Adolescence Chapters 10: Intimacy

The text states all of the following to explain why the development of intimacy is especially important in adolescence, except:

*truly intimate relationships do not emerge until adolescence*

Justin, a 16-year-old, has a substance-abuse problem. To whom is he most likely to turn for help?

his friends

According to Erikson, the major crisis of early adulthood is:

intimacy vs. isolation

Research assessing the link between infant attachment and the quality of interpersonal relationships in adolescence and young adulthood finds:

*a consistent link between infant attachment and healthy adolescent relationships*

Mel reports that his strongest attachment is to his best friend. It is likely that Mel has which type of attachment with his parents?

*ambivalent*

Adolescents behave in a variety of ways within dating relationships that are shaped by _____________ for how one is expected to behave.

*cultural norms*

Girls are more likely than boys to express intimacy with their friends by doing all of the following, except:

*expressing empathy when comforting their friends*

Which of the following statements concerning sexual-minority youth is false?

*for sexual-minority youth, development of close, nonsexual friendships with same-sex peers may be hampered by their peers' homophobia*

Eddie and Zippy are learning about themselves as romantic and sexual partners and are aware of, but not particularly concerned with, how their friends see their relationship. They are in which phase of dating?

*infatuation*

According to Erikson, the major crisis of adolescence is _____ and the major crisis of young adulthood is _____.

*intimacy vs. isolation; identity vs. identity diffusion*

Which of the following adolescents is most likely to turn to friends for help with a substance abuse problem?

Carla, a European-American female

During infancy, Julia formed a secure attachment with her parents. This attachment has formed the basis for all her future approaches to interpersonal relationships. According to attachment theorists, Julia is employing:

an internal working model

Rejection sensitivity is a term that psychologists use to describe:

an oversensitivity to romantic rejection in adulthood that is related to an insecure attachment in infancy and early childhood

The close, significant emotional bond between parent and infant is called:

attachment

Which of the following is not one of Kobak's attachment classifications of adolescents?

avoidant

During Mischa's AAI, he appears uninfluenced by his childhood experiences. For example, even though his mother wasn't around much during his childhood, instead of being upset, Mischa replies, "No big deal, I didn't need her anyway." Based on Kobak's classifications, Mischa would be categorized as:

dismissing

Self-disclosure and loyalty become important dimensions of friendship in:

early adolescence

Jessica's parents are verbally abusive to one another and are constantly fighting. When Jessica interacts with her boyfriend, she will be likely to:

fight with him when they have an argument

Sullivan believed a precondition to forming close relationships as an adolescent is:

forming intimate friendships during preadolescence

During preadolescence, _____ is the single most important determinant of friendship.

gender

The likelihood that an individual will turn to a peer during a time of trouble _____ in adolescence and the likelihood of turning to a parent _____.

increases; remains stable

Allison says that Susan is her friend because she can tell Susan secrets and Susan won't tell anyone else. Allison's definition of friendship is based on:

intimacy and trust

Carol, an eighth grader, is facing a big dilemma and she needs advice. To whom is Carol likely to turn for this support?

it depends on the specific issue at hand

Which of the following statements is not true of homophobia?

it is stronger among adolescent females than males

Which of the following friendship qualities would be most important to 14-year-old Sarah?

loyalty

Ron will be going to a new school in the fall. What would be most effective in making this transition less stressful?

providing Ron with social support and encouragement from parents and classmates

Dating among adolescents today is largely a:

recreational activity

Being securely attached in adolescence is associated with all of the following outcomes, except:

rejection sensitivity in adulthood

Based on Sullivan's theory of interpersonal development, intimacy is first expressed in:

same-sex relationships

Fourteen-year-old Fatimah is most likely to be upset with her best friend if the friend:

spends more time with a new friend she has made

A limitation in children's ability to ____ inhibits their ability to have intimate interpersonal relationships.

take another person's perspective

According to Erikson, in a truly intimate relationship:

two individuals fuse their identities in a way that neither person's identity is lost.

Research studying the relation between identity and intimacy has provided support for the idea that:

*identity must develop first*

Sullivan emphasized the social aspects of growth, suggesting that psychological development can be best understood when looked at in:

*identity terms*

Casey and Erin are 16 years old. They have been in a romantic relationship for 5 months. They constantly profess their love for one another and say that they want to stay together forever, but when they think about post-high school plans, they have trouble making plans that include the other. According to Erikson, this is called:

*intimacy versus isolation*

Sullivan's theoretical view may be more applicable to _____ and Erikson's theoretical view may be more applicable to:

*late adolescence; early adolescence*

Studies that compare adolescents' working models of their relationships:

*show that emotional attachments in adolescence were influenced by attachments formed in infancy*

Sullivan believed that important interpersonal transitions are more likely to be negotiated successfully if:

*they have a solid basis in social cognition*

Which of the following explanations of friendship would probably be associated with the oldest child?

"He will stick up for me when a bully picks on me."

Which theorist adopted the most biological view of development?

*Erikson*

Which of the following statements about adolescents' level of interaction with parents is true?

*Sons interact more with fathers and daughters interact more with mothers*

According to Sullivan, the need for intimacy develops during:

*early adolescence*

Delaying serious involvement in dating relationships until age _____ appears to be the most favorable pattern for healthy psychosocial development.

15

An adolescent may have an intimate relationship with:

All of the above

Which of the following statements about dating violence is false?

Dating violence is more common among heterosexual youth than among sexual-minority adolescents

"Identity is a necessary precursor to intimacy. True engagement with others is the result and the test of firm self-delineation." Which of the following theorists is most likely to agree with this statement?

Erikson

What statement about intimacy is false?

Intimacy is an important concern only in adolescence.

Jesse is a physically immature 14-year-old who goes to school where it is expected that 14-year-olds date. Hillary is a physically mature 14-year-old who goes to school where it is expected that students delay dating until age 16. Which adolescent is more likely to date?

Jesse

Which adolescent is least likely to date in high school?

Keiko, an Asian American

Which child is probably experiencing for the first time the need to be intimate with a friend of the same age?

Randy, who is 11

Which adolescent would be predicted to have the closest relationship with a maternal grandfather?

a boy living with his divorced mother

Dr. Diamond conducts an interview with a patient in order to assess the history of the patient's attachment relationships. What method would Dr. Diamond use?

the Adult Attachment Interview

The most common trigger of the first episode of major depression is:

the breakup of a romantic relationship

In Sullivan's view, the shift in the "targets" of intimacy during early adolescence from same-sex to opposite-sex relationships is primarily motivated by:

the emergence of sexuality and a biologically based sex drive

Who is most likely to be less socially mature, less imaginative, less achievement-oriented, and more superficial, and is more likely than same-sex peers to exhibit problem behaviors?

Amber, who started dating seriously at age 14

With which of the following statements would Erikson agree?

An adolescent must establish a sense of identity before he or she is capable of real intimacy

Who is Nicole more likely to have an intimate relationship with: her "favorite" sister Chrissy or her best friend Renée?

Nicole will have the same level of intimacy with Chrissy and Renée

In contrast to Sullivan's claims about adolescent friendships, more current research has found:

as the number of cross-sex peers increases, the number of same-sex peers either stays the same or increases

For middle adolescents, the least important aspect of dating is:

developing intamacy

Sullivan believed the crisis of adolescence is _____. Erikson believed it is _____.

intimacy; identity