Adult Health 2 Exam 3

Formula solutions, with dextrose concentrations of more than _____%, should not be administered through peripheral veins because they irritate the intima of these small veins, causing chemical phlebitis.

10%

A gastric residual volume of __________ mL or greater is generally considered a cause for concern in patients at high risk for aspiration.

200

A nasally placed feeding tube should stay in place for no more than ______ weeks before being replaced with a new tube.

4

Traditionally, the term morbid obesity applies to adults whose body mass index (BMI) exceeds _______ kg/m2.

40

The Billroth II gastrectomy procedure is a resection that involves removing approximately _______ percent of the stomach, thus decreasing the possibility of lymph node spread or metastatic recurrence.

75

The etiology of cancer of the colon and rectum is predominantly (90%) _____________________, a malignancy arising from the epithelial lining of the intestine.

Adenocarcinoma

The most common, primary malignant tumor of the small intestine is ______.

Adenocarcinoma

Currently, the most commonly used therapy for peptic ulcers is a combination of ____________, proton pump inhibitors, and bismuth salts that suppresses or eradicates H. pylori.

Antibiotics

________________, the most common cause of acute surgical abdomen in the United States, is the most common reason for emergency abdominal surgery.

Appendicitis

When administering continuous or cyclic tube feedings, a primary nursing responsibility is preventing ____________ pneumonia.

Aspiration

Intrinsic factor, which is secreted by the gastric mucosa, cannot be absorbed without the presence of vitamin ________.

B12

In Crohn's disease, the clusters of ulcerations on the intestinal mucosa have a ______________ appearance.

Cobblestone

When a concentrated feeding formula with a high osmolality (normal = 300mOsm/kg) enters the intestines quickly or in large amounts, water moves rapidly into the intestinal lumen causing symptoms referred to as the ____________ syndrome.

Dumping

_____________, an abdominal discomfort associated with eating, is the most common symptom of patients with gastrointestinal dysfunction.

Dyspepsia

_____________, the most common symptom of esophageal disease, may vary from an uncomfortable feeling in the upper esophagus to acute pain on swallowing.

Dysphagia

Bolus feeding is the preferred method for administering nasoenteral tube feedings.

False

Dental sealants prevent 60% of tooth decay in treated teeth.

False

Diverticula may occur anywhere in the small intestine or colon, but most commonly occur in the ascending colon.

False

Erosive gastritis, both acute and chronic, is most often caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacteria.

False

In a radical neck dissection, the tumor and surrounding musculature are removed but the cervical lymph nodes are left intact.

False

Patients with the dumping syndrome, after gastric surgery, should consume at least 16 ounces of fluid with each meal.

False

The most commonly used single lumen nasogastric tube is the gastric (Salem) sump.

False

The patient with a hiatal hernia should be instructed to lie down for at least 1 hour after eating.

False

The patient with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) should select foods low in fiber in order to minimize intestinal irritation.

False

When administering oral medications to a patient receiving tube feedings, medications may be crushed and mixed with the feeding formula.

False

Greater than six bowel sounds in less than 30 seconds is considered a standard used to document bowel sounds that are ________________.

Hyperactive

People with blood type _______ are more susceptible to peptic ulcers than are those with other blood types.

O

The most frequent symptom of oral cancer is a ___________ sore or mass that bleeds easily and does not heal.

Painless

Digestive enzymes secreted by the pancreas include trypsin (aids protein digestion), amylase (aids starch digestion), and __________ which aids fat digestion.

Pancreatic lipase

Elderly, acutely ill, or debilitated people with decreased salivary gland secretion from general dehydration or medications are at high risk for _____________, which is characterized by swelling.

Parotitis

The immediate response of the intestinal tract to _______________ is hypermotility, soon followed by paralytic ileus with an accumulation of air and fluid in the bowel.

Peritonitis

A gastric analysis result that indicates no acid secretion under basal conditions or after stimulation would be consistent with a patient diagnosed with _______________ anemia.

Pernicious

In the immediate postoperative period following a neck dissection the nurse must assess for ____________, which can be heard over the trachea with a stethoscope.

Stridor

A patient scheduled for a Hemoccult II study should be instructed to avoid red meat for 72 hours prior to the test

True

After bariatric surgery, the average patient loses between 25% and 35% of presurgical body weight within the first 18 to 24 months postprocedure.

True

After bowel sounds have returned and oral intake is resumed following bariatric surgery, six small feedings consisting of a total of 600 to 800 calories per day should be consumed.

True

Chyme, which is partially digested food mixed with gastric secretions, can stay in the small intestine for up to 24 hours allowing for continued breakdown and absorption of nutrients.

True

Decompression of the bowel through a nasogastric tube is necessary for all patients with small bowel obstruction.

True

Decreased gastric motility and decreased intestinal transit time are age-related changes that occur in the gastrointestinal tract.

True

Diarrhea is defined as the increased frequency of more than three bowel movements per day.

True

Most peptic ulcers result from infection with the gram-negative bacteria H. pylori, which may be acquired through ingestion of food and water.

True

Preparation of a patient for a barium enema study may begin 48 hours prior to the test.

True

Ptyalin, an enzyme secreted by the salivary glands, has a direct effect on the digestion of proteins and fatty acids.

True

Stomatitis is a frequently occurring side effect of chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

True

The patient with an ileostomy with a Koch pouch will not need to use an external fecal collection bag.

True

Visualizing the placement of a nasogastric or nasoenteric tube on x-ray is the only definitive way to verify its location.

True

When parenteral nutrition is used to provide nutrients, a solution should be at least 1,000 to 3,000mL of formula.

True

Straining at stool initiates the ____________ maneuver that results in a potentially dangerous increase in BP.

Valsalva