Adult first aid/ Cpr notes
fracture
a crack or break in the bone
respiratory arrest
a person will stop breathing
ABC'S
airways-look for chest rising; breathing-neck pulse; circulation; severe bleeding- look for blood
implied consent
assuming the victim would grant permission to give first aid if he or she was capable
vein
blood vessel that carries blood to the heart
rigid splint
boards, wood, sticks
second step in an emergency situation
call- location, phone #, what happened, # and condition of victims involved, get aed, what help is being given
third step in an emergency situation
care-life threatening injuries first, less severe-help them stay calm and relaxed
traumatic shock
caused by sudden injury
first step in an emergency situation
check the scene to make sure it is safe for you first
sternum
correct place to do chest compressions
control bleeding
cover with a dressing and press firmly for direct pressure; if bleeding doesn't stop add additional dressings over top
4 links in cardiac chain of survival
early recognition&access, early CPR, early AED, early advanced life support
choking
emergency in which the airway is blocked
hemorrhage
escape of blood from capillaries, veins, and arteries
10%
every minute being wasted when a victim has a heart attack takes ___of a victim's life
cardiac arrest
heart stops bleeding and blood flow stops
one second
how long each rescue breath should be
finger scoop
if you find an object in an unconcious person's mouth, you do this.
arteries
large blood bessels that carry blood away from the heart
good samaritan laws
laws to protect someone for being found financially responsible for the victim's injury
heart attack
nausea, shortness of breath, general ill feeling, chest discomfort or pain (may spread to other areas), sweating
reasons for CPR
no signs of life, no AED, unconcious
actual consent
oral or written permission from a mentally competent adult to give first aid
sprain
pulled muscle
100 per minute
rate of compressions
RICE
rest, immobilize, cold, elevation
soft splint
sheets, blanket, towel
strain
tearing/streaching of muscles or tendans
internal bleeding
tender,swollen, bruised, or hard areas of the body, confused, faint, drowsy, or unconscious, cool, moist, vomiting or coughing up blood, excessive thirst
continue CPR until
they show signs of life; scene is unsafe, AED available, too exhausted, someone else takes over
anamotical splint
uses an uninjured part to splint an injured part
capillaries
very small blood vessels tha cary blood dto all parts of the body
universal distress signal
warning that a person is having difficulty breathing (choking)
three universal precautions
wear gloves when in contact with blood, wash your hands to prevent pathogens from entering the body, use a face mask when performing first aid or breathing emergencies
complete
when a victim can no longer speak, cough, breath
partial
when a victim can partially move air to and from the lungs, cough, & speak
clinical death
when breathing and circulation have stopped and you have 4-6 minutes of stored oxygen before your cells begin to die
biological death
when breathing and circulation have stopped for 10 minutes, and brain activity stops
shock
when circulatory system fails to deliver blood to all parts of the body
gastric distention
when you give a rescue breath and the air passes the lungs and goes to the stomach