ADN 111B Pharmacology

allopurinol

The nurse may be asked to administer which medications to a client to counteract the increase in uric acid and subsequent hyperuricemia resulting from the metabolic waste buildup from rapid tumor lysis?

Inform the client that these are likely adverse effects of drug therapy

A 39-year-old client has begun taking tamoxifen to reduce the risk of contralateral breast cancer. The client is now reporting hot flashes and dysmenorrhea. What is the nurse's best action?

dyspnea

A 63-year-old male patient has just begun treatment with IV paclitaxel. About 10 minutes into the infusion, the nurse becomes concerned about a possible anaphylactic reaction to the drug because the patient is experiencing:

Cyclophosphamide

A client has been diagnosed with leukemia. Which alkylating agent is the only one that can be used for both acute and chronic leukemia?

The reddish urine is an expected response to the drug

A client received an injection of doxorubicin and is now observing a reddish urine. The client reports blood in the urine to the nurse. How should the nurse respond?

Kepivance is used to protect the normal cells in your body from the chemotherapy

A client who is being treated with an antineoplastic medication for cancer is prescribed Kepivance. The client is refusing this medication, stating that "all these drugs are making everything worse," including the inside of her mouth. What would be an appropriate response from the nurse?

Ensure that all staff and visitors adhere to infection control precautions

A client with leukemia is being treated with a combination of antineoplastics, including methotrexate. The client's most recent laboratory results indicate the client is experiencing bone marrow suppression. What is the nurse's priority action?

Hodgkin lymphoma

A client's chemotherapeutic regimen includes procarbazine. What is the client's most likely diagnosis?

Use reliable forms of barrier contraception

A female client is prescribed methotrexate for meningeal leukemia. What health education should the nurse prioritize?

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

A nurse has completed a medication reconciliation of a patient who has been admitted following a motor vehicle accident. Among the many drugs that the patient has received in the previous year is rituximab. The nurse would be justified in suspecting the patient may have received treatment for which of the following diseases?

Provide mouth care with normal saline every 4 hours

A nurse is caring for a client who has received chemotherapy treatment. The client has developed inflammation of the oral mucous membrane, which is affecting the nutritional aspects of care. What suggestions should the nurse provide to the client for relief?

Bloody urine

A nurse is caring for a patient being treated with antineoplastic drugs. The patient is at risk for thrombocytopenia due to bone marrow suppression. What should the nurse monitor for in this patient?

thoroughly rinse the mouth often, especially before and after meals

A nurse is providing education to a client who is preparing to begin chemotherapy for the treatment of cancer. What action should the nurse encourage the client to implement to minimize the effects of chemotherapy-triggered mucositis?

Your hair will grow back, but the new hair may be a different color or texture.

A patient having chemotherapy is losing her hair. She asks the nurse if her hair will come back as it originally was. What is the best response by the nurse?

Intravenous

A patient is receiving carboplatin. The nurse would expect to administer this drug by which route?

Suggest the use of a wig or cap

A patient is to start with chemotherapy. The patient is worried about going bald in the course of the treatment. How can the nurse assist the patient in being comfortable with his or her body image?

The patient's bone marrow function is significantly depressed

A patient with a recent diagnosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is discussing treatment options with his care team. What aspect of the patient's condition would contraindicate the use of cyclophosphamide for the treatment of leukemia?

Inspect the site frequently for redness or swelling

How can a nurse best prevent tissue damage caused by an antineoplastic extravasation?

The cell increases in size and synthesis of RNA

The cell cycle consists of 5 phases. Each cell goes through these phases. How would cell phase G1 be defined?

Stop the infusion

The client receiving a first infusion of paclitaxel reports chills and dyspnea. The oncology nurse assesses the client and observes facial flushing, wheezing, and extreme anxiety. What is the priority intervention by the nurse?

techniques for safely handling the drug

The community health nurse is planning care for a client who will be prescribed an oral chemotherapy drug for the next several months while recovering at home. What health education topic should the nurse emphasize?

Stop the infusion and inform the health care provider immediately

The nurse is administering a client's chemotherapeutic drug through a peripheral IV site, and the nurse observes that extravasation has occurred. What is the nurse's best action?

Your tumor originated from a single cell that is genetically different from nearby cells

The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with a primary brain tumor. The client asks the nurse where the tumor came from. What would be the nurse's best response?

Validate the client's sense of impending loss and offer guidance for getting a wig.

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a combination of antineoplastic agents. The client has been told that alopecia is likely to occur, and the client is tearful and distraught about this. What is the nurse's best response?

Time is needed to replace many of the healthy body cells killed by chemotherapy.

The nurse is describing the necessity of recovery periods between treatment cycles to a client receiving chemotherapy. How should the nurse best explain the need?

They may affect cancer cells while leaving normal body cells unaffected.

What potential benefit is unique to biologic agent therapies?

Methotrexate

Which agent would the nurse expect to be administered orally?

vinblastine

Which is an example of an antineoplastic drug that interferes with amino acid production in the S phase and the formation of microtubules in the M phase?

Mitomycin

Which would the nurse identify as an antineoplastic antibiotic?

Palliative therapy

A client with a pancreatic tumor will be starting on chemotherapy to decrease the size of the tumor, give the client a better quality of life, and reduce discomfort. What is this form of therapy called?

drink a lot of water

A female patient is taking oral cyclophosphamide therapy for breast cancer. Because of possible adverse effects of the drug, the nurse will instruct the patient to:

Hormonal therapies

A male client is diagnosed with prostate cancer. The treatment modality of choice includes both surgery and chemotherapy. What does the chemotherapeutic option include?