ADJ 100 Chapter 6

In which of the following cases did the U.S Supreme Court establish that criminal defendants must be read their rights?

Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

What U.S Supreme Court case ruled that deadly force may not be used against an unarmed and fleeing suspect unless necessary to prevent their escape and unless the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of serious energy.

Tennessee v. Garner (1985)

Which of the following must police officers seeking a warrant present to a judge?

Affidavit

A written statement of fact, supported by oath or affirmation and submitted to judicial officers to fulfill the requirements of probable cause for obtaining a warrant, is the definition.

An Affidavit

Which of the following situations best describes the good faith exception to the exclusionary rule?

An officer believes he is acting correctly under the rules of evidence, but is actually incorrect.

Warrant-less searches routinely take place at all of the following places EXCEPT:

Apartments

In the case of U.S v. Drayton (2002), the U.S Supreme Court ruled that police officers:

Are not obligated to notify citizens they have a right to say "no" to a search

A significant deprivation of liberty, involving taking a person into custody, transporting them to a police station or jail, and processing them into the criminal justice system, is called a(n):

Arrest

In this court case, the Supreme Court endorsed warrant-less searches for weapons and evidence in the immediate vicinity of people who are lawfully arrested.

Chimel v. California

This type of search allows officers to conduct a permissible warrant less search of a person, vehicle, home, or location after receiving permission from the person in question.

Consent

In which of the following situations must Miranda warnings be given?

Custodial Interrogations

Which two decisions by the Court laid the foundation for Miranda v. Arizona (1966)?

Escobedo v. Illinois (1964) and Massiah v. U.S (1964)

According to this rule, a suspect who, during a frisk, which is not justified by proper observation and reasonable suspicion, is found to be carrying drugs or weapons can seek to have the evidence excluded.

Exclusionary Rule

In which case did the Supreme Court decide that drug-sniffing dogs cannot be brought to the front door of a home to seek evidence that will be used to get a search warrant.

Florida v. Jardines (2013)

Evidence that would have been discovered even without improper actions by the police can be admissible under the:

Inevitable Discovery Rule

This case ruled that police can systematically stop drivers in order to seek information.

Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz

Which court case created the inevitable discovery discovery exception to the exclusionary rules?

Nix v. Williams (1984)

Permits police to immediately question a suspect in custody without providing any warnings, when public safety would be jeopardized by taking the time to supply the warnings is known as the individual's rights. It is an instance of the:

Public Safety Exception

The term "reasonable expectation of privacy" is the most relevant to which of the following police activities?

Search

A brief interference with a person's freedom of movement with a duration that can be measures in minutes is called a(n):

Stop

A "pat down" search is also known as a:

Stop-and-risk search

In which case did the Supreme Court endorse a police officer's authority to stop-and-frisk suspects on the streets when there is reasonable suspicion that they are armed and involved in criminal activity.

Terry v. Ohio (1968)

In United States v. Jones (2012) the Supreme Court decided:

That placing a GPS tracking device on a drug suspect's car without a warrant is a search that falls under the rules of the Fourth Amendment.

Illinois v. Gates (1983) is the U.S Supreme Court decision that established that:

The flexible totality of circumstances test for determining the existence of the probable cause needed for obtaining a search warrant.

In what circumstances is the totality of circumstances used?

To determine whether probable cause exists

The majority of searches take place without a:

Warrant