Abnormal Psychology Exam 1 - part 1

Modern studies suggest that the average number of subpersonalities in cases of dissociative identity disorder is about _____ for women and about _____ for men. 8; 4 15; 8 4; 8 8; 15

15; 8

A biological theorist studies a psychological disorder through the interconnectivity of an entire network of brain structures. This shows the recent belief that the key to psychological disorders lies in: Genetic mutations Specific brain structures Congenital malformations Brain circuits

Brain circuits

What is one important way obsessions and compulsions are related? Obsessions generally lead to violent or immoral compulsions. Compulsions help people control their obsessions. Compulsions are a way to prevent obsessions from occurring. Obsessions are not related to compulsions.

Compulsions help people control their obsessions.

Biological theorists view abnormal behavior as a(n): Result of childhood trauma Learned behavior Illness Indicator of psychological conflict

Illness

Which statement is MOST accurate? Low GABA levels can increase activity in the fear circuit, leading to increased anxiety. Anxiety is causes by deficient levels of GABA throughout the brain. High GABA reception causes long-term anxiety. Long-term anxiety contributes to poor GABA reception.

Low GABA levels can increase activity in the fear circuit, leading to increased anxiety.

Which statement is TRUE regarding the models of abnormality? None of the models are complete within themselves. The underlying assumptions of each model are the same. All of the models include an element of the biological model. Each model views childhood trauma as a factor contributing to abnormal behavior.

None of the models are complete within themselves.

According to the psychodynamic model, current behavior is determined by all of the following except: One's values and goals Past experiences The id, ego, and superego Conflict between underlying psychological forces

One's values and goals

The model of abnormality that focuses on unconscious internal processes and conflicts in behavior is the ____ model. Sociocultural Psychodynamic Humanistic-existential Cognitive-behavioral

Psychodynamic

The theoretical position that explains the origin of anxiety disorders as the overrun of defense mechanisms by neurotic or moral anxiety is the _____ approach. Psychodynamic Sociocultural Cognitive-behavioral Humanistic

Psychodynamic

According to cognition-focused therapists, all of the following can be sources of abnormal thinking except: Rationalization Illogical thinking Disturbing and inaccurate assumptions and attitudes Overgeneralization

Rationalization

A psychologist believes that her client has a generalized anxiety disorder due to a lack of unconditional positive regard as a child and as a result has developed conditions of worth. The psychologist is following which theory? Pavlov's conditioning theory Rogers' client-centered theory Freud's psychoanalytic theory Ellis' rational emotive theory

Rogers' client-centered theory

The model of abnormality that examines the effects of society and culture is the ____ model. Psychodynamic Sociocultural Humanistic-existential Behavioral

Sociocultural

Which BEST describes someone with depersonalization? The person feels as if the others are unreal or possibly even dead. The person is focused on self, giving little consideration to others. The person feels detached from his or her own body. The person feels anxious all the time and is distrustful of others.

The person feels detached from his or her own body.

What do acute and posttraumatic stress disorder have in common with dissociative disorders? They are triggered by traumatic events They are diagnoses, first appearing in DSM 5 They are varieties of depression They are most successfully treated with the same sort of medication: antipsychotics

They are triggered by traumatic events

A person who witnessed a horrible car accident and then became unusually anxious and depressed for three weeks is probably experiencing: acute stress disorder pretraumatic stress disorder combat fatigue posttraumatic stress disorder

acute stress disorder

In the MOST common type of dissociative amnesia, a person loses memory for: some, but not all, events surrounding the trauma all events from the trauma onward all events before and after the trauma all events beginning with the trauma but within a limited period of time

all events beginning with the trauma but within a limited period of time

The MOST common mental disorders in the United States are: sexual disorders mood disorders personality disorders anxiety disorders

anxiety disorders

The _____ is the extensive network of nerve fibers that connect the central nervous system to all the other organs of the body. brain-body route autonomic nervous system sympathetic nervous system parasympathetic nervous system

autonomic nervous system

Which diagnosis includes a breakdown in sense of self, a significant alteration in memory or identity, and even a separation of one part of the identity from another part? dissociative disorder mood disorder personality disorder histrionic personality disorder

dissociative disorder

What kind of therapy entails a combat veteran undergoing eye movement desensitization and reprocessing? group therapy drug therapy exposure therapy insight therapy

exposure therapy

Which is NOT a treatment commonly used to treat dissociative amnesia? flooding drug therapy psychodynamic therapy hypnotic therapy

flooding

In the 1960s and 1970s, social upheaval and soul-searching in Western society gave rise to humanistic and existential therapies. The BEST explanation for this trend is that these theories: identified an external source as the cause of abnormal behavior. focused on a positive message and living a meaningful life. focused primarily on unconscious thoughts, instincts, and conflict. discounted the concept of abnormality and focused on acceptance.

focused on a positive message and living a meaningful life.

A person experiences wide-ranging and persistent feelings of worry and anxiety. This is most likely which disorder? generalized anxiety disorder specific phobia obsessive-compulsive disorder social anxiety disorder

generalized anxiety disorder

Which is typical of posttraumatic stress disorder? increased responsiveness and emotion right after the event increased arousal, negative emotions, and guilt inability to remember the event that led to the stress obsession with revisiting the site of the traumatic event

increased arousal, negative emotions, and guilt

David Rosenhan sent pseudopatients to a mental hospital, where they pretended to be disturbed. The results of this study led him to conclude that ____ greatly affects mental illness. communication an actual symptom the community mental health system labeling

labeling

A belief of many early cognitive-behavioral therapists, and one that continues to be influential today, is that generalized anxiety disorder is induced by: maladaptive assumptions lack of empathy interpersonal loss overactive id impulses

maladaptive assumptions

Every once in a while, Ona feels nervous to the point of terror. This feeling seems to come on suddenly and randomly. Her experience is an example of a(n): generalized anxiety disorder obsessive-compulsive disorder panic disorder phobic disorder

panic disorder

The sociocultural model of abnormality focuses on all of these factors except: social labels and roles social networks past traumatic experiences family structure and communication

past traumatic experiences

Agoraphobia is the fear of: speaking public places spiders flying

public places

Which is NOT a component of social anxiety disorder, according to research by cognitive theorists? overestimating how badly things might go during a social event repeatedly reviewing social events after they have occurred underestimating how badly a social event actually went thinking one has social flaws after they have occurred

underestimating how badly a social event actually went