Advanced Quiz Week 5

When the frequency of a time-filling behavior increases as a side effect of other behaviors maintained by a schedule for reinforcement (also known as schedule-induced behavior), this is described as

Adjunctive behaviors

With variable reinforcement, a number representing the __________ number of responses required for reinforcement is determined.

Average

Which is true? a.A post-reinforcement pause is typically associated with a variable ratio schedule of reinforcement.b.A variable interval schedule of reinforcement tends to produce a constant, stable rate of response.c.Ineffective methods for thinning schedules of reinforcement are: gradually increasing the response ratio or the duration of the time interval.d.Ratio strain can result from abrupt decreases in ratio requirements when moving from denser to thinner reinforcement schedules.

B

Which of the following is are conditioned reinforcers? a.Food.b.Money and tokens.c.Sleep.d.All of the above are conditioned reinforcers.

B

T/F Behavioral consistency is a phenomenon in which the change in one component of a multiple schedule that increases or decreases the rate of responding on that component is accompanied by a change in the response rate in the opposite direction on the other, unaltered component of the schedule.

False

T/F CRF should only be utilized during initial acquisition of a skill for a learner.

False

T/F Immediately after a person has a large amount of a reinforcer, the reinforcer will be more potent at that time.

False

Which schedule of reinforcement produces a post-reinforcement pause?

Fixed Ratio

A fixed interval schedule of reinforcement provides reinforcement for the first correct response following a:

Fixed duration of time.

The four basic schedules of intermittent reinforcement are:

Fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval, and variable interval.

A major goal of most behavior change programs is the development of:

Naturally occurring activities; Stimuli.; Events to function as reinforcement.

Unconditioned reinforcers are:

Stimuli, such as food and water, that are inherently reinforcing for individuals.

Which is true? a.Unconditioned negative reinforcers must be related to our inherited capacity to respond to them (for example, aversive, painful stimuli), and conditioned negative reinforcers must be stimuli that were originally neutral events that acquired their effects through previous pairing with existing negative reinforcers.b.Conditioned negative reinforcers must be related to our inherited capacity to respond to them (for example, aversive, painful stimuli), and unconditioned negative reinforcers must be stimuli that were originally neutral events that acquired their effects through previous pairing with existing negative reinforcers.c.Joey forgot to clean his room before leaving for school. When he returned from school in the afternoon, he quickly cleaned his room before his mother came home to avoid a reprimand from her. A reprimand, in this case, can be considered an unconditioned negative reinforcer.d.An aversive stimulus cannot function as both a negative reinforcer and a punisher.

A

A schedule of reinforcement is a rule that describes:

A contingency of reinforcement.

The variable ratio schedule of reinforcement tends to produce:

A quick rate of response.

Which schedule of reinforcement consists of two or more elements of continuous reinforcement (CRF), the four intermittent schedules of reinforcement (FR, VR, FI, VI), differential reinforcement of various rates of responding (DRH, DRL), and extinction?

Compound schedules of reinforcement.

All the reinforcement schedules that are in effect for a person's behavior at one time are referred to as ______________ schedules of reinforcement.

Concurrent

Which schedule of reinforcement occurs when two or more contingencies of reinforcement operate independently and simultaneously for two or more behaviors?

Concurrent schedules of reinforcement.

Every time Nico raises his hand in class, Mrs. Francis calls on him. What schedule of reinforcement is Nico's hand raising on?

Continuous reinforcement.

Which schedule of reinforcement presents the reinforcer at the end of a predetermined interval, contingent on the number of responses emitted during the interval being greater than a gradually increasing criterion based on the individual's performance in previous intervals?

DRH

Continuous reinforcement provides a reinforcer for:

Each occurrence of behavior.

Behavior analysts use intermittent reinforcement to:

Maintain established behaviors.

__________ refers to the allocation of responses to choices available on concurrent schedules of reinforcement. Rates of responding across choices are distributed in proportions that match the rates of reinforcement received from each choice alternative

Matching Law

A fixed interval schedule typically produces a __________ in responding during the early part of the interval.

Post-reinforcement pause.

Common behavioral characteristics associated with ________ include avoidance, aggression, and unpredictable pauses in responding.

Ratio Strain

A post-reinforcement pause occurs when:

The subject does not respond for a period of time following reinforcement.

What is the advantage of using generalized conditioned reinforcers?

They are less susceptible to satiation, because they can be exchanged for a wide variety of other reinforcers.