AH, Exam #2

B. Weight reduction through diet and exercise

A client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes is admitted to the metabolic unit. The primary goal for this admission is education. Which goal should the nurse incorporate into her teaching plan? A. Smoking reduction but not complete cessation B. Weight reduction through diet and exercise C. An eye examination every 2 years until age 50 D. Maintenance of blood glucose levels between 180 and 200 mg/dl

A. Finger

A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is receiving short-acting insulin to maintain control of blood glucose levels. In providing glucometer instructions, the nurse would instruct the client to use which site for most accurate findings? A. Finger B. Forearm C. Thigh D. Upper arm

A. To restore liver glycogen and prevent secondary hypoglycemia

A client has type 1 diabetes. Her husband finds her unconscious at home and administers glucagon, 0.5 mg subcutaneously. She awakens in 5 minutes. Why should her husband offer her a complex carbohydrate snack as soon as possible? A. To restore liver glycogen and prevent secondary hypoglycemia B. To stimulate her appetite C. To decrease the possibility of nausea and vomiting D. To decrease the amount of glycogen in her system

A. Assess the client's breath odor

A client is admitted to the health care center with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The medical reports indicate a history of type 1 diabetes. The nurse suspects the client's symptoms to be those of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which action will help the nurse confirm the diagnosis? A. Assess the client's breath odor B. Assess the client's ability to move all extremities C. Assess for excessive sweating D. Assess the client's ability to take a deep breath

D. Crying whenever diabetes is mentioned

A client is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which assessment finding best supports a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective coping related to diabetes mellitus? A. Failure to monitor blood glucose levels B. Recent weight gain of 20 lb (9.1 kg) C. Skipping insulin doses during illness D. Crying whenever diabetes is mentioned

B. "Diet, exercise, and weight loss can eliminate the need for medication."

A controlled type 2 diabetic client states, "The doctor said if my blood sugars remain stable, I may not need to take any medication." Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? A. "You misunderstood the doctor. Let's ask for clarification." B. "Diet, exercise, and weight loss can eliminate the need for medication." C. "Some doctors do not treat blood sugar elevation until symptoms appear." D. "You will be placed on a strict low-sugar diet for better control."

B. Observe the client drawing up and administering the insulin.

A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes who is being discharged home tomorrow. What is the best way to assess the client's ability to prepare and self-administer insulin? A. Review the client's first hemoglobin A1C result after discharge. B. Observe the client drawing up and administering the insulin. C. Ask the client to describe the process in detail. D. Provide a health education session reviewing the main points of insulin delivery.

C. wash and inspect the feet daily.

A nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client with diabetes mellitus. A client with diabetes mellitus should: A. cut the toenails by rounding edges. B. use commercial preparations to remove corns. C. wash and inspect the feet daily. D. walk barefoot at least once each day.

A. beta cells of the pancreas.

A nurse is explaining the action of insulin to a client with diabetes mellitus. During client teaching, the nurse reviews the process of insulin secretion in the body. The nurse is correct when she states that insulin is secreted from the: A. beta cells of the pancreas. B. alpha cells of the pancreas. C. parafollicular cells of the thyroid. D. adenohypophysis.

A. How to control blood glucose through lifestyle modification with diet and exercise

A nurse is preparing to discharge a client with coronary artery disease and hypertension who is at risk for type 2 diabetes. Which information is important to include in the discharge teaching? A. How to control blood glucose through lifestyle modification with diet and exercise B. How to monitor ketones daily C. How to self-inject insulin D. How to recognize signs of diabetic ketoacidosis

C. "Lately, I drink and drink and can't seem to quench my thirst."

An occupational health nurse is screening a group of workers for diabetes. What statement should the nurse interpret as being suggestive of diabetes? A. "When I went to the washroom the last few days, my urine smelled odd." B. "I've always been a fan of sweet foods, but lately I'm turned off by them." C. "Lately, I drink and drink and can't seem to quench my thirst." D. "No matter how much sleep I get, it seems to take me hours to wake up."

C. Peripheral nephropathy

An older adult patient that has type 2 diabetes comes to the emergency department with second-degree burns to the bottom of both feet and states, "I didn't feel too hot but my feet must have been too close to the heater." What does the nurse understand is most likely the reason for the decreasonane in temperature sensation? A. A faulty heater B. Autonomic neuropathy C. Peripheral neuropathy D. Sudomotor neuropathy

B. "Diabetes can affect sensation in your feet and you can hurt yourself without realizing it."

When referred to a podiatrist, a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus asks, "Why do you need to check my feet when I'm having a problem with my blood sugar?" The nurse's most helpful response to this statement is: A. "The circulation in your feet can help us determine how severe your diabetes is." B. "Diabetes can affect sensation in your feet and you can hurt yourself without realizing it." C. "It's easier to get foot infections if you have diabetes." D. "The physician wants to be sure your shoes fit properly so you won't develop pressure sores."

C. Ketones

Which is a by-product of fat breakdown in the absence of insulin and accumulates in the blood and urine? A. Creatinine B. Cholesterol C. Ketones D. Hemoglobin

B. An elevated blood glucose concentration contributes to complications of diabetes, such as diminished vision.

Which would be included in the teaching plan for a client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus? A. Once insulin injections are started in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, they can never be discontinued. B. An elevated blood glucose concentration contributes to complications of diabetes, such as diminished vision. C. Sugar is found only in dessert foods. D. The only diet change needed in the treatment of diabetes is to stop eating sugar.