Abnormal Psychology Unit 2 Multiple Choice Questions

Which is NOT a type of anxiety disorder? A. bipolar disorder B. panic disorder C. social anxiety disorder D. phobias

A. bipolar disorder

Having frequent headaches, disturbances in sleep, and loss of appetite are _____ symptoms of depression. A. physical B. emotional C. behavioral D. motivational

A. physical

Fear of venturing into public places is known as: A. acrophobia. B. agoraphobia. C. ophidiophobia. D. kenophobia.

B. agoraphobia

The abnormal activity of which transmitter is linked to depression and panic disorder? A. serotonin B. norepinephrine C. dopamine D. acetylcholine

B. norepinephrine

Freud proposed the concept of _____, in which other kinds of events are equated with loss of a loved one. A. projection B. object relations C. symbolic loss D. delusion

C. symbolic loss

The child most likely to show the first symptom of autism spectrum disorder would be a: A. boy under 3 years old. B. girl under 3 years old. C. boy over 5 years old. D. girl over 5 years old.

A. boy under 3 years old.

The individual associated with developing a cognitive theory of depression based on negative and maladaptive thinking was: A. Beck. B. Freud. C. Seligman. D. Lewinsohn.

A. Beck

Which statement would NOT reflect a part of the cognitive triad? A. Everyone is out to get me. B. Life is just too overwhelming. C. I don't even want to wake up tomorrow. D. I just can't go on.

A. Everyone is out to get me.

Which is the BEST example of the social contagion effect? A. If you had a close relative or friend who committed suicide, your risk of committing suicide is greater. B. The suicide of a family member is extremely stressful to others in the family. C. The suicide of a close family member or friend can have a lifelong impact on a person. D. Celebrity suicides do not have as great an impact on individuals as the suicide of a close family member.

A. If you had a close relative or friend who committed suicide, your risk of committing suicide is greater.

Leila always feels threatened and anxious—imagining something awful is about to happen. She is able to work and care for her family, although not as well as she would like. Leila is probably experiencing: A. a generalized anxiety disorder. B. a hormonal imbalance. C. no specific problem; she just likes to worry. D. a specific fear response.

A. a generalized anxiety disorder

Steve is afraid of eating in public, expecting to be judged negatively and to feel humiliated. As a result, he makes up excuses when asked out to eat. His diagnosis would probably be: A. a social phobia. B. a specific phobia. C. generalized anxiety disorder. D. posttraumatic stress disorder

A. a social phobia.

The mockingbird gets its name from the fact that it often imitates the call of other birds, without conveying any particular message. A child who imitates others' speech without any sign of understanding it MOST likely would be diagnosed with: A. autism spectrum disorder. B. ADHD. C. intellectual disability. D. oppositional defiant disorder

A. autism spectrum disorder.

"It's obvious that the patient observed friends who had symptoms of illness, then imitated those symptoms to get attention," says the therapist. The therapist MOST likely has which theoretical perspective? A. behavioral B. psychodynamic C. biological D. cognitive

A. behavioral

People who talk rapidly, dress flamboyantly, and get involved in dangerous activities are showing _____ symptoms of mania. A. behavioral B. motivational C. cognitive D. emotional

A. behavioral

Commonly observed triggers for suicide include all of these EXCEPT: A. being in therapy. B. heavy alcohol use. C. modeling of someone who committed suicide. D. stressful life events.

A. being in therapy

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is MORE common in _____ than in _____. A. boys; girls B. girls; boys C. adolescents; children D. adults; children

A. boys; girls

Just before debuting at Carnegie Hall, the pianist suffered paralysis of her left hand. Which BEST describes her disorder? A. conversion disorder B. somatization disorder C. pain disorder associated with psychological factors D. preoccupation disorder

A. conversion disorder

One speech problem displayed by many children with autism spectrum disorder is that they repeat everything said to them. This is called: A. echolalia. B. neologism. C. nominal aphasia. D. pronominal reversal.

A. echolalia.

The MOST common cognitive description of someone exhibiting mania is that the person is: A. excessively optimistic, with poor judgment. B. excessively optimistic, with normal self-esteem. C. very coherent, with good judgment. D. very coherent, with abnormally high self-esteem.

A. excessively optimistic, with poor judgment.

Fear differs from anxiety in that: A. fear is to a specific threat and anxiety is more general. B. anxiety is more likely to lead to aggression than is fear. C. anxiety is to an interpersonal threat and fear is to an inanimate threat. D. anxiety is an immediate response; fear is more vague.

A. fear is to a specific threat and anxiety is more general

A person who is restless, keyed up, and on edge for no apparent reason is experiencing: A. free-floating anxiety. B. specific anxiety. C. fearful anxiety. D. obsessions.

A. free-floating anxiety

The distress experienced by people with _____ is sometimes described as free-floating anxiety. A. generalized anxiety disorder B. neurotic anxiety C. obsessive-compulsive disorder D. agoraphobia

A. generalized anxiety disorder

Which is an example of malingering? A. intentionally faking a back problem to avoid military service B. intentionally faking an illness because one likes being a patient C. experiencing chest pains in response to intense stress D. enjoying unnecessary medical tests

A. intentionally faking a back problem to avoid military service

Which is a motivational symptom of depression? A. lack of desire to eat B. a negative view of oneself C. experiences of sadness and anger D. staying in bed for hours during the day

A. lack of desire to eat

A state of breathless euphoria, or frenzied energy, in which individuals have an exaggerated belief in their power describes: A. mania. B. dysthymia. C. depression. D. cyclothymia.

A. mania

Cognitive theorists explain depression in terms of a person's: A. negative interpretation of events. B. symbolic losses. C. decrease in positive activities. D. ethnic background.

A. negative interpretation of events.

Rosa's heart was racing (from the four cups of coffee she had just finished), but she thought she might be having a heart attack. Her fear seemed to be increasing without end. This might be the beginning of a: A. panic attack. B. manic episode. C. specific phobia. D. social phobia.

A. panic attack

The clinician who would be MOST likely to say, "Tell me about how your parents cared for and protected you," is a: A. psychodynamic clinician. B. behavioral clinician. C. cognitive clinician. D. sociocultural clinician.

A. psychodynamic clinician.

The most common of the identified chromosomal causes of Down syndrome is: A. trisomy 21. B. mosaicism. C. translocation. D. PKU.

A. trisomy 21.

To be classified as a major depressive episode, depression must last for a period of at least: A. two weeks. B. two months. C. one year. D. two years.

A. two weeks

Whose technique of rational-emotive therapy involves practitioners pointing out clients' irrational assumptions and suggesting more appropriate assumptions? A. Carl Rogers B. Albert Ellis C. Aaron Beck D. Carl Jung

B. Albert Ellis

Paula has moderate intellectual disability, a small head and flat face, as well as a protruding tongue. Her condition is MOST likely: A. PKU. B. Down syndrome. C. Tay-Sachs disease. D. fragile X syndrome.

B. Down syndrome.

Assume that you are alone in a room with a child suffering from a disorder of childhood. If you didn't know the child's diagnosis, what behavior of the child's might start to convince you that the disorder is autism spectrum disorder? A. The child argues defiantly with parents. B. The child is not responsive to other people. C. The child screams uncontrollably when separated from parents. D. The child is very active and finds it difficult to stay on task.

B. The child is not responsive to other people.

A person who has difficulty with interpersonal interactions but is otherwise high functioning and would have been diagnosed with Asperger's disorder in the past will now, using DSM-5, be diagnosed with: A. Asperger's disorder; nothing has changed. B. autism spectrum disorder. C. social communications disorder. D. no disorder.

B. autism spectrum disorder.

When someone who is about to leave for work checks the stove 10 times to make sure it is turned off, that person is exhibiting a(n): A. obsession. B. compulsion. C. panic attack. D. phobia.

B. compulsion

Anoxia, one possible source of intellectual disability, involves brain damage resulting from: A. ingestion of lead-based paint. B. lack of oxygen during or after delivery. C. poisoning from pesticides or fertilizer nitrates. D. seizures induced by inhalants or automobile exhaust fumes.

B. lack of oxygen during or after delivery.

The therapy for generalized anxiety disorder developed by Albert Ellis is called: A. behavior modification. B. rational-emotive therapy. C. self-instruction training. D. stress inoculation training.

B. rational-emotive therapy.

A patient had several surgeries over the years for vague and nonspecific sexual reproductive problems, visiting many of the top hospitals on the East Coast during the course of treatment. The BEST diagnosis for this disorder is: A. conversion disorder. B. somatic symptom disorder. C. pain disorder associated with psychological factors. D. preoccupation disorder.

B. somatic symptom disorder.

The difference between bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder is: A. the number of depressive and manic episodes. B. the severity of the manic episodes. C. the number of depressive episodes. D. the seasonal variation in the episodes.

B. the severity of the manic episodes.

People who experience obsessions show: A. typical levels of worry about real problems. B. thoughts that are intrusive and foreign to them. C. thoughts that they can easily ignore and resist. D. a lack of awareness that the thoughts are inappropriate.

B. thoughts that are intrusive and foreign to them.

People experiencing mania: A. are acutely aware of their domineering, excessive behaviors. B. want excitement and companionship. C. enthusiastically long for new friends but ignore old friends. D. enthusiastically look for old friends but ignore new friends.

B. want excitement and companionship.

Which theory states that people develop generalized anxiety disorders because they failed to receive unconditional positive regard as children and evaluate themselves with conditions of worth? A. Pavlov's conditioning theory B. Freud's psychoanalytic theory C. Rogers's client-centered theory D. Ellis's rational-emotive theory

C. Rogers's client-centered theory

The phobia MOST often associated with panic disorder is: A. claustrophobia. B. acrophobia. C. agoraphobia. D. metrophobia.

C. agoraphobia

To determine if a person's fear of snakes is severe enough to be categorized as a phobia, one could: A. show her a snake; if she appears to be very uncomfortable, she most likely has a phobia. B. show her a snake; if she appears to be very uncomfortable, she most likely has a fear. C. ask her if her fear of snakes has lasted for six months, if she avoids snakes, and if it interferes with daily living; if she says "yes," she most likely has a phobia. D. ask her if anxiety about snakes interferes with daily living; if she says "yes," she most likely has a fear.

C. ask her if her fear of snakes has lasted for six months, if she avoids snakes, and if it interferes with daily living; if she says "yes," she most likely has a phobia

Every time Miguel had a headache, his mother let him miss school. Now, as an adult, his headaches have become more frequent. His head pounds any time he is required to do something he would rather not do. This is a _____ explanation of conversion symptoms. A. cognitive B. biological C. behavioral D. cultural

C. behavioral

Which theoretical position explains the origin of phobias as due to classical conditioning? A. biological B. sociocultural C. behavioral D. psychodynamic

C. behavioral

A person displaying sadness, lack of energy, headaches, and feelings of low self-worth is showing all of the following symptoms EXCEPT: A. emotional symptoms. B. motivational symptoms. C. behavioral symptoms. D. cognitive symptoms.

C. behavioral symptoms

The belief that the prefrontal cortex has a very important part to play in the development of depression is probably: A. wrong; current studies focus on the hypothalamus. B. correct; higher activity in the prefrontal cortex is associated with depression. C. correct: lower activity in the prefrontal cortex is associated with depression. D. correct, although researchers haven't identified the specifics of the relationship.

C. correct: lower activity in the prefrontal cortex is associated with depression.

Which would be an emotional symptom of depression? A. lack of desire to eat B. a negative view of oneself C. experiences of sadness and anger D. staying in bed for hours during the day

C. experiences of sadness and anger

Which does not describe a person experiencing mania? A. getting little sleep B. seeking constant excitement C. feeling pessimistic D. euphoric joy

C. feeling pessimistic

According to the DSM-5, a major depressive episode is a period marked by at least _____ symptoms of depression and lasting for _____ weeks or more. A. six; two B. five; three C. five; two D. six; six

C. five; two

Cheri is 25, has an IQ of 60, and never did well at schoolwork. However, she now lives on her own, has a job, and is able to perform the routine chores of life. She would not be considered to have intellectual disability because: A. she is too old. B. her IQ is not low enough. C. her daily functioning is adequate. D. her condition was not diagnosed before the age of 18.

C. her daily functioning is adequate.

Which symptom pair denotes a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder? A. dysthymic symptoms and mania B. hypomania and depression C. mania and depression D. dysthymic symptoms and hypomania

C. mania and depression

It is common that the majority of people who commit suicidal acts also have another psychological disorder. Which would be the MOST common disorder associated with suicidal attempts? A. eating disorders B. dissociative disorders C. mood disorders D. attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

C. mood disorders

Sally is never sure of the right thing to do. She married Tod and has been wondering for years if that was the right decision. She is exhibiting: A. a compulsion. B. obsessive ideas. C. obsessive doubts. D. obsessive images.

C. obsessive doubts.

"Who wouldn't be afraid all the time? We have the bomb, overpopulation, AIDS, and violent crime everywhere. It is difficult to get a good job unless you understand all that complicated computer junk." This complaint is consistent with a _____ explanation of generalized anxiety disorder. A. behavioral B. humanistic C. sociocultural D. psychodynamic

C. sociocultural

When would religious rituals and superstitious behavior (such as not stepping on cracks) be considered compulsive behaviors? A. when done to provide comfort and reduce tension B. when done more than once a day C. when they interfere with daily function and cause distress D. never

C. when they interfere with daily function and cause distress

According to the biological perspective, malfunctioning of which neurotransmitter system contributes to generalized anxiety disorder? A. serotonin B. acetylcholine C. dopamine D. GABA

D. GABA

Based on the MOST current research, we can conclude that: A. MMR vaccinations are probably related to the incidence of autism spectrum disorder. B. MMR vaccinations are related to some, but not all of the cases of autism spectrum disorder. C. as parents have refused MMR vaccinations for their children, the incidence of autism spectrum disorder has declined. D. MMR vaccinations are not related to the development of autism spectrum disorder.

D. MMR vaccinations are not related to the development of autism spectrum disorder.

Which is an anxiety disorder? A. schizophrenia B. bipolar disorder C. major depression D. obsessive-compulsive disorder

D. OCD

If a chronically ill child was removed from his or her home and placed in foster care, and then became quite healthy, one might suspect that the parent (usually the mother) was experiencing: A. malingering. B. a psychophysical disorder. C. a somatoform disorder. D. a factitious disorder.

D. a factitious disorder.

Disorders that represent the conversion of conflicts and anxiety into physical symptoms would include: A. phobia disorders. B. dissociative disorders. C. psychophysiological disorders. D. conversion disorders.

D. conversion disorders.

A man appeared at the emergency room complaining of bloody diarrhea. The doctor who examined him found that the man was intentionally creating the diarrhea through use of laxatives and anticoagulant medication and liked being a patient. The man is MOST likely: A. experiencing a psychophysical disorder. B. malingering. C. experiencing a somatic disorder. D. experiencing a factitious disorder.

D. experiencing a factitious disorder.

"Phobic and generalized anxiety disorders arise when people stop looking at themselves honestly and with acceptance and instead deny and distort their true thoughts, emotions, and behavior." This explanation for anxiety disorders would MOST likely be offered by: A. behaviorists. B. cognitive theorists. C. sociocultural theorists. D. humanistic theorists.

D. humanistic theorists

The experience of a lack of desire to engage in sexual activity with one's spouse would be considered a(n) _____ symptom A. cognitive B. emotional C. behavioral D. motivational

D. motivational

A person experiencing mania goes out with friends, looking for adventure. In addition, the individual talks loudly, runs rather than walks, and gives away a lot of money to random people on the street. These symptoms are primarily: A. emotional and cognitive. B. physical and cognitive. C. motivational and behavioral. D. motivational and emotional.

D. motivational and emotional

The explanation of suicide as due to loss of loved ones and self-directed aggression is consistent with which theoretical perspective? A. cognitive B. humanist C. behavioral D. psychodynamic

D. psychodynamic

If you looked in Jeanette's medicine cabinet, you would find dozens of prescriptions and even more over-the-counter medications. Every time she sneezes, Jeanette is sure she has the latest deadly flu, although no physician has ever found anything wrong with her. Jeanette probably suffers from: A. conversion disorder. B. body dysmorphic disorder. C. Munchausen syndrome. D. somatic symptom disorder.

D. somatic symptom disorder

According to the DSM-5, all of the following are considered symptoms of a manic episode EXCEPT: A. distractibility. B. inflated self-esteem. C. decreased need for sleep. D. suicidal ideation.

D. suicidal ideation.

Sal is suffering from arachnophobia. His therapist first has him go through relaxation training and then has him construct a fear hierarchy. Finally, the therapist has him go through a phase of graded pairings of spiders and relaxation responses. This approach is called: A. modeling. B. flooding. C. implosive therapy. D. systematic desensitization.

D. systematic desensitization.

Which theoretical position explains the origin of anxiety disorders as the overrun of defense mechanisms by neurotic or moral anxiety? A. the behavioral approach B. the humanistic approach C. the sociocultural approach D. the psychodynamic approach

D. the psychodynamic approach

To receive a diagnosis of dysthymic syndrome, an individual must have experienced symptoms for at least: A. two weeks. B. two months. C. one year. D. two years.

D. two years

Family pedigree and twin studies have been used to look for a predisposition for unipolar depression within families. Which theoretical framework encompasses these studies? A. humanist B. biological C. behavioral D. psychodynamic

psychodynamic