Abnormal Scrotum

Which of the following best describes a spermatocele? a. the most common malignant neoplasm of the scrotum b. benign intratesticular cyst c. simple-appearing cyst, found within the head of epididymis, that may contain debris d. a dilated group of veins found within the scrotum

c. simple-appearing cyst, found within the head of epididymis, that may contain debris

A common cyst most often seen in the head of the epididymis that contains nonviable sperm is the: a. epididymal cyst b. tunica albuginea c. spermatocele d. seminoma

c. spermatocele

A 7 yo boy presents with acute testicular pain localized to the superior pole of his right testis. What is the most likely diagnosis? a. testicular torsion b. hydrocele c. torsion of the testicular appendage d. yolk sac tumor

c. torsion of the testicular appendage

Dilated veins of a variocele will measure: a. > 8 mm b. > 4 mm c. < 2 mm d. > 2 mm

d. > 2 mm

The most common germ cell tumor of the testis is the: a. yolk sac tumor b. embryonal cell carcinoma c. seminoma d. teratoma

c. seminoma

What is the most common malignancy of the testicles? a. embryonal cell carcinoma b. seminoma c. choriocarcinoma d. spermatocele

b. seminoma

All of the following are sonographic findings consistent with the diagnosis of testicular torsion except: a. hyperemic flow within the testis b. hypoechoic testis c. reactive hydrocele d. decreased intratesticular flow (compared with asymptomatic testis)

a. hyperemic flow within the testis

Secondary varioceles are associated with all of the following except: a. left-sided location b. right-sided location c. hepatomegaly d. renal mass

a. left-sided location

All of the following are sonographic findings consistent with torsion of the tersticular appendage except: a. no intratesticular flow b. small hyperechoic mass adjacent to the testis c. reactive hydrocele d. scrotal wall thickening

a. no intratesticular flow

A 30 yo patient presents with a low-grade fever and acute testicular pain. An enlarged hypoechoic right testis is demonstrated on ultrasound. Hypervascular flow is demonstrated within the testis on color doppler imaging. On the basis of this clinical history, the sonographic findings are most suspicious for which of the following abnormalities? a. orchitis b. epididymitis c. testicular torsion d. tubular ectasia e. malignant neoplasm

a. orchitis

Which of the following techniques is useful at providing sonographic evidence of a variocele? a. valsalva maneuver b. sitting position c. pulsed doppler d. right lateral decubitus position

a. valsalva maneuver

A dilated group of veins found within the scrotum is defined as a: a. variocele b. spermatocele c. seminoma d. hydrocele

a. variocele

What is the most common correctable cause of male infertility? a. variocele b. chlamydia c. hydrocele d. testicular torsion

a. variocele

A simple fluid collection surrounding the testis is referred to as a: a. hematocele b. hydrocele c. variocele d. spermatocele

b. hydrocele

The most common location of a variocele is: a. right side of scrotum b. left side of scrotum c. inguinal canal d. within the testis

b. left side of scrotum

Primary varioceles are assocaited with all of the following except: a. left-sided location b. retroperitoneal mass c. infertility d. palpable extratesticular mass

b. retroperitoneal mass

The lack of the normal fixation of the testis to the posterior scrotal wall is referred to as: a. klinefelter syndrome b. blue dot sign c. bell-clapper deformity d. cryptorchidism

c. bell-clapper deformity

The most common location of a hydrocele is: a. superior to the testis b. within the scrotal wall c. between the two layers of the tunica vaginalis d. between the tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea

c. between the two layers of the tunica vaginalis

Which of the following pathologies is the most common cause of acute scrotal pain? a. orchitis b. hydrocele c. variocele d. epididymitis e. testicular torsion

d. epididymitis

Indications for a scrotal ultrasound may include all of the following except: a. infertility b. groin pain c. palpable mass d. undescended testes e. decreased urine output

e. decreased urine output

Sudden onset of sever scrotal pain in an adolescent patient is most suspicious for: a. orchitis b. hydrocele c. epididymitis d. testicular rupture e. testicular torsion

e. testicular torsion

Twisting of the spermatic cord upon itself is a predisposing factor of which of the following abnormalities? a. orchitis b. prostatitis c. epididymitis d. spermatocele e. testicular torsion

e. testicular torsion

Epididymitis is most commonly caused by which of the following conditions? a. hydrocele b. variocele c. bladder infection d. inguinal hernia e. epididymal cyst

c. bladder infection

A hydrocele is defined as an abnormal fluid collection between the: a. tunica albuginea and tunica vaginalis b. spermatic cord and tunica albuginea c. two layers of the tunica vaginalis d. spermatic cord and tunica vaginalis e. two layers of the tunica albuginea

c. two layers of the tunica vaginalis

A 23 yo man presents with a history of infertility. Which of the following is associated with male infertility? a. spermatocele b. choriocarcinoma c. variocele d. hydrocele

c. variocele

What is the most common sonographic appearance of a seminoma? a. hyperechoic b. anechoic c. heterogeneous with calcifications d. hypoechoic

d. hypoechoic

An anechoic structure arising from the rete testes describes which of the following structures? a. epididymal cyst b. testicular cyst c. hydrocele d. spermatocele e. prostate cyst

d. spermatocele

"Bell clapper" is another term used to describe which of the following abnormalities? a. hydrocele b. variocele c. microcalcifications d. testicular torsion e. cryptorchidism

d. testicular torsion

Acute onset of testicular pain at rest is a common clinical finding with: a. testicular carcinoma b. hydrocele c. testicular trauma d. testicular torsion

d. testicular torsion

Cryptorchism is associated with an increased risk in developing: a. orchitis b. variocele c. spermatocele d. testicular torsion e. microcalcifications

d. testicular torsion

The blue dot sign is indicative of: a. testicular torsion b. epididymitis c. orchitis d. torsion of the testicular appendage

d. torsion of the testicular appendage

What scrotal abnormality is caused by incompetent valves within the pampiniform plexus? a. testicular carcinoma b. testicular microlithiasis c. testicular torsion d. variocele

d. variocele