children with conduct disorder who also experience anxiety symptoms and emotion dysregulation may show more, rather than less, physiological reactivity. Correct: A

Which of the following is true of the link between depression and the risk of recurrent heart attacks and mortality in individuals with coronary heart disease (CHD)?

a) Depression doubles the risk. b) There is no correlation between the two. c) Depression increases the risk eight-fold. d) Depression reduces the risk. Correct: A

Which of the following statements about coronary heart disease (CHD) is true?

a) Increased heart rate variability is an indication of poorer functioning of the autonomic nervous system. b) Attempts to reduce depression in CHD patients through the use of antidepressants have been highly successful. c) Exercise is effective in reducing both CHD and depression. d) Heart rate variability is not a risk factor for CHD. Correct: C

Which of the following statements is true about sensate focus therapy?

a) Intercourse between partners is forbidden only if the problem is a female arousal disorder. b) The client with the problem is instructed not to be selfish and to focus on satisfying his or her partner. c) In the early phases of this therapy, partners are instructed to focus on intercourse. d) Clients are told to focus intently on the pleasure created by the exercises, not on intercourse. Correct: D

Which of the following is true of the effects of sleep deprivation?

a) It is much more pronounced in men than women. b) It reduces stress levels. c) It is possible for the body to develop tolerance to reduced sleep in a short span of time. d) It is cumulative in nature. Correct: D

Which of the following is true of sleep terror disorder?

a) It occurs during REM sleep. b) It occurs most often in children. c) It is the same as nightmare disorders. d) It results in memorable dreams. Correct: B

Which of the following statements is true about gay, lesbian, and bisexual people?

a) Most of the sex therapy treatments can't be readily adapted for gay, lesbian, or bisexual couples. b) Gay, lesbian, and bisexual people experience sexual dysfunctions for different reasons than those of heterosexual people. c) Many problems in sexual functioning experienced by gay, lesbian, and bisexual people may have to do with society's attitudes toward them. d) The American Psychiatric Association continues to view homosexuality as a psychological disorder. Correct: C

Which of the following observations is true?

a) Societal acceptance of heavy drinking by women has increased in recent generations, as has the rate of alcohol use among young women. b) Women tend to be more likely than men to carry risk factors for drug and alcohol abuse and dependence. c) Women suffer alcohol-related physical illnesses at higher levels of exposure to alcohol than men do. d) When they do use alcohol, women notice that they feel intoxicated much later than men. Correct: A

Which of the following is true of sleepwalking as a disorder of arousal?

a) The person sleepwalking is acting out a dream. b) It is most common among adults. c) It is dangerous to wake up a person experiencing this condition. d) It occurs during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Correct: D

Which of the following observations is true of the immune system?

a) The reaction of the innate immune system is specifically to the microorganism that enters the body. b) The innate immune system is slower to respond than the specific immune system. c) The response of the specific immune system is tailored to the particular type of pathogen present. d) The innate immune system remembers a pathogen so that if it attacks again the system is able to kill it more quickly and efficiently. Correct: C

Which of the following statements about people with minority sexual orientation is true?

a) There are no developmental influences to distinguish bisexual, gay, and lesbian people from heterosexual people. b) Most of the sex therapy treatments used for heterosexual people can be used by gay, lesbian, or bisexual people. c) Treatments for sexual dysfunction in lesbian, gay, and bisexual people must be customized to meet their needs. d) Bisexual, lesbian, and gay people have entirely different experiences of sexual dysfunction from heterosexual people. Correct: B

In the context of gender responses to stress, which of the following observations is true?

a) Women can benefit physiologically from being in a close relationship, even if that relationship is a negative one. b) Men are more emotionally, cognitively, and physiologically reactive than women to marital conflict. c) Women are more physiologically reactive than men to marital conflict. d) Men are more emotionally attuned to their partners and more conscious of conflict in their relationships. Correct: C

All of the following are components of the Type A pattern as originally formulated, EXCEPT:

a) a sense of time urgency. b) predictability of reactions. c) easily aroused hostility. d) competitive striving for achievement. Correct: B

Lucas bullies other kids, initiates fights, and has date raped his girlfriend. These behaviors are criteria for conduct disorder under

aggression toward people and animals.

Deliberately annoying peers, blaming others for one's mistakes, and refusing to do what is asked by parents or teachers are examples of the ________ criterion for oppositional defiant disorder?

argumentative/ defiant behavior

Simone meets all the criteria for anorexia nervosa EXCEPT that she falls within the normal weight range. According to the DSM-5, she will most likely be diagnosed with

atypical anorexia nervosa.

Oppositional defiant disorder differs from conduct disorder in that in oppositional defiant disorder children tend to:

be chronically negativistic.

Sam is aggressive to people, destroys his neighbor's property, and constantly steals and lies to his parents and others. Sam is likely to have a

conduct disorder.

Melvin has broken into someone's car, cons others, and has shoplifted several times before. These behaviors are criteria for conduct disorder under

deceitfulness or theft.

Because of his father's antisocial behaviors, Jake's has had difficulties keeping good jobs. His family moves to a poor neighborhood and has much financial difficulty. Jake begins to hang out with the other young men who display aggression and antisocial behaviors. This is an example of:

downward social drift.

Low-grade hypertension, combined with increases in the levels of triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein, puts alcohol abusers mostly at increased risk for:

heart disease.

Longitudinal studies have shown that women who:

internalize the thin ideal are more likely to develop bulimic symptoms.

Children with conduct disorder are:

more likely to have parents with antisocial behaviors.

Amile is underweight and uncomfortable with her body. She has no sense of lack of control over eating, and she exercises excessively. According to the DSM-5 criteria for anorexia nervosa, Amile would most likely be diagnosed with the ________ type of anorexia nervosa.

restricting

Alan is 12 years old and often stays out late at night despite his parents grounding him; he also runs away from home, stays out overnight, and often doesn't go to school. These behaviors are all criteria for conduct disorder under

serious violations of rules

Dominic has been seeing Dr. Provine for help with his feeding and eating disorder. In a highly nondirective manner, Dr. Provine helps Dominic talk about problems related to his feeding and eating disorder, including those related to his interpersonal relationships. This is an example of ________ therapy.

supportive-expressive psychodynamic

Research has shown that males with high levels of the hormone ________ are more likely to demonstrate aggressive behavior than males with lower levels of the hormone.

testosterone

Elijah likes to dress up in women's clothing and experiences sexual arousal from it. He is especially fond of formal eveningwear. Elijah's behavior is an example of

transvestic fetishistic disorder