Academic Integrity Exam #3 Pt. 2

Academic Integrity faculty checklist: - Be aware of your students.

-Tell students you value integrity and expect it in your course. -Tell students you value their work and thoughts. -Make sure students understand the purpose and value of assignments. Help them see how they are applicable to their advancement. -Encourage them to take ownership of their learning.

Academic Integrity faculty checklist: - Be aware of the process

-What is considered "cheating" at your institution? -How will you report cases? -Know the consequences for students. -Know what to do in the "moment" when you observe a student cheating.

Academic Integrity faculty checklist: - Be aware of new technologies

-large group chat apps (GroupMe, Slack, WhatsApp) -paper mills (schoolsucks.com, etc.) -evolving technologies (smart watches, smart rings, wireless earbuds, contact lenses, etc.) Technology: the good & the bad •GOOD: Increased ability to detect cheating •BAD: Increased student access to resources for cheating Stages of institutional development for academic integrity

Most people think of academic dishonesty as being limited to cheating on a test or plagiarizing on a paper. However, it is bigger than that. Other examples can include:

1. Destroying, stealing, or manipulating course materials 2.Altering laboratory setups during a practical exam 3.Sharing/publishing course materials without permission from the instructor 4.Stealing another person's assignment, project, notes 5.Interfering with others' ability to learn by causing interruptions in class 6.Refusing to comply with teacher's instructions 7.Falsifying a bomb threat or unnecessarily setting off fire alarm 8.Failing to correctly identify yourself for a test 9.Signing the attendance sheet for a classmate who is not present 10. Altering a previously graded test or assignment 11. Forging a teacher's signature 12. Submitting an altered transcript to a university or to an employer

Results of Academic Dishonesty/Misconduct

1. Teacher not able to fairly assess student work 2. Students who view cheating as "a norm" will do the same in their professional careers. 3. Creates a culture of mistrust 4. Prevents intellectual growth 5. Devalues education 6.Sanctioned students are less likely to finish education 7.Tarnishes educational institution's reputation 8.Accrediting agency may revoke accreditation status 9.Patient harm 10.Loss of confidence in a profession as a whole

Attitudes toward cheating

1. Those who do it genuinely do not view it as "wrong" 2. View it as not seriously causing harm 3. Part of social norm, so it is "ok"

The International Center for Academic Integrity

A commitment, even in the face of adversity, to 6 fundamental values: honesty, trust, fairness, respect, responsibility, and courage

Academic Integrity faculty checklist: - Be aware of your course

-Express importance of integrity in & outside of your classroom, lab, clinic -Reference academic integrity; make it a common part of conversations

What is Academic Dishonesty/Misconduct?

Can be: Action carried out OR Attempted Action Creates unfair academic advantage for: Yourself OR Someone else

the grandfather of academic integrity

Dr. Don McCabe

Students Choose

•1. Never cheat •2. Always cheat •3. Opportunistic cheater

Stage 3: Mature

•Academic integrity policies & procedures exist and are well known. •However, they are not fully supported/upheld by all •New faculty & new students are well oriented to it •Old faculty & old students are still getting used to it and the institution does a lot to advertise it

Stage #2: Radar Screen

•An awareness of need exists •Stakeholders are concerned about the weaknesses, inconsistencies, & unfairness of policies that might exist •Typically initiated by administrators due to risk of litigation

Influencers that increase rates of academic misconduct

•Culture- less developed countries; especially those of past communist governments •Low socioeconomic status •Under the age of 25 (more likely) •Gender (men more likely) •Those with no previous educational degree •Stress, anxiety, and depression increases chances that someone would cheat: •According to The International Center for Academic Integrity, this is a problem that has been amplified among college students since COVID-19.

Why do students cheat?

•Easier than studying hard •Pressure to succeed •Competition with others •Attitude that an assessment is unfair •"Cheating culture" (no honor code tradition) •Wanting to help another person (allows them to cheat without reporting it OR assists them with obtaining information) •Easy access to information - internet makes it easy, and it can be easily done in online classes. Some classroom settings make it easy, especially when students sit close together. •Technology makes information accessible •lack of awareness of what constitutes cheating (NOTE: this is not generally accepted when sanctions are being decided) •Student may view material as being irrelevant and unworthy of the time it takes to study •Student may view course as being too difficult and not worth the effort of studying •Procrastination can make students desperate •Competition for grades •What else can you think of?

#1: Primitive Stage

•Institution has no established policies or procedures •Great variation exists among faculty and administrators about how to manage cheating

Types of Plagiarism

•Intentional •Unintentional

It is a systematic Problem

•Management requires a diverse approach & include: •preventative education for faculty & students •consistent policies & procedures that are reinforced •Sanctions (should be proportionate & transparent): •verbal warning •decreased grade or zero •fail course •expulsion from program/institution

Types of Academic Dishonesty/Misconduct

•Manipulating course materials •Altering lab setup during practical •Sharing materials without permission •Stealing assignment, project, notes •Interfering with learning by causing interruptions •Refusing to comply with teacher's instructions •Violating confidentiality •Falsifying bomb threat or fire alarm •Failing to identify yourself for a test •Signing attendance sheet for classmate •Altering previously graded test •Forging signatures •Submitting altered transcripts •Falsifying research results •Plagiarizing authors from any form of text •Self-plagiarism •Copying during tests •Obtaining test questions ahead of a test •Collaboration on assignments designed as individual work •Falsifying certifications •Reporting false patient observations

Contract Cheating (cheater for hire)

•Online companies for hire advertised as "helping" students. They actually undermine teaching and learning •Students have academic work completed for them by another person •Typically involves monetary payment to hired person who creates the work. •Less likely to be caught by plagiarism detection software like TurnItIn or SafeAssign •What to do??: •International Day of Action Against Contract Cheating - a movement created to combat this problem

Stage 4: Honor Code

•The institution's code sets them apart from others. They are widely recognized for lower rates of academic dishonesty. •The students assume responsibility for upholding the Code.

Academic Integrity faculty checklist: - Be aware of your assignments

-Provide clear examples -Scaffold large/complex assignments to reduce overwhelming student -Coach students through assignment -Break up into staggered parts -Use multiple versions of exams -Randomize questions -Ensure assignments are in-line with course objectives & content. If reflected in tests and assignments, students will feel less confused and less pressured to cheat.

Take Time to Reflect

•What surprised you most about this topic? •What is the biggest challenge regarding academic integrity? •How do you think we should address these issues? •Do you think the problem will get better or worse with future generations? •Do you think "helping" children with schoolwork could lead to tendencies of lifelong cheating? Charles Swindoll quote: "Real integrity stays in place whether the test is adversity or prosperity."

Teachers must attempt to nurture honesty & professionalism among students

•be approachable •teach time management •explain situations considered to be cheating so students can self-identify •create assignments that are difficult to cheat on •give students a chance to practice before being graded •encourage self-check with technology (SafeAssign)

What is Academic Integrity?

•honesty •trust •fairness •respect •responsibility •courage