ADD 201 REVIEW
Which of the following was NOT a part of the late medieval town hall archetype?
A banquet hall
Which of the following is NOT a formal indication of the change to Renaissance design thinking found in the Palazzo Davanzati?
A bench for public to sit on
Which of the following is the best description of a church of the mendicant orders?
A big box to preach in
What is the Kaaba?
A black stone at the sacred heart of Islam
What is the primary characteristic of English colonial houses of the second half of the eighteenth century that distinguishes them from earlier houses?
A central pavilion topped by a pediment and framed by colossal pilasters.
Which of the following is best suited for use as a martyrium? A centralized church
A centralized church
What features do most Italian cathedrals have that Northern European cathedrals do not?
A dome over the crossing
The definition of a "pendentive" is
A form which makes a transition between a square room and a round dome
Which of the following was NOT a reason for the rise of the mendicant orders?
A growing desire to withdraw from the world to study and pray.
Which of the following was NOT new about the Palazzo Medici-Riccardi?
A new building type in plan
Which of the following was NOT one of the characteristics of the archetypal east facade of the Louvre?
A piano nobile
How would you describe the interior of a mendicant church?
A plain preaching box.
The typical Protestant church can best be described as what?
A preaching box or auditorium
What were the Laws of the Indies?
A set of planning regulations by which colonial cities were to be organized.
In plan, the Old Ship Meeting house most resembles:
An auditorium
Which of the following best describes a typical Protestant Reformation church?
An auditorium
What is a baldacchino?
An ornamental canopy over an altar
What is the definition of Renaissance architecture?
Architecture that revives the use of the classical Orders and proportional system to govern design.
Which of the following best describes the way Soufflot saw the design of Le Pantheon?
As a combination of rational structure and the opening up of the wall of Gothic architecture.
Why is it important that the town hall tower be tall?
Because a tall tower was a symbol of economic and political power.
Why is Laugier one of the first to speak admiringly of Gothic architecture?
Because he admired its clear expression of structure.
What building is considered to be the ultimate achievement of the English Baroque?
Blenheim Palace
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Wren's parish churches?
Complex geometries in plan
Which of the following was NOT one of the primary design elements of a Gothic cathedral?
Creating a dark, mysterious atmosphere
How would you describe Brunelleschi's design approach?
Creating something new by a synthesis of a through understanding of both medieval and classical traditions.
The lighting an atmosphere of a typical Byzantine church is best described as
Dark and glittering
How do the architectural characteristics of the Great Mosque of Djenne differ from those of typical Arabic mosques?
Distinctive architectural characteristics include vertical recesses and buttresses, narrow openings, monumental portals, and thick battered walls.
What unique characteristic distinguishes Norman architecture?
Exuberant patterning on architectural elements.
The perpendicular phase of English Gothic is characterized by which of the following?
Fan vaults
Which of the following is typical of Robert Adam's interiors?
Fine delicate low-relief plaster patterns applied to the walls and especially the ceilings.
What are the five distinguishing characteristics of the Baroque style?
Huge scale, richness of materials, dramatic use of color, theatrical contrast of light and dark, and the combination of architecture with sculpture
Which of the following is NOT true about Brunelleschi's Old Sacristy?
It has highly activated wall surfaces
Which of the following is NOT true about the Palazzo del Te?
It is a villa rustica
What is the dominant spatial quality of the Palatine Chapel?
It is centralized.
Which of the following is NOT true about Bernini's St. Andrea al Quirinale?
It is located in Bavaria
Which of the following is NOT true about the Palazzo Rucellai?
It is made of rusticated stone
Which of the following is NOT true about the Tempietto?
It uses the Ionic Order correctly
What was radical and controversial about the placement of the steeple in Gibb's St. Martin-in-the-Fields?
It was placed above the body of the church, separated from the ground.
What was the first book by a British architect to consist entirely of his own designs?
James Gibbs' Book of Architecture
What three characteristics did Charlemagne's architects rely on in their attempt to resurrect Roman architecture?
Large size, geometric order, and use of classical detail.
What unique characteristics distinguish Tuscan Romanesque?
Lombard, screen, facades, and polychromy.
Wren's design for St. Paul's Cathedral is best described as:
Majestic, proportionate, and calm
What is Romanesque architecture called in England?
Norman
What is the main difference between northern and southern English colonial churches?
Northern ones are very plain, while Southern ones attempt to copy Gothic forms.
Which of the following best describes the architecture of Michelangelo?
Purposely breaking the rules to shock
Which of the following is NOT a common thread in Central American sacred architecture?
Roof Combs ( only the Mayans developed this technology)
Which of the following is typical of art that is considered Beautiful by Burke?
Smooth, delicate surfaces and forms.
Which of the following was invented by the Master of Chartres?
Stone tracery to support stained glass windows
Which of the following is NOT an element of the design vocabulary of Brunelleschi?
Strict adherence to classical rules
What formal elements of the Foundling Hospital speak to a desire for classical ordering?
Symmetric, round arches, saucer domes in the bays of the arcade, classical column capitals, classical profile for the architraves of the upper-story windows.
What stopped the expansion of the Sienese Duomo?
The Black Plague
Which of the following uses spolia and double arches?
The Great Mosque of Cordoba
Which of the following is NOT a way in which Michelangelo's New Sacristy differs from Brunelleschi's Old Sacristy?
The New Sacristy is much larger in plan
Which is the first culture to develop urban settlements in Central America?
The Olmecs
Which of the following is the name of the town hall in Florence?
The Palazzo Vecchio
Which of the following is located just inside the north gate in the walls of Rome?
The Piazza del Popolo
Which of the following is NOT a part of a Buddhist monastery?
The Vimana
What are the parts of a typical Spanish mission complex?
The church itself, the convent, the atrio, the posas, and in larger one, an outdoor chapel.
What is the "maqsura"?
The decorated bay in front of the mihrab
What is the most easily recognized exterior characteristic of Gothic architecture?
The flying buttress
Which of the following is NOT part of a typical Hindu temple? The harmika
The harmika
What were some of the reasons for the rise of the mendicant orders?
The increase in the urban poor, the growing number of religious who believed that the Church needed reform and a return to simplicity, the need for new churches where sacraments could be administered, and the new decree by Pope Innocent III ordaining that people hear preaching.
In the site plan of Versailles, axes focus on which of the following spaces?
The king's bedroom
What is a posa?
The little chapel niche built into the corner of the courtyard wall of a Spanish mission.
What was the function of the loggia in the Early Renaissance town palace?
The loggia of a wealthy merchant family was a place of business and the space of intersection between private and public realms.
What was a factor that resulted in the development of the new town palace in the Renaissance?
The new value placed on public display and a public civic realm.
What were the three classes of feudal society?
The nobility, the clergy, and everyone else.
Which of the following was NOT an Antique model used in Alberti's San Andrea in Mantua?
The palace
What was the Acqua Felice project?
The renovation of an ancient Roman aqueduct to produce clean water
Which of the following was NOT a structural or formal technique used by Gothic designers?
The ribbed dome
On what part of the church did Wren focus to give each church a unique identity?
The spire
What are the six parts of a traditional mosque?
The surrounding wall, the open court, the water source for conducting ablutions called the hauz, the columned hall, the mihrab niche, and the minaret.
What are the parts of the town hall archetype?
The tower, the second floor meeting room with a large window, the plaza in front of the main facade, the monumental stair and landing or balcony, and the ground floor loggia.
What characteristic distinguishes Northern Italian Romanesque from that of other religions?
The use of brick as a material.
The decorated phase of English Gothic is characterized by which of the following?
Tierceron Vaulting
What is the purpose of the loggia attached to the town hall?
To be a place of public business and ceremony.
Why is there a piazza in front of a town hall?
To have a space to hold elections by acclamation.
What was the function of the exterior stair and landing or balcony on the facade of the town hall?
To serve as the platform from which announcements were made and candidates presented.
What does it mean to use "Spolia"?
To use parts of old buildings in a new one.
The Rayonnant Phase of French Gothic is characterized by which of the following?
Tracery patterns like flickering flames
Which of the following symbolic systems does Borromini use in his design of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane?
Triangles representing the Holy Trinity
Which of the following is NOT a way in which Early English Gothic differs from Early French?
Use of large lancet windows with tracery
Which of the following did NOT fit into the feudal order of society?
Wealthy merchants
What are "torons"?
Whiskery wooden projections from an adobe wall used decoratively.
What are the materials used to rebuild the Naiku or Inner shrine at Ise?
Wood, thatch, and stone
Which of the following might be found in a jardin anglais? All of the above might be found.
(A miniature Ionic temple, A ruined Gothic chapel, and a Chinese pavilion.)
The layout of Mayan high density centers is best described as:
Centripetal
What three formal characteristics do all Romanesque churches share?
Blind arcading, transverse arches, and vaulted naves.
The spatial quality of Hagia Sophia is best characterized as
Both centralized and axial at the same time
Which of the following was NOT one of the tasks facing fifteenth- and sixteenth-century popes?
Building a new wall around Rome