Addiction final
6. According to Rawson, identify the time of course of the resolution stage of alcohol/drug recovery. A. 180-360 days B. 45-60 days C. 12-100 days D. 120-180 days E. 15-45 days
A
Identify a factor that is associated with risk behaviors. A. Less education B. High income C. Strong ethnic identity D. Church participation E. Internal locus of control
A
The Wolins define _____ as an internal protective factor and the ability to bounce back. A. resiliency B. recovery C. relapse D. proactivity E. empowerment
A
The stages of a formal intervention in order are: A. assessment, preintervention, intervention, and postintervention. B. assessment, confrontation, preintervention, and intervention. C. preintervention, assessment, intervention, and postintervention. D. preintervention, assessment, intervention, and postfollow-up. E. assessment, preintervention, intervention, and debriefing.
A
Which of the following statements is true of the assessment stage of a formal intervention process? A. An interventionist attempts to clarify the dimensions of the problem with alcohol/drugs. B. An interventionist gives family members information about the dynamics of chemical dependency. C. Group members develop their scripts and role-play their intervention. D. An intervention group decides when and where an intervention should take place. E. People make notes of the 30-day inpatient program after an intervention is completed.
A
_____ is a personality disorder that has a marked instability of mood and is characterized by intense interpersonal attachments. A. Borderline personality disorder B. Antisocial personality disorder C. Narcissistic personality disorder D. Bipolar personality disorder E. Delusional personality disorder
A
8. In the context of self as described in the Johari window, which of the following is an example of one's public self? A. Sexual practices B. Marital status C. Intrapersonal thoughts D. Mistakes made in the past or present E. Family of origin issues
B
According to Masterson, which of the following elements is part of abandonment depression? A. Emotional intelligence B. Feelings of emptiness and void C. Hypomanic symptoms D. Excessive alcohol/drug use E. None of these
B
According to the chapter, identify the age group with the highest rate of serious mental illness (SMI). A. Age group 14-17 B. Age group 18-25 C. Age group 26-49 D. Age group 50-65 E. Age group 65-80
B
According to the resiliency factors as described by the Wolins, _____ is a push for mastery that combats the feelings of helplessness troubled families produce in their offspring. A. insight B. initiative C. creativity D. independence E. morality
B
According to this chapter, interventions are most likely to be effective in getting individuals into treatment when: A. adolescents are compelled to go through a formal intervention process. B. addicts recognize their behavior has been a problem. C. more family members are aware of a problem. D. parents are present, even though they might be divorced or separated. E. parents come down hard on the penalties they will impose on their children.
B
According to this chapter, the most widely used psychoactive drug known is: A. cocaine. B. beverage alcohol. C. caffeine. D. marijuana. E. ecstasy.
B
How many assets does the developmental assets model describe? A. Over Ninety B. Forty C. Seven D. Thirty-two E. None of these
B
Identify a true statement about organic depression. A. It is found more often with co-occurring substance abuse than other types of affective disorders. B. It can occur as a result of head injuries, nutritional deficiencies, and physical illness. C. It is otherwise known as manic-depressive illness. D. It is a nonaffective disorder. E. It is an extreme form of schizophrenia.
B
In the _____ stage of change, people are considering change but are ambivalent about it. A. determination B. contemplative C. precontemplative D. action E. maintenance relapse
B
Manic episodes of bipolar disorder are characterized by all EXCEPT: A. excessive spending. B. an increased need for sleep. C. grandiosity. D. pressured speech. E. an increased preoccupation with sexuality, religious, and/or philosophical themes.
B
Participants in an intervention need to guard against the alcoholic/addict's exceptional ability to: A. assemble a bottom-line script. B. distract the intervention group from the goals of the intervention. C. make behavior-specific statements. D. be aggressive towards their family members and peers. E. speak at length about their alcohol/drug problem.
B
Prevention efforts for people of color and other minorities must be: A. focused on educational approaches at local shelters. B. community based. C. focused on targeting the liquor industry and their marketing practices. D. delivered in the vernacular of the neighborhood. E. focused on providing access to information system rather than addressing prejudice or racism issues.
B
The "primary" goal of an alcohol/drug intervention is to: A. create awareness among family members and the alcoholic/addict. B. get the addicted person to recognize his problem and then get that person into treatment. C. provide an opportunity for those who care about the alcoholic/addict to express their feelings. D. provide an opportunity for family members to set boundaries. E. challenge the addict to prove that he does not have a problem.
B
The following are examples of interventions during the experimentation stage EXCEPT: A. focusing on communication and exploration of values, attitudes, and feelings about alcohol and drugs. B. discussing at-risk factors of alcohol/drug dependence and addiction. C. teaching and modeling skills in coping with conflicts, dealing with authority figures, and controlling destructive impulses. D. providing information about chemical dependence and addiction. E. educating about alcohol/drug prevention and family systems.
B
The non-directive motivational interview is symbolized by OARS. What does OARS stand for? A. Openness, attitude, rehearsal, and sharing B. Open-ended, affirmation, reflecting, and summarizing C. Operational, attitude, rehearsal, and success D. Open, alive, real, and sincere E. None of these
B
The stage of change in motivational interviewing when a therapist raises doubt and increases a client's perception of risks and problems is called the _____ stage. A. contemplative B. precontemplative C. determination D. maintenance relapse E. relapse prevention
B
When using a directive-only approach, a person who does NOT use motivational interviewing will: A. systematically guide toward motivation for change. B. see resistance as "denial"—something that must be confronted. C. emphasize his or her client's personal choice and responsibility. D. offer advice and feedback where appropriate. E. respond to resistance with reflection to clarify his or her client's viewpoint.
B
Which of the following is an externalizing problem in the context of treating co-occurring disorders in adolescents? A. Anxiety B. Illegal activity C. Suicidal thoughts D. Depression E. Narcissism
B
Which of the following is part of the mnemonic FRAMES as developed by Miller and Rollnick? A. Rationale B. Feedback C. Accountability D. Management E. Self-doubt
B
Which of the following reasons makes interventions 100 percent effective, regardless of whether an alcoholic decides to get help and treatment? A. All family members get a chance to complain. B. The family has begun the process of change. C. An interventionist gets paid. D. The alcoholic admits he might have a little problem. E. None of these are correct.
B
_____ is characterized by a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy. A. Antisocial personality disorder B. Narcissistic personality disorder C. Delusional personality disorder D. Borderline personality disorder E. Dependent personality disorder
B
_____ is frequently the diagnosis for many adult children of alcoholics. A. Major depression B. Atypical depression C. Schizophrenia D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder E. Bipolar disorder
B
According to the resiliency factors as described by the Wolins, _____ is the habit of asking tough questions that pierce the denial and confusion in troubled families. A. independence B. initiative C. insight D. creativity E. morality
C
Change is described in Buddhist teachings as: A. procrastination. B. engaging in confrontation. C. mindful surrender. D. denial and delusion. E. reflecting through skepticism.
C
During the initial contact stage, the following types of interventions are typically used EXCEPT: A. expressing concerns about safety. B. discussing at-risk factors of alcohol/drug dependence and addiction. C. conducting a formal intervention and looking at inpatient/residential treatment for chemical dependency. D. talking with other parents about a child's behavior in their homes. E. becoming more aware of a child's behavior and signs of alcohol/drug use.
C
In order for alternative activities to be successful, the alternative activities need to be: A. of short duration and attainable. B. within the skill level and resources of an individual. C. acceptable, attractive, and attainable. D. consistent with the function of the drug it replaces. E. passive activities and should avoid calling for any commitment or effort from a drug user.
C
In the context of depression, _____ refers to how often one feels depressed. A. severity B. duration C. frequency D. precipitation E. regulation
C
Richard Rawson describes the "Wall Stage" of recovery as occurring at _____. A. 0-15 days B. 16-45 days C. 45-120 days D. 46-90 days E. 181-360 days
C
The "Nondirective" part of motivational interviewing, OARS, includes all of the following suggestions EXCEPT: A. reflecting underlying feelings. B. summarizing what the client has said. C. confronting the alcoholic in a strong way. D. encouraging a client to talk about what's important to him. E. asking open-ended questions.
C
Which of the following is an asset category that is included in the developmental assets model? A. Alcoholism in the family B. Socioeconomic group C. Boundaries and expectations D. Degree of individuation from family of origin E. Grief and loss issues
C
Which of the following is true of major depression? A. It is a mood disorder of longer term than dysthymic disorder. B. It is found more often with co-occurring substance abuse than other types of affective disorders. C. It is a depressive syndrome that may occur as a single episode or as repeated episodes over the years. D. The episodes of major depression last for a maximum period of two weeks. E. Individuals suffering from major depression hardly exhibit any difficulty in doing basic tasks.
C
According to this chapter, what is one of the common themes found with clients who are diagnosed with both bipolar disorder and substance abuse? A. Careful attention to detail and cleanliness B. Medication compliance C. Patients labeling their substance abuse as "self-medication" D. Sense of optimism E. Predominance of hopefulness
C & E
13. Which of the following types of statements is exemplified when an individual says, "You are an awful mother to me. All you ever wanted to do was drink wine with your friends. I could never invite my friends over because they would be too embarrassed to look at you drunk all the time."? A. Behavior-specific statement B. Diversionary statement C. Alcoholic/addict distracting statement D. Generalized and blaming statement E. Gender-specific statement
D
2. In the context of converting programs, _____ tactics are those where teachers emphasize the dangers of drug use to young people. A. directing B. preaching C. convincing D. scaring E. persuasion
D
3. According to this chapter, which of the following is NOT a Rational Recovery concept? A. People are responsible for their addictive behaviors. B. Alcoholism may or may not be a disease. C. People can gain control over their addictive behaviors. D. Lifetime membership is required for complete recovery. E. Labeling is discouraged.
D
According to the chapter, which of the following is a program that emphasizes dealing with authority figures, resisting peer pressure, improving behavior in school, getting along better with family members, and developing empathy? A. The social stress program B. The resiliency program C. The tertiary prevention program D. The interpersonal problem-solving program E. The challenge program
D
According to this chapter, co-occurring or dual disorders mean that an individual: A. uses both marijuana and alcohol. B. has developed skills in treating both his addictive disease and medical issues. C. uses both designer drugs along with organic marijuana. D. has both a psychiatric diagnosis and a chemical dependency diagnosis. E. has both a cartilage disorder and an eating disorder.
D
During the preintervention stage, which of the following is true of the group members? A. They make generalized and blaming statements. B. They are disbanded. C. They let an interventionist decide all aspects of an intervention program. D. They determine the time and place of intervention. E. They discard any bottom-line script.
D
Identify the first stage of alcohol/drug recovery. A. Resolution B. Adjustment C. Honeymoon D. Withdrawal E. The Wall
D
In the context of the developmental assets model, identify the asset category to which the assets integrity, honesty, and restraint belong. A. Empowerment B. Boundaries and expectations C. Support D. Positive values E. Personal identity
D
In the context of the developmental assets model, identify the asset category to which the assets self-esteem and sense of purpose belong. A. Positive values B. Support C. Social competencies D. Positive identity E. Boundaries and expectations
D
Intervention services began as a strategy to avoid waiting until the alcoholic/addict "hit bottom." Who is credited with coming up with this strategy? A. Hazelden B. Lois Wilson C. Salvador Minuchin D. Vernon Johnson E. None of these
D
The Wolins' work on resiliency has determined that some children of alcoholics grow up free of drinking because they: A. have parents who are careful to hide their drug and alcohol use. B. have grandparents to help them when parents cannot. C. predominantly work on their weaknesses rather than their strengths. D. establish healthy "rituals" in their own family. E. blame parents for everything and accept none of the responsibility.
D
The tone of a successful intervention is _____. A. digressive B. accusatory C. authoritative D. non-judgmental E. ambivalent
D
Which of the following do prevention programs based on empowerment generally target? A. At-risk youth B. Females C. Minorities D. General school populations E. None of these
D
Which of the following has the strongest relationship with substance abuse? A. Passive-aggressive personality disorder B. Schizotypal personality disorder C. Paranoid personality disorder D. Antisocial personality disorder E. Histrionic personality disorder
D
Which of the following is NOT considered a mood or an affective disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)? A. Dysthymia disorder B. Cyclothymic disorder C. Major depression D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder E. Bipolar disorder
D
Which of the following is the best way to handle emotions while dealing with someone who has an alcohol problem? A. Ask why the person is using alcohol/drugs. B. Use sarcasm and ridicule the person to shame him into wanting to quit. C. Threaten to make ultimatums such as "I am moving out tomorrow if you don't get help." D. Try to be calm, balanced, and caring. E. Isolate from others so they don't know the extent of the person's problem.
D
Which of the following suggestions, as listed under "Dos and Don'ts" (Table 9.1) in this chapter, are to be followed in dealing with someone who has an alcohol/drug problem? A. Isolate from others and hide the family alcohol/drug problem. B. Get advice from people who may have an alcohol/drug problem themselves or individuals who deny a problem. C. Threaten to make ultimatums such as "I am moving out tomorrow if you don't get help." D. Attend Al-Anon, Codependency Anonymous, or other self-help meetings. E. Attempt to provide counseling for the alcoholic/addict yourself.
D
12. During the assessment stage, an interventionist asks family members to explain or clarify all EXCEPT the: A. history of negative consequences of use. B. medical conditions that affect alcohol/drug use. C. patterns of use—binges, periods of nonuse, and cycle of use. D. difficulties with the criminal-justice system. E. role religion plays in the family.
E
17. Which of the following mechanisms of intervention is used at the stage 4 of the alcohol/drug use continuum? A. Educating about alcohol/drug prevention and family systems B. Providing information about chemical dependency and addiction C. Focusing on communication and exploration of values, attitudes, and feelings about alcohol/drugs D. Teaching and modeling skills in decision making, conflict resolution, goal setting, and so on E. Pointing out an individual's denial of his alcohol/drug problem
E
According to Daniel Goleman, which of the following is a key element of emotional intelligence? A. Ability to empathize B. Ability to regulate one's mood C. Ability to control impulses D. Ability to motivate oneself E. All of these
E
According to this chapter, a factor that escalates the potential for suicide is an affective disorder accompanied with _____. A. panic B. rage C. paranoia D. conflict E. shame
E
As outlined in this chapter, what are some common reasons individuals give for not attending Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)? A. Difficulty with the concept of a higher power B. Being uncomfortable in a group of people C. Being concerned about confidentiality D. Having lack of tolerance to those who are on medications E. All of these
E
One of the drugs that have emerged in the last few years to help reduce cravings in opioid addicts is _____. A. trazadone B. anatabuse C. disulfaram D. xanax E. suboxone
E
What differentiates various types of affective (feeling) disorders? A. Severity B. Frequency C. Precipitating factors D. Duration E. All of these
E
Which of the following abilities allows an individual to feel empowered? A. The ability to be aware of what one feels and communicating those feelings to others B. The ability to establish the core aspects of a sense of self C. The ability to establish integrity in relationships D. The ability to say no when that is what one feels and wants E. All of these
E
Which of the following assumes that an individual has never tried drugs or alcohol and enforces a no-use norm by building positive self-esteem? A. Intermediate prevention B. Secondary prevention C. Extensive prevention D. Tertiary prevention E. Primary prevention
E
Which of the following did successful prevention approaches in the 1980's include? A. Drug-specific information B. Pharmacological education C. Coping skills D. Converting approaches E. All of these
E
Which of the following factors that make at-risk youth more vulnerable and predictive of later substance abuse have been identified by prevention programs that are aimed at the youth? A. Family imbalance B. Rejection of help because of fear and lack of trust C. Parental dysfunction D. Antisocial behaviors and aggressiveness E. All of these
E
Which of the following is an advantage of the Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) approach as outlined in this chapter? A. Provision of a regular support group B. Absence of membership fees and non-discrimination C. Mutual sharing by members D. Frequent and regular meetings E. All of these
E
Which of the following is an early prevention approach that didn't work? A. Converting programs B. Scare tactics C. Directing tactics D. Preaching tactics E. All of these
E
Which of the following is part of an effective motivational strategy? A. Giving advice and removing barriers B. Decreasing desirability C. Clarifying goals and providing feedback D. Practicing empathy E. All of these
E
Which of the following mechanisms of intervention is used at stages 5 and 6 of the alcohol/drug use continuum? A. Intensive outpatient counseling for chemical dependency & family issues B. Formal alcohol/drug intervention C. Inpatient/residential treatment for chemical dependency D. Alcohol/drug assessment E. All of these
E
Which of the following regressive behaviors did Nace identify in describing alcohol/drugs as providing immediate gratification? A. Self-centeredness B. Affect intolerance C. Passivity D. Impulsivity E. All of these
E
Which of the following traits do individuals with borderline personality disorder most likely have? A. They want closeness but fear dependency. B. They engage in self destructive acts. C. They demonstrate a marked instability of mood. D. They often form intense interpersonal attractions. E. They exhibit all of these traits.
E
An example of a central nervous system depressant is _____. A. alcohol B. cocaine C. nicotine D. caffeine E. amphetamines
a
Sigmund Freud recommended cocaine for the treatment of _____. A. nervous anxiety B. arthritis C. cancer D. bipolar disorder E. schizophrenia
a
When an adult child learns to avoid shame-based messages and does not get emotionally hooked by displaying anger, rage, or lack of emotional control, it is referred to as: A. improved interpersonal communication. B. second-order change. C. learning to "walk the walk." D. emotional detachment. E. individuation.
a
Which of the following is true of freebase cocaine? A. It is cocaine without its hydrochloride component. B. It is primarily composed of cocaine hydrochloride. C. It is a non-smokable form of cocaine. D. Its high lasts for about five to six minutes. E. None of these are correct.
a
_____ refers to an individual's state of mind at the time of drug use. A. Set B. Control C. Compulsion D. Absorption E. Setting
a
Effective motivational strategies include all BUT: A. giving advice. B. instilling a political conscience. C. removing barriers. D. providing choice. E. decreasing desirability.
b
Identify a true statement about alcohol. A. It is the least used psychoactive drug. B. It is a toxic drug with irritating as well as sedative properties. C. It is an extremely powerful central nervous stimulant. D. It is prescribed for the treatment of asthma, premenstrual tension, and tetanus. E. It is a liquefied form of phencyclidine.
b
Identify a true statement about psychoactive drugs. A. They hardly affect brain functions. B. They affect mood and behavior. C. They exclude painkillers and designer drugs. D. They are primarily in the form of vitamins and antibiotics. E. All of these are correct.
b
Identify a true statement about tobacco. A. Tobacco is the least abused drug. B. The use of tobacco is the single leading cause of preventable death in the United States. C. The number of deaths resulting from tobacco use is far lower than those related to alcohol or other drugs. D. The use of tobacco by the general public has seen a rapid increase in recent years. E. Tobacco is the most powerful central nervous system depressant.
b
Natural opioids include: A. heroin, marijuana, and demerol. B. morphine, codeine, and opium. C. heroin, opium, and cocaine. D. morphine, naltrexone, and heroin. E. barbiturates, methaqualone, and tranquilizers.
b
4. When an individual requires increasingly larger doses of a drug to achieve the desired optimal effect, it is known as _____. A. withdrawal B. psychological dependence C. tolerance D. physical dependence E. synergism
c
Changing old, imbalanced patterns is possible only if individuals: A. have established a good work-out routine. B. have signed up for therapeutic yoga. C. feel they have choices. D. have been referred to a psychiatrist for medications. E. understand that shame is an exterior process.
c
In the alcohol/drug recovery field, the term "hitting bottom" refers to: A. abusing crude versions of drugs such as rubbing alcohol. B. committing illegal activities in order to acquire drugs. C. reaching the point where individuals decide to do something about their drug/alcohol use. D. being admitted in a psychiatric institution. E. living on skid row in the gutter.
c
Methamphetamine users have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT: A. sudden and violent behavior. B. compulsive cleaning and grooming. C. chronic overeating. D. paranoia. E. profound depression.
c
Symptoms of barbiturate withdrawal include: A. physical weakness. B. need for excessive sleep. C. increased alertness. D. chronic muscle pain. E. all of these.
c
The earliest known historical reference to marijuana use was: A. in 1765 by George Washington at Mt. Vernon. B. by the Scythians in the 2nd Century B.C., who used it in funeral rites. C. by Emperor Shen Nung in China in 2737 B.C. D. by Sir Walter Raleigh in 1611, who was ordered to grow hemp by the British. E. in the archeology site in Katmandu that was excavated in 1965.
c
The single most significant change in recent drug history is the legalization of _____ for its medical usage. A. ecstasy B. LSD C. marijuana D. oxycontin E. nicomorphine
c
Which of the following is one of the reasons proposed for cocaine being among the most addictive of drugs today? A. Consumption of cocaine aids in the cure of cardiovascular disease among the elderly. B. Research suggests that cocaine is not physically addictive. C. The intense high generated by the drug contributes to the binge patterns of cocaine use. D. Users believe that freebase cocaine is the only drug that blocks dopamine neurotransmitters from reuptake. E. None of these are correct.
c
According to the text, which of the following elements does the concept of quantum change exclude? A. Involves conflict B. Surprising C. Enduring D. Having power E. Vivid
d
Common defense components of resistance to change include all of the following EXCEPT _____. A. denial B. minimization C. projection D. counselling E. rationalization
d
Identify a true statement about MDMA (Ecstasy). A. It is often prescribed for cancer patients with chronic, long-lasting pain. B. It decreases empathy for others. C. It decreases self-esteem. D. It is most frequently taken orally. E. It produces severe delusions.
d
The combined effect of two or more drugs that is greater than the effect of each agent added together is: A. antagonism. B. cross tolerance. C. potency. D. synergism. E. tolerance.
d
Who developed a form of intervention known as motivational interviewing? A. Robert Ackerman B. Irving Yalom and Marilyn Mason C. Janet C'de Baca and Pema Chodron D. William Miller and Stephen Rollnick E. Tim Cermak
d
_____ is defined as feeling two ways about something, being in conflict between the pros and cons of the status quo (or the pros and cons of changing). A. Triangulation B. Individuation C. Overattachment D. Ambivalence E. Action
d
Miller and Rollnick described _____ as a state of readiness or eagerness to change. A. confidence B. confrontation C. interaction D. cognition E. motivation
e
Which of the following characteristics accurately describes Dr. David Smith's definition of addiction? A. Loss of control B. Continued use despite adverse consequences C. Compulsion and obsession D. The 3 "C"s E. All of these
e
Which of the following is a style of procrastination? A. The Crisis-Maker Procrastinator B. The Overdoer Procrastinator C. The Defier Procrastinator D. The Worrier Procrastinator E. All of these
e
Which of the following drugs became a rage in the 80s and was initially thought to produce only psychological dependence? A. Marijuana B. PCP C. Heroin D. Cocaine E. None of these
e. the answer is synthetic drugs
